| 词条 | Hal Finney (computer scientist) |
| 释义 |
| name = Hal Finney | image = Hal Finney (computer scientist).jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1956|05|04}} | birth_place = Coalinga, California | death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|08|28|1956|05|04}} | death_place = Phoenix, Arizona | birth_name = Harold Thomas Finney II | known_for = Reusable proof-of-work system First Bitcoin recipient | occupation = | alma_mater = California Institute of Technology (B.S., Engineering, 1979) | spouse = Fran Finney }}Harold Thomas Finney II (May 4, 1956 – August 28, 2014) was a developer for PGP Corporation, and was the second developer hired after Phil Zimmermann. In his early career, he was credited as lead developer on several console games. He also was an early Bitcoin contributor and received the first bitcoin transaction from Bitcoin's creator Satoshi Nakamoto. Early life and education{{unreferenced section|date=January 2018}}Finney was born in Coalinga, California, in 1956. He went on to attend the California Institute of Technology, graduating with a BS in engineering in 1979. CareerAfter graduation from Caltech, he went to work in the computer gaming field for a company that developed video games such as Adventures of Tron, Armor Ambush, Astroblast and Space Attack.[1] He later went to work for the PGP Corporation with whom he remained until his retirement in 2011.[2] Finney was a noted cryptographic activist.[2] During the early 1990s, in addition to being a regular poster on the cypherpunks listserv, Finney ran two anonymous remailers.[3] Further cryptographic activism included running a (successful) contest to break the export-grade encryption Netscape used.[4] In 2004, Finney created the first reusable proof of work system before bitcoin.[5] In January 2009, Finney was the Bitcoin network's first transaction recipient.[6] BitcoinFinney was a cypherpunk and said:[7] {{quote|It seemed so obvious to me: "Here we are faced with the problems of loss of privacy, creeping computerization, massive databases, more centralization - and [David] Chaum offers a completely different direction to go in, one which puts power into the hands of individuals rather than governments and corporations. The computer can be used as a tool to liberate and protect people, rather than to control them."}}He was an early Bitcoin user and received the first bitcoin transaction from Bitcoin's creator Satoshi Nakamoto. Finney lived in the same town for 10 years that Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto lived (Temple City, California), adding to speculation that he may have been Bitcoin's creator.[7] Finney denied that he was Satoshi Nakamoto.[7] In March 2013, Finney posted on a Bitcoin forum BitcoinTalk that he was essentially paralyzed, but continued to program. He continued to program until his death; he was working on experimental software called bcflick, which uses Trusted Computing to strengthen Bitcoin wallets. During the last year of his life, the Finneys received anonymous calls demanding an extortion fee of 1,000 bitcoin. They became victims of swatting – a hoax "where the perpetrator calls up emergency dispatch using a spoofed telephone number and pretends to have committed a heinous crime in the hopes of provoking an armed police response to the victim's home".[8] Extortionists have demanded fees of more bitcoins than Finney had left after using the majority of them to cover medical expenses in 2013.[7] Personal lifeIn October 2009, Finney announced in an essay on the blog Less Wrong that he had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, a/k/a "Lou Gehrig's disease") in August 2009.[9] Prior to his illness, Finney had been an active runner.[10] Finney and his wife raised money for ALS research with the Santa Barbara International Marathon.[11][12][13] DeathFinney died in Phoenix, Arizona, on August 28, 2014, and was cryopreserved by the Alcor Life Extension Foundation.[14][15][16] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=173 |title=AtariAge |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225002424/http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=173 |archivedate=25 February 2015 |df= }} 2. ^"For instance, many ACLU members do not share the generalized antipathy toward government that is a common premise of "cypherpunk" activists like Hal Finney and Tim May." David Brin, The Transparent Society ch2 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/476/397 |title=Prospects for remailers - Parekh - First Monday |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409233250/http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/476/397 |archivedate=9 April 2013 |df= }} 4. