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词条 Jo Bonnier
释义

  1. Early life

  2. First competition

  3. Formula One

  4. Sports car racer

  5. Team management, safety campaigning and death

  6. Racing record

     Complete Formula One World Championship results  Complete Formula One Non-Championship results  Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results 

  7. References

{{Infobox F1 driver
| name = Jo Bonnier
| image = BonnierJo196608.jpg
| nationality = {{flagicon|SWE}} Swedish
| birth_date = {{birth date|1930|1|31|df=y}}
| birth_place = Stockholm, Sweden
| death_date = {{death date and age|1972|6|11|1930|1|31|df=y}}
| death_place = Le Mans, France
| Years = {{F1|1956}}–{{F1|1971}}
| Team(s) = Maserati, Scuderia Centro Sud, Joakim Bonnier Racing Team, BRM, Porsche, Rob Walker Racing Team, Lotus, Brabham, Anglo-Suisse Racing/Ecurie Bonnier and Honda
| Races = 108 (104 starts)
| Championships = 0
| Wins = 1
| Podiums = 1
| Points = 39
| Poles = 1
| Fastest laps = 0
| First race = 1956 Italian Grand Prix
| First win = 1959 Dutch Grand Prix
| Last win = 1959 Dutch Grand Prix
| Last race = 1971 United States Grand Prix
}}

Joakim Bonnier (31 January 1930 – 11 June 1972) was a Swedish sportscar racing and Formula One driver who raced for various teams.

Early life

Jo Bonnier was born in Stockholm, to the wealthy Bonnier family. His father, Gert, was a professor of genetics at the University of Stockholm, while many members of his extensive family were in the publishing business. He spoke six languages and, although his parents hoped that he would become a doctor, for a while it was his aspiration to enter the family publishing business. He attended Oxford University for a year, studying languages, then went to Paris, France, planning to learn about publishing.

First competition

Bonnier began competitive racing in Sweden at age 17, on an old Harley-Davidson motorcycle. He returned home to Sweden in 1951 after his Paris trip, and later took part in several rallies as the proud owner of a Simca.[1]

Formula One

Bonnier entered Formula One in {{F1|1956}}, driving a Maserati. His racing career almost ended in September 1958 in a race at Imola, near Modena. He debuted a 1500cc Maserati and moved up through the field following a bad start, passing Luigi Musso, and was gaining on leader Eugenio Castellotti at around two seconds per lap when he lost control after another car pulled directly into his path as they negotiated a fast corner. His Maserati struck a large rock at the edge of the road and catapulted. The other driver went underneath him as he turned over and over in the air and, while he was upside down, the crash helmet of his competitor made contact with his. Bonnier's Maserati landed on its side before skidding 75 feet and heading into a ditch, where it came to a stop against a pole. Bonnier was thrown out of the car and suffered concussion, several cracked ribs, and a broken vertebra. His car was completely written off.

His greatest achievement in F1 was taking victory for BRM in the 1959 Dutch Grand Prix at Zandvoort, when the notoriously unreliable car worked well for once (Dan Gurney and Hans Herrmann had bad crashes after brake failures). He also won the 1960 German Grand Prix with a Porsche 718, a race held for Formula Two in preparation for the rule change of 1961. Bonnier was one of the driving forces behind the Grand Prix Drivers' Association.

Despite his win for BRM, Bonnier did not drive for many works teams throughout his career, with only one-offs as a replacement driver for Lotus, Brabham and Honda. After his debut in a works Maserati, he then drove for his own Joakim Bonnier Racing Team and for Mimmo Dei's Scuderia Centro Sud in the late 50s, before finding a spot in the BRM and Porsche teams.

After Porsche quit Grand Prix racing at the end of the 1962 season, Bonnier switched to Rob Walker Racing Team, the only privateer to have scored wins in World Championship events, where he drove Coopers and Brabhams, scoring few points.

In 1966 he reformed his own team as Anglo-Suisse Racing Team (later to be renamed Ecurie Bonnier), but his interest in F1 gradually diminished. His last full season was 1968, in which he traded his old Cooper T86 for an old McLaren. He raced occasionally in F1 until 1971.

