| 词条 | Hannover CL.II | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Hannover CL.II was an escort fighter, produced in Germany during World War I, designed in response to a 1917 requirement by the Idflieg for such a machine to protect reconnaissance aircraft over enemy territory. It was a compact biplane of largely conventional configuration with single-bay staggered wings of unequal span. The fuselage was a thin plywood paneled, wooden monocoque design, very similar to the style of fuselage in Robert Thelen's Albatros series of single-seat fighters. The main units of the fixed tailskid undercarriage were linked by a cross-axle, and the pilot and tail gunner sat in tandem, open cockpits, with the gunner's cockpit elevated above the line of the upper fuselage to afford him a greater field of fire. For the same purpose, the aircraft featured an unusually compact empennage, with a short fin integral with the rear fuselage structure and a biplane tail unit that allowed the rear gunner to have a larger field of aftwards fire when defending the aircraft. Smaller than the usual C-class reconnaissance aircraft, it was easy for enemy pilots to mistake it for a single-seat fighter; a mistake that would bring them into the line of fire of the rear-facing dorsal gunner when closing from astern. The CL.II was also produced under licence by LFG, under the designation CL.IIa. The type was widely produced, and as the war continued, was increasingly employed as a ground attack machine, remaining in service in this role until the Armistice. A copy of Hannover CL.II, named CWL SK-1 Słowik, was the first aircraft built in independent Poland, in CWL in Warsaw in 1919. It however crashed during a public flight on August 23, 1919 in Warsaw, due to faulty bracing wires, killing its constructor Karol Słowik.[1] Specifications{{aerospecs|ref= |met or eng?=met |crew=Two, pilot and gunner |capacity= |length m=7.80 |length ft=25 |length in=7 |span m=11.95 |span ft=39 |span in=3 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=2.75 |height ft=9 |height in=0 |wing area sqm=33.8 |wing area sqft=364 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |empty weight kg=750 |empty weight lb=1,650 |gross weight kg=1,110 |gross weight lb=2,450 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Argus As.III |eng1 kw=134 |eng1 hp=180 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=165 |max speed mph=103 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h=3 |endurance min=30 |ceiling m=7,500 |ceiling ft=24,600 |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1=1 × fixed, forward-firing 7.92 mm LMG 08/15 Spandau machine gun |armament2=1 × trainable, rearward-firing 7.92 mm Parabellum MG14 machine gun for observer |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }}{{aircontent |see also= |related= |similar aircraft= |lists= }} References{{commons category|Hannover CL.II}}1. ^Morgała, Andrzej. O samolocie inż. Słowika raz jeszcze in: "Lotnictwo z szachownicą" nr. 21(1/2007), pp.30-33 {{pl icon}} * {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=468 }}
2 : German fighter aircraft 1910–1919|Hannover aircraft |
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