| 词条 | Hal Plotkin |
| 释义 |
|name = Hal Plotkin |image = Hal_Plotkin_by_Nasir_Khan_Saikat.JPG |imagesize = |caption = Hal Plotkin at the Institute for Open Leadership in 2015 |office = Senior Policy Advisor Office of the Under Secretary of Education |term_start = July 2009 |term_end = August 2014 |predecessor = |birth_name= |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1957|9|14}} |birth_place = New York City, New York |education = San Jose State University |spouse = Loren A. Stein |partner = |residence = Palo Alto, California }}Hal W. Plotkin (born September 14, 1957) is an American journalist and activist. He is currently the senior open policy fellow at Creative Commons.[1] From 2009 to 2014, Plotkin served as the Senior Policy Advisor in the Office of the Under Secretary of Education, United States Department of Education, which has responsibility for all federal U.S. higher education policies and programs.[2] In 2003, Plotkin initiated the Foothill-De Anza Community College District's Policy on Public Domain Learning Materials[3] which are now more commonly known as Open Educational Resources. Early lifePlotkin attended Palo Alto High School, where he was an editor for the student newspaper, The Campanile. Family circumstances led him to drop out of high school during his junior year in order to work full-time in whatever jobs he could find, including gas station bathroom cleaner and pizza maker.[4] Plotkin managed to graduate with his high school class in 1975 after administrators gave him course credit for some of his employment activities. He attended college part-time over the next 10 years while working a variety of jobs, including as a Comprehensive Employment and Training Act worker serving as an aide to then-Santa Clara County Supervisor Rod Diridon, Sr. In 1979, Plotkin began working as a researcher, writer, editor and broadcaster. His earliest journalism jobs included serving as news and public affairs director for KPEN 97.7 FM and writing for the San Jose Metro alternative newspaper. Plotkin eventually earned his associate degree in history from Foothill College in 1985 and his bachelor's degree in behavioral sciences, with distinction, at San Jose State University in 1986. He also ghostwrote two books and served as an editorial consultant on several others during this period.[4] Professional careerPlotkin worked as a Silicon Valley-based journalist and commentator, with his work often focused on technology, business, public policy, education and science. He was a founding editor of American Public Media's Marketplace program and a former columnist for CNBC.com and SFGate.com, the website of the San Francisco Chronicle.[5] He joined CNBC.com the following year as full-time Silicon Valley correspondent for the online operations of the financial news television network. He worked for CNBC.com from the day the site went online in July 1999 until Microsoft Corp. took over editorial operations in July 2001.[6] Plotkin has written more than 650 articles for a wide variety of publishers, including Barron's, Inc., Forbes ASAP, Harvard Business Publishing, California Business, Metro, Family Business and International Business magazines.[7] Plotkin's articles and essays include "Riches From Rags," one of the first printed references{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} to the term "mass customization;"[8][9] "Tear Down the Walls," which made an early case for what has become the Open Educational Resources movement,[10] a description of the new "higher education ecosystem" made possible by the Internet;[11] the first article about Creative Commons,[12] and a variety of articles for Harvard Business School Press.[13] In 1988, Plotkin's investigative reports on potential media influence buying by Pentagon contractors associated with misleading, unnecessary, and expensive full-page daily newspaper classified help wanted ads[14][15] led to a congressional investigation,[16][17][18][19][20][21] and an audit by the Department of Defense Contracting Audit Agency that illuminated opportunities for hundreds of millions of dollars in annual savings.[22] Plotkin received a letter of commendation for his work from David Packard, founder of Hewlett-Packard, and a former Deputy Secretary of Defense.[23] In 1996, Plotkin wrote one of the first articles on Yahoo!, based on interviews he conducted with the founders while they were seeking initial investors, and which was published shortly before the company went public.[24] He also wrote an early article about Confinity, which was later renamed PayPal.[25] Plotkin is also the founder, chairman of the board, and former CEO of the Center for Media Change, a Palo Alto-based non-profit organization that facilitates the creation, development and use of new business models to preserve the economic and professional viability of high-quality independent fact-based journalism. Plotkin was the founding editor of the Center for Media Change's first project, www.ReelChanges.org, which launched on May 1, 2008. ReelChanges was the first online site to pioneer crowdfunding of high-quality documentary film projects. ReelChanges won a small grant from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting's Media Innovation Fund[26] but was unable to attract additional financial support. Despite generating considerable buzz[27][28][29][30][31][32] ReelChanges went offline in March 2009, when Plotkin accepted a position in the Obama administration.