| 词条 | Hedwigs Hill, Texas |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Hedwigs Hill, Texas |settlement_type = Unincorporated community |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = ||pushpin_map = Texas#USA |pushpin_image=Relief map of Texas.png |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Texas |pushpin_mapsize = |image_map = |map_caption = Location within Mason county |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Texas |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Mason |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2000 |population_footnotes = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = Central (CST) |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = -5 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 392 |elevation_ft = 1286 |coordinates = {{coord|30|39|57|N|99|06|43|W|region:US-TX|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = |area_code = 325 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 48-33056[1] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1379918[2] |website = |footnotes = }} Hedwigs Hill, Texas is an unincorporated farming and ranching community, established in 1853 just off U.S. Highway 87, located {{convert|5|mi}} south of Art in southern Mason County, Texas. EstablishmentHedwigs Hill was settled by German settlers Christopher Voges and Louis (Ludwig) Martin, who emigrated to Texas with the Adelsverein groups. Voges arrived at Galveston on January 2, 1846, on the Gesina [3] originally destined to settle in Comal County.[4] Martin disembarked at Galveston on November 23, 1844, from the Johann Detthard,[5] and was with the first settlers of Fredericksburg. In 1853 the Martin family moved {{convert|10|mi}} south of what is now Mason, on the banks of the Llano River. The settlement became known as Hedwigs Hill, thought to be named for Martin's mother and daughter, both of whom shared the name Hedwig.[4] John Kline was another early settler, who is thought to have built the dogtrot house later occupied by Louis Martin.[6] In 1971, Martin's home was moved to the National Ranching Heritage Center.[4] Post officeLouis Martin was the first postmaster of Hedwigs Hill in 1858, succeeded by D.B. Anderson in 1861. His nephew Charles Karl Martin became postmaster on August 21, 1861, after Texas had joined the Confederate States of America.[7] Charles was re-appointed postmaster by the Union on April 10, 1866 to service the San Antonio-El Paso Mail.[8] Conrad Gustavus became postmaster on November 23, 1866. The post office was discontinued March 17, 1868. Charles was again appointed postmaster to a re-established post office on May 18, 1874, a position he held until his 1879 death. His widow Anna Mebus Martin took over the postmaster position on December 9, 1879. John Keller became postmaster on June 14, 1899, and held the position until the post office was discontinued on April 15, 1907. Thereafter, the mail was directed to Mason.[9] CommerceBoth Martin families were farmers and ranchers, engaging in the business of freight transport. On June 16, 1864, on a freight hauling trip to Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Louis Martin and his niece's husband Eugene Frantzen had gold hidden beneath a load of bacon. They were ambushed at Eagle Pass and hanged by deserters from the Confederate States Army.[10] Anna and Charles Martin ran the community store at Hedwig Hill. When Charles became disabled because of rheumatism, Anna became the business person in the family. She grew the business and branched out into wool, cotton, barbed wire and cattle. She eventually acquired 50,000 acres in Mason, Llano and Gillespie counties, at the time making her one of the wealthiest Texans of German ancestry. Martin established the Commercial Bank of Mason in 1901, which she ran with her two sons for twenty-four years.[11] Anna Martin died on July 10, 1925, and is buried in the family cemetery at Hedwig's Hill.[12] Churches and schoolIn 1870, a Methodist Episcopal church became the first church in the area, later joined by Art Methodist Church[13] and Hilda Methodist Church.[14] The Louis Martin family was Catholic and often held services in their home.[15] Hedwig Hill had a school in the district from the late 1800s to early 1900s. Later yearsThe Hedwig population began a decline in the early 1900s, dwindling to a population of ten in the 1950s, where it remained in 2000.[4] Further reading
ClimateThe climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hedwigs Hill has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[16] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-05-14|title=American FactFinder}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 3. ^Gesina, January 2, 1846, Galveston Historical Foundation Immigration Database 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last=Hayter|first=Delmar J|title=Hedwigs Hill|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hnh16|work=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 5. ^Detthard, November 23, 1844, Galveston Historical Foundation Immigration Database 6. ^{{cite web|title=Hedwigs Hill History|url=http://voicesofthetexashills.org/vthtown0039.htm|publisher=Voices of the Texas Hills|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=Buenger|first=Walter L|title=Texas Secession|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/mgs02|work=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web|last=Austerman|first=Wayne R|title=San Antonio-El Paso Mail|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/eus01|work=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Mason County Postmasters|url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~txpost/mason.html|publisher=Jim Wheat|accessdate=21 January 2011}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Johnson|first=David D|title=The Mason County ""Hoo Doo"" War, 1874–1902|year=2006|publisher=University of North Texas Press|isbn=978-1-57441-204-8|author2=Miller, Rick|page=15}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=History Commercial Bank of Mason |url=http://www.tcbmason.com/history.htm |publisher=Commercial Bank of Mason |accessdate=22 January 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716194232/http://www.tcbmason.com/history.htm |archivedate=16 July 2011 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web|last=Large|first=Deborah S|title=Anna Henriette Mebus Martin|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fmaax|work=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Art Methodist Church|url=http://www.voicesofthetexashills.org/vthchurch0022.htm|publisher=Voices of the Texas Hills|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Hilda Methodist Church|url=http://www.voicesofthetexashills.org/vthchurch0016.htm|publisher=Voices of the Texas Hills|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Hedwigs Hill|url=http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasHillCountryTowns/Hedwigs-Hill-Texas.htm|work=Texas Escapes|publisher=Texas Escapes – Blueprints For Travel, LLC|accessdate=22 January 2011}} 16. ^Climate Summary for Hedwigs Hill, Texas Source material
External links
5 : Unincorporated communities in Mason County, Texas|Unincorporated communities in Texas|German-American history|German-American culture in Texas|Ghost towns in Central Texas |
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