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/mym/columns/credcrds/credtweb.htm "Give Us Some Credit: Your Card is Safe"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225011234/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/mym/columns/credcrds/credtweb.htm |date=2015-02-25 }}, The Washington Post, 1996 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/technology/businessinsider/article/Here-s-The-Problem-With-The-New-Theory-That-A-4529573.php |title=Here's The Problem with the New Theory That A Japanese Math Professor Is The Inventor of Bitcoin |work=San Francisco Chronicle |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104063653/http://www.sfgate.com/technology/businessinsider/article/Here-s-The-Problem-With-The-New-Theory-That-A-4529573.php |archivedate=4 January 2015 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2014/01/03/hal-finney-received-the-first-bitcoin-transaction-heres-how-he-describes-it/ |title=Hal Finney received the first Bitcoin transaction. Here's how he describes it. |work=The Washington Post |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227213647/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2014/01/03/hal-finney-received-the-first-bitcoin-transaction-heres-how-he-describes-it/ |archivedate=27 February 2015 |df= }} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2014/03/25/satoshi-nakamotos-neighbor-the-bitcoin-ghostwriter-who-wasnt/ |title=The Little Black Book of Billionaire Secrets Nakamoto's Neighbor: My Hunt For Bitcoin's Creator Led To A Paralyzed Crypto Genius |work=Forbes|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326104029/http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2014/03/25/satoshi-nakamotos-neighbor-the-bitcoin-ghostwriter-who-wasnt/#42e4aeba4a37|archive-date=2014-03-26|dead-url=yes |accessdate=17 April 2017}} 8. ^{{cite news |author1=Robert McMillan |title=An Extortionist Has Been Making Life Hell for Bitcoin's Earliest Adopters |url=https://www.wired.com/2014/12/finney-swat/ |accessdate=3 January 2015 |work=Wired |date=29 December 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103053804/http://www.wired.com/2014/12/finney-swat/ |archivedate=3 January 2015 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://lesswrong.com/lw/1ab/dying_outside/ |title=Dying Outside |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228034025/http://lesswrong.com/lw/1ab/dying_outside/ |archivedate=28 February 2015 |df= }} 10. ^https://presidiosports.com/2013/03/in-finney-home-fran-gives-care-quality-of-life-to-husband-hal/ 11. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20101013172856/http://www.sbimarathon.com/About_Us/Fight_for_a_Cure_for_ALS__A_Marathoners_Story.htm Fight for a Cure for ALS: A Marathoners Story] 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.noozhawk.com/local_news/article/112909_finney_family |title=Hal and Fran Finney Are Running for a Cause |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308204151/http://www.noozhawk.com/local_news/article/112909_finney_family |archivedate=8 March 2012 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.noozhawk.com/local_news/article/101710_hal_finney_als |title=After a Year of ALS, Reality Begins to Hit Home for Hal and Fran Finney |accessdate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625223546/http://www.noozhawk.com/local_news/article/101710_hal_finney_als |archivedate=25 June 2013 |df= }} 14. ^1 Popper, Nathaniel, [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/business/hal-finney-cryptographer-and-bitcoin-pioneer-dies-at-58.html?ref=obituaries "Hal Finney, Cryptographer and Bitcoin Pioneer, Dies at 58"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915204932/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/business/hal-finney-cryptographer-and-bitcoin-pioneer-dies-at-58.html?ref=obituaries |date=2017-09-15 }}, The New York Times, August 30, 2014 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://lists.extropy.org/pipermail/extropy-chat/2014-August/082585.html |author=Max More |date=2014-08-28 |title=Hal Finney being cryopreserved now |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212081404/http://lists.extropy.org/pipermail/extropy-chat/2014-August/082585.html |archivedate=2015-02-12 |df= }} 16. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2014/08/hal-finney/ |author=Andy Greenberg |title=Bitcoin's Earliest Adopter Is Cryonically Freezing His Body to See the Future |date=2014-08-28 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407201619/https://www.wired.com/2014/08/hal-finney/ |archivedate=2017-04-07 |df= }} External links
9 : People associated with Bitcoin|American transhumanists|California Institute of Technology alumni|Cypherpunks|Deaths from motor neuron disease|1956 births|2014 deaths|Cryonically preserved people|People from Coalinga, California |
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