[33] The Center for Media Change, Inc. also served as the parent 501(C)3 non-profit for a similar site, spot.us, founded by David Cohn. Spot.us was acquired by American Public Media in early 2012.[34] In recent years, Plotkin has devoted much of his time to advancing the Open Educational Resources movement.[35][36][37][38] ActivismIn 1992, Plotkin filed a class-action lawsuit against General Electric Company in connection with the misleading packaging of incandescent light bulbs. The settlement of Plotkin vs. General Electric and a related agreement between the company and the Federal Trade Commission raised public awareness about the growing practice of "greenwashing" and led to a settlement in which G.E. made customer refunds and financial contributions to environmental groups in the amount of $3.25 million. Plotkin received no funds from the 1993 settlement.[39][40] PoliticsIn 1993, Plotkin won the Democratic party's nomination for a special election to fill Silicon Valley's seat in the California state Senate but was defeated in the general election by Tom Campbell, a former GOP member of the U.S. Congress. The following year, he was appointed to serve a two-year term on the California state Economic Strategy Panel by the then-Speaker of the California state Assembly, Willie Brown, Jr. In 1994, Plotkin served as a senior fellow of the World Economic Development Congress, where he helped organize a conference that brought PLO leader Yasser Arafat and then Israeli-president Chaim Herzog together for peace and economic cooperation talks in Madrid.[41] While working for the United States Department of Education, Plotkin worked to advance the use of Open Educational Resources to increase access to high-quality educational opportunities and improve the quality of teaching and learning while lowering costs imposed on students, communities and schools.[42][43][44] AwardsIn 2006, Plotkin was the recipient of the San Francisco Bay Area Jewish Family and Children's Services FAMMY award. References1. ^Hal Plotkin Named First Creative Commons Senior Open Policy Fellow http://us.creativecommons.org/archives/1012 2. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/show_story.php?id=12898|title=Plotkin to serve as Obama senior policy adviser: Palo Alto resident leaves Foothill–De Anza board after six years|last=Reichelstein|first=Daniela|date=29 June 2009|work=Palo Alto Weekly|accessdate=1 May 2010}} 3. ^Policy on Public Domain Learning Materials 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/bio/ |title=Hal's Bio Page |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 5. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/1998/08/31/digitaleduc.DTL | work=The San Francisco Chronicle | first=Hal | last=Plotkin | title=Tear Down The Walls / College in the Digital Age | date=2011-06-28}} 6. ^http://plotkin.com/cnbc-com-archives/ 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/bio/resume/ |title=Hal Plotkin's C.V |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/19950315/2564.html|title=Riches from Rags |publisher=Inc. Magazine |date=1995-03-15 |accessdate=2010-10-21}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/Inc021/|title=Riches from Rags |publisher=Inc. Magazine (authorized reprint)|date=1995-03-15 |accessdate=2010-10-21}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/1998-08-31/technology/17727560_1_admissions-lani-guinier-higher-education|title=Tear Down the Walls |publisher=SFGate.com |date=1998-08-31 |accessdate=2010-10-21 |first=Hal |last=Plotkin}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2001/05/10/mit.DTL|title=Free Higher Education |publisher=SFGate.com |date=2001-05-10 |accessdate=2010-10-21 |first=Hal |last=Plotkin}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2002/02/11/creatcom.DTL|title=All Hail Creative Commons |publisher=SFGate.com |date=2002-02-11 |accessdate=2010-11-14 |first=Hal |last=Plotkin}} 13. ^{{cite web |title= Higher Education |url= https://cb.hbsp.harvard.edu/cbmp/search?term=hal+plotkin&n=&navigation=&coursepackName=&libraryItemId |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 14. ^http://plotkin.com/how-the-defense-dept-bought-americas-newspapers/ 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/classified-information/ |title=Classified Information |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/nancy-pelosi/ |title=Nancy Pelosi Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/john-murtha/ |title=John Murtha Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/don-edwards/ |title=Don Edwards Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/norman-mineta/ |title=Norm Mineta Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/nicholas-mavroules/ |title=Mavroules Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/les-aspin/ |title=Les Aspin Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/dod-audit-report/ |title=DOD Audit Report |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://plotkin.com/david-packard/ |title=David Packard Letter |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/04.11.96/yahoo-9615.html |title=San Jose | Yahoo! |publisher=Metroactive |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.plotkin.com/cnbcs029 |title=Beam Me up Some Cash |publisher=plotkin.