In 1966, along with American racing drivers Phil Hill, Richie Ginther and Carroll Shelby, he was racing advisor to the 1966 motor racing epic Grand Prix starring James Garner. All the aforementioned (including Garner, who did all his own driving) were employed as drivers for the racing scenes. While filming the 1966 Belgian Grand Prix at the notorious and extremely fast Spa-Francorchamps circuit, Bonnier, along with more than half the field including Jackie Stewart, Bob Bondurant, Graham Hill and Denny Hulme, crashed out on the first lap of the race. According to Phil Hill, Bonnier went through an upstairs window at a house next to the track and could not take part in the later filming on the circuit.

Sports car racer

Alongside F1, Bonnier also took part in many sports car races. He won the 1960 Targa Florio, co-driving a works Porsche 718 with Hans Herrmann, and in 1962 took a Ferrari 250 TRI entered by Count Giovanni Volpi to top honours in the 12 Hours of Sebring, sharing the car with Lucien Bianchi. In 1963 he was once again winner at the Targa Florio, with Carlo Mario Abate in another works Porsche 718.

1964 was his best year in sports car racing, where he co-drove a Ferrari P entered by Maranello Concessionaires with Graham Hill, taking a 330P to second place in the 24 Hours of Le Mans and to a win at Montlhéry, while a 12-hour race in Reims also gave him a first place in a 250LM.

He then won the 1000km Nürburgring in a Chaparral in 1966 (with Phil Hill), his last win in a major sports car event, but still managed to snatch victories in the minor 1000 km of Barcelona at Montjuïc in 1971 (with Ronnie Peterson), and the 4 Hours of Le Mans in 1972 (with Hughes de Fierlant).

Bonnier purchased a McLaren M6B to campaign in the 1968 Can-Am series. In the first outing at the Karlskoga Sweden GP, Bonnier had the pole but an off course excursion on the first lap caused him to finish second to David Piper in a Ferrari 330P3/4. He then ran his McLaren in five of the six Can-Am races with his best finish an eighth at Las Vegas.[2] He was plagued with mechanical problems most of the season. However, he finished 3rd in the M6B at the Mt Fuji 200-mile race.[3]

In 1970 he drove a Lola T210 to victory in the European 2-Litre Sports Car Championship, securing the drivers title at the end of the season with 48 points.[4]

Team management, safety campaigning and death

By the early seventies, he had taken to managing his team, entering several cars in World Sportscar Championship events, and taking a backseat to driving. He had also taken a lead in the fight for track safety, which had started around that time. Nevertheless, he was killed in a crash during an event at Le Mans in 1972. On the straight between Mulsanne Corner and Indianapolis, his open-top Lola T280-Cosworth collided with a Ferrari Daytona driven by a Swiss amateur driver Florian Vetsch. His car was catapulted over the Armco barriers and into the trees next to the track and he was killed instantly. According to Vic Elford, who was driving a factory-entered Alfa Romeo Tipo 33 and who had stopped to assist Vetsch escape from his burning Ferrari, the last he had seen of Bonnier's Lola was that it was "spinning into the trees like a helicopter".

{{-}}

Racing record

Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13WDC|World Drivers' Championship Pts
1956 Officine Alfieri Maserati Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 ARG MON 500 BEL FRA GBR GERITA
{{small|Ret}}		 NC 0
1957 Scuderia Centro SudMaserati 250FMaserati 250F1 2.5 L6ARG
{{small|7}}		PES
{{small|Ret}}		ITA
{{small|Ret}}		NC0
Jo Bonnier MON
DNA		 500 FRAGBR
{{small|Ret}}		 GER
1958 Scuderia Centro SudMaserati 250FMaserati 250F1 2.5 L6 ARG
DNA		GER
{{small|Ret}}		20th3
Jo BonnierMON
{{small|Ret}}		NED
{{small|10}}		 500BEL
{{small|9}}		GBR
{{small|Ret}}		POR
{{small|Ret}}
Giorgio ScarlattiFRA
{{small|8}}
Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25 BRM P25 2.5 L4ITA
{{small|Ret}}		MOR
{{small|4}}
1959 Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25 BRM P25 2.5 L4MON
{{small|Ret}}		 500NED
{{small|1}}		FRA
{{small|Ret}}		GBR
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|5}}		POR
{{small|Ret}}		ITA
{{small|8}}		 USA 8th 10
1960Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25BRM P25 2.5 L4ARG
{{small|7}}		18th4
BRM P48MON
{{small|5}}		 500NED
{{small|Ret}}		BEL
{{small|Ret}}		FRA
{{small|Ret}}		GBR
{{small|Ret}}		POR
{{small|Ret}}		 ITAUSA
{{small|5}}
1961Porsche System Engineering Porsche 787Porsche 547/3 1.5 F4MON
{{small|12}}		NED
{{small|11}}		15th3
Porsche 718BEL
{{small|7}}		FRA
{{small|7}}		GBR
{{small|5}}		GER
{{small|Ret}}		ITA
{{small|Ret}}		USA
{{small|6}}
1962Porsche System Engineering Porsche 804 Porsche 753 1.5 F8NED
{{small|7}}		FRA
{{small|10}}		GBR
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|7}}		ITA
{{small|6}}		USA
{{small|13}}		 RSA15th3
Porsche 718 Porsche 547/3 1.5 F4MON
{{small|5}}		{{small>WD}}
1963R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Cooper T60Climax FWMV 1.5 V8MON
{{small|7}}		BEL
{{small|5}}		NED
{{small|11}}		FRA
{{small|NC}}		11th6
Cooper T66GBR
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|6}}		ITA
{{small|7}}		USA
{{small|8}}		MEX
{{small|5}}		RSA
{{small|6}}
1964R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Cooper T66 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8MON
{{small|5}}		15th3
Brabham BT11 BRM P56 1.5 V8NED
{{small|9}}		BEL
{{small|Ret}}		 FRAGBR
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|Ret}}
Brabham BT7 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8AUT
{{small|6}}		ITA
{{small|12}}		USA
{{small|Ret}}		MEX
{{small|Ret}}
1965 R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Brabham BT7 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8RSA
{{small|Ret}}		MON
{{small|7}}		BEL
{{small|Ret}}		FRA
{{small|Ret}}		GBR
{{small|7}}		NED
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|7}}		ITA
{{small|7}}		USA
{{small|8}}		MEX
{{small|Ret}}		 NC 0
1966Anglo-Suisse Racing Team Cooper T81 Maserati 9/F1 3.0 V12MON
{{small|NC}}		BEL
{{small|Ret}}		NED
{{small|7}}		GER
{{small|Ret}}		ITA
{{small|Ret}}		USA
{{small|NC}}		MEX
{{small|6}}		17th1
Brabham BT22 Climax FPF 2.8 L4FRA
{{small|NC}}
Brabham BT7 Climax FWMV 2.0 V8GBR
{{small|Ret}}
1967 Joakim Bonnier Racing Team Cooper T81 Maserati 9/F1 3.0 V12RSA
{{small|Ret}}		 MON NEDBEL
{{small|Ret}}		 FRAGBR
{{small|Ret}}		GER
{{small|6{{ref|1|1}}}}		CAN
{{small|8}}		ITA
{{small|Ret}}		USA
{{small|6}}		MEX
{{small|10}}		 15th 3
1968Joakim Bonnier Racing Team Cooper T81 Maserati 9/F1 3.0 V12RSA
{{small|Ret}}		 ESP22nd3
McLaren M5A BRM P142 3.0 V12MON
{{small|DNQ}}		BEL
{{small|Ret}}		NED
{{small|8}}		 FRAGBR
{{small|Ret}}		 GER
DNA		ITA
{{small|6}}		CAN
{{small|Ret}}		USA
{{small|NC}}
Honda RA301 Honda RA301E 3.0 V12MEX
{{small|5}}
1969Ecurie Bonnier Lotus 63Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 RSA ESP MON NED FRAGBR
{{small|Ret}}		NC0
Lotus 49BGER
{{small|Ret}}		 ITA CAN USA MEX
1970 Ecurie Bonnier McLaren M7C Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 RSA ESP MON BEL NED FRA GBR GER AUTITA
{{small|DNQ}}		 CANUSA
{{small|Ret}}		 MEX NC 0
1971 Ecurie Bonnier McLaren M7C Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8RSA
{{small|Ret}}		 ESP MON NED FRA GBRGER
{{small|DNQ}}		AUT
{{small|DNS}}		ITA
{{small|10}}		 CANUSA
{{small|16}}		 NC 0
{{center|{{small|Source:[5]
Notes
  • {{note|1|1}} – Bonnier was 6th at 1967 German Grand Prix but he was given points for the 5th place because F2-drivers who competed in the same race were ineligible to score points.