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 26. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.current.org/funding/funding0906crowdfunding.shtml |title=Experiment in online "crowdfunding" |publisher=Current.org |date=2009-03-30 |accessdate=2013-09-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516063712/http://www.current.org/funding/funding0906crowdfunding.shtml |archivedate=2012-05-16 |df= }} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.socialmedia.biz/2008/05/01/reelchanges-viewer-funded-documentaries/ |title=ReelChanges: viewer-funded documentaries |publisher=Socialmedia.biz |date=2008-05-01 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 28. ^{{cite web|author=JD Lasica |url=https://www.pbs.org/idealab/2008/08/reelchanges-aims-to-audience-fund-documentaries005.html |title=ReelChanges Aims to ‘Audience-Fund’ Documentaries | Idea Lab |publisher=PBS |date=2008-08-13 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zepy.net/archives/reelchangesorg-documentaries-funded-by-us.html |title=ReelChanges.org – Documentaries Funded By Us | Online Tips, Free Download and Review |publisher=Zepy.net |date=2008-08-23 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://toddmundt.posterous.com/ima09-hal-plotkin-and-crowd-funded-public-med-0 |title=Good night, Posterous |publisher=Toddmundt.posterous.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.paloaltoonline.com/weekly/story.php?story_id=8501 |title=Palo Alto Online Palo Alto Weekly: Putting a price on journalism (May 9, 2008) |publisher=Paloaltoonline.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 32. ^{{cite web|author=Persephone Miel |url=http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/mediarepublic/2008/05/01/reel-changes/ |title=Media Re:public » Blog Archive » Reel Changes |publisher=Blogs.law.harvard.edu |date=2008-05-01 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 33. ^{{cite web |author=Adapted from Current, March 7, 2011 By Steve Behrens |url=http://www.current.org/funding/funding1105reelchanges.html |title=Crowd-funding requires promo, 2011 |publisher=Current.org |date=2011-03-07 |accessdate=2013-09-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516062717/http://www.current.org/funding/funding1105reelchanges.html |archivedate=May 16, 2012 |df= }} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/11/prweb8999925.htm |title=American Public Media's Public Insight Network Acquires Spot.Us |publisher=Prweb.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad |title=Publius Project |publisher=Publius.cc |date= |accessdate=2010-05-01}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.azcentral.com/news/articles/2008/08/20/20080820college-textbooks0820-ON.html |title=Reformers target high cost of print textbooks |publisher=azcentral.com |date=2008-08-20 |accessdate=2010-05-01}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://fhdafiles.fhda.edu/downloads/homefhda/PlotkinKanterPDtestimony.pdf|title=Testimony of Hal Plotkin and Martha Kanter, California State Assembly Committee on Higher Education |publisher=Foothill–De Anza Community College District |date=2006-02-28 |accessdate=2010-05-01}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Free_to_Learn_Guide|title=Free to Learn: An Open Educational Resources Policy Development Guidebook for Community College Governance Officials|publisher=Creative Commons|date=2011-10-06 |accessdate=2010-05-01}} 39. ^{{cite web|author=Newgeography.com |url=http://www.newgeography.com/content/00665-different-shades-green |title=Different Shades of Green |publisher=Newgeography.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SJ&p_theme=sj&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&s_dispstring=allfields%28Hal%20Plotkin%29%20AND%20date%281/1/1992%20to%201/1/1994%29&p_field_date-0=YMD_date&p_params_date-0=date:B,E&p_text_date-0=1/1/1992%20to%201/1/1994%29&p_field_advanced-0=&p_text_advanced-0=%28%22Hal%20Plotkin%22%29&xcal_numdocs=20&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&xcal_useweights=no |title=San Jose Mercury News - Bay Area news, technology, jobs, cars and real estate |publisher=Nl.newsbank.com |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 41. ^http://plotkin.com/partnership-for-peace/ 42. ^{{cite web|author=Hal Plotkin |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/01/20/new-job-training-and-education-grants-program-launched |title=New Job-Training and Education Grants Program Launched | The White House |publisher=Whitehouse.gov |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 43. ^{{cite web|last=Carey |first=Kevin |url=http://chronicle.com/article/The-Quiet-Revolution-in-Open/127545/ |title=The Quiet Revolution in Open Learning - Commentary - The Chronicle of Higher Education |publisher=Chronicle.com |date=2011-05-15 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=https://blog.ed.gov/2012/03/%e2%80%9cwhy-open-education-matters%e2%80%9d%e2%80%94video-competition-launches/ |title="Why Open Education Matters"—Video Competition Launches | ED.gov Blog |publisher=Ed.gov |date=2012-03-05 |accessdate=2013-09-14}} External links
7 : Living people|1957 births|People from Palo Alto, California|San Jose State University alumni|American male journalists|Jewish American journalists|Journalists from California |
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