Complete Formula One Non-Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

(Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
1957 Jo BonnierMaserati 250FMaserati 250F1 2.5 L6 SYR PAU GLV NAPRMS
{{small|Ret}}		CAE
{{small|4}}
Scuderia Centro SudINT
{{small|4}}
Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25 BRM P25 2.5 L4MOD
{{small|Ret}}		 MOR
1958 Jo Bonnier Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 GLVSYR
{{small|2}}		 AININT
{{small|Ret}}		CAE
{{small|2}}
1959 Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25 BRM P25 2.5 L4GLV
{{small|4}}		AIN
{{small|Ret}}		 INT OUL
DNA		 SIL
1960Owen Racing Organisation BRM P25BRM P25 2.5 L4GLV
{{small|6}}
BRM P48INT
{{small|Ret}}		 SILLOM
{{small|3}}		OUL
{{small|5}}
1961 Scuderia Colonia Lotus 18 Climax FPF 1.5 L4 LOM GLVPAU
{{small|2}}		{{small>WD}} AIN
Porsche System Engineering Porsche 718 Porsche 547/3 1.5 F4BRX
{{small|Ret}}		SYR
{{small|3}}		 NAP LONSOL
{{small|2}}		KAN
{{small|2}}		 DANMOD
{{small|2}}		FLG
{{small|3}}		{{small>WD}} LEW VALRAN
{{small|3}}		NAT
{{small|3}}		RSA
{{small|3}}
UDT-Laystall Racing Lotus 18/21 Climax FPF 1.5 L4SIL
{{small|11}}
1962 Porsche System EngineeringPorsche 718Porsche 547/3 1.5 F4CAP
{{small|3}}
Scuderia SSS Republica di VeneziaBRX
{{small|2}}		LOM
{{small|3}}		 LAV GLVPAU
{{small|12}}		 AININT
{{small|12}}		 NAPMAL
{{small|6}}		 CLPRMS
{{small|8}}
Porsche System Engineering Porsche 804 Porsche 753 1.5 F8SOL
{{small|2}}		KAN
{{small|3}}		 MED DAN MEX
DNA		 RAN NAT
R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Lotus 24 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8OUL
{{small|Ret}}
1963R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Cooper T60Climax FWMV 1.5 V8 LOM GLVPAU
{{small|Ret}}		IMO
{{small|Ret}}		INT
{{small|5}}		 ROMSOL
{{small|9}}		MED
{{small|4}}		AUT
{{small|Ret}}
Lotus 24SYR
{{small|5}}		 AIN
Cooper T66KAN
{{small|5}}		OUL
{{small|Ret}}		 RAN
1964R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Cooper T66 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8DMT
{{small|2}}		NWT
{{small|Ret}}		SYR
{{small|4}}		AIN
{{small|4}}		INT
{{small|16}}
Brabham BT11 BRM P56 1.5 V8SOL
{{small|5}}		 MED RAN
1965R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Brabham BT7Climax FWMV 1.5 V8ROC
{{small|3}}		SYR
{{small|4}}		SMT
{{small|5}}		INT
{{small|5}}		MED
{{small|Ret}}
Lotus 25RAN
{{small|Ret}}
1966R.R.C. Walker Racing Team Lotus 25 Climax FWMV 1.5 V8RSA
{{small|Ret}}
Brabham BT11 BRM P60 1.9 V8SYR
{{small|5}}
Anglo-Suisse Racing Team Cooper T81 Maserati 9/F1 3.0 V12INT
{{small|3}}		 OUL
1967 Joakim Bonnier Racing Team Cooper T81 Maserati 9/F1 3.0 V12 ROC SPRINT
{{small|Ret}}		SYR
{{small|5}}		 OUL ESP
1968 Joakim Bonnier Racing Team McLaren M5A BRM P142 3.0 V12ROC
{{small|Ret}}		INT
{{small|Ret}}		OUL
{{small|Ret}}
1969 Ecurie Bonnier Lotus 49B Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 ROC INT MAD{{small>DNS}}
1971 Ecurie Bonnier Lola T190 Chevrolet 5.0 V8ARG
{{small|Ret}}		 ROC QUE SPR INT RIN OUL VIC
{{center|{{small|Source:[6]

Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results

Year Team Co-Drivers Car Class LapsPos.|Overall PositionClass
Pos.|Class Position
1957{{flagicon|ITA}} Officine Alfieri Maserati{{flagicon|ITA}} Giorgio ScarlattiMaserati 300S S 3.0 73 DNF DNF
1958{{flagicon|ESP|1945}} Francisco Godia{{flagicon|ESP|1945}} Francisco Godia-SalesMaserati 300S S 3.0 142 DNF DNF
1959{{flagicon|FRG}} Porsche KG{{flagicon|FRG}} Wolfgang von TripsPorsche 718 RSK S 2.0 182 DNF DNF
1960{{flagicon|FRG}} Porsche KG{{flagicon|GBR}} Graham HillPorsche 718/4 RS S 2.0 191 DNF DNF
1961{{flagicon|FRG}} Porsche System Engineering{{flagicon|USA}} Dan GurneyPorsche 718/4 RS Coupe S 2.0 262 DNF DNF
1962{{flagicon|ITA}} Scuderia SSS Republica di Venezia{{flagicon|USA}} Dan GurneyFerrari 250 TRI/61 E 3.0 30 DNF DNF
1963{{flagicon|FRG}} Porsche System Engineering{{flagicon|ZAF|1928}} Tony MaggsPorsche 718/8 GTR Coupe P 3.0 109 DNF DNF
1964{{flagicon|GBR}} Maranello Concessionaires{{flagicon|GBR}} Graham HillFerrari 330P P 5.0 3442nd2nd
1965{{flagicon|GBR}} Maranello Concessionaires Ltd.{{flagicon|GBR}} David PiperFerrari 365 P2 P 5.0 101 DNF DNF
1966{{flagicon|USA}} Chaparral Cars Inc.{{flagicon|USA}} Phil HillChaparral 2D-Chevrolet P+5.0 111 DNF DNF
1969{{flagicon|CHE}} Scuderia Filipinetti{{flagicon|USA}} Masten GregoryLola T70 Mk.IIIB-Chevrolet S 5.0 134 DNF DNF
1970{{flagicon|CHE}} Scuderia Filipinetti{{flagicon|SWE}} Reine WisellFerrari 512S S 5.0 36 DNF DNF
1972{{flagicon|CHE}} Ecurie Bonnier Switzerland{{flagicon|FRA}} Gérard Larrousse
{{flagicon|NLD}} Gijs van Lennep		Lola T280-Ford Cosworth S 3.0 213 DNF DNF
{{center|{{small|Source:[7]

References

{{commons category}}
1. ^Bonnier Seeks Grand Prix Win, Los Angeles Times, October 9, 1962, Page B2.
2. ^1968 Can-Am Stardust Grand Prix, Las Vegas {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508144334/http://wsrp.ic.cz/canam1968.html#6 |date=May 8, 2009 }}
3. ^1968 Fuji 200 World Challenge Cup {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905011153/http://wsrp.ic.cz/nonchamp1968.html#82 |date=September 5, 2009 }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://wsrp.ic.cz/tablemesport.html |title=World Sports Racing Prototypes Results website |accessdate=28 June 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116105328/http://wsrp.ic.cz/tablemesport.html |archivedate=January 16, 2014 }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.statsf1.com/en/jo-bonnier/engagement.aspx|title=Jo Bonnier – Involvement|work=statsf1.com|accessdate=January 12, 2019}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/drivers/jo-bonnier|title=Jo Bonnier – Biography|work=MotorSportMagazine|accessdate=January 12, 2019}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.racingsportscars.com/driver/results/Jo-Bonnier-S.html|title=All Results of Jo Bonnier|work=RacingSportCars|accessdate=January 12, 2019}}
{{12 Hours of Sebring winners}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bonnier, Joakim}}

20 : 1930 births|1972 deaths|Sportspeople from Stockholm|Swedish Jews|Swedish racing drivers|24 Hours of Le Mans drivers|12 Hours of Reims drivers|Swedish Formula One drivers|Racing drivers killed while racing|Sport deaths in France|Maserati Formula One drivers|Scuderia Centro Sud Formula One drivers|Ecurie Bonnier Formula One drivers|Giorgio Scarlatti Formula One drivers|BRM Formula One drivers|Porsche Formula One drivers|Rob Walker Racing Team Formula One drivers|World Sportscar Championship drivers|Bonnier family|12 Hours of Sebring drivers
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