}}Helicia glabriflora is a species of rainforest shrubs or small trees occurring in eastern Australia. Common names include smooth or pale helicia, pale, leather or brown oak.[2][3][4] They grow naturally in a variety of different rainforest types from the Illawarra, New South Wales (34° S) to the Townsville area, Queensland (19° S).[2][3][4][8]Of all the global diversity of approximately one hundred Helicia species, this one species naturally grows the furthest south, in the Minnamurra Rainforest and the Robertson area, Illawarra, New South Wales, there observed more on the relatively fertile basalt and alluvial soils.[4][10]
They grow up to {{Convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} tall with a stem diameter up to {{Convert|30|cm|in|abbr=on}}. The grey or brown trunk is fairly smooth, with some bumps and horizontal lines. They have leathery textured leaves, {{Convert|5|to|15|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long by {{Convert|1.5|to|4|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} wide. The leaf stems measure between 1 and 3 mm long, swollen at the base; often reduced to a pulvinus.[2][3][4][8]
The yellow or white flowers open from April to September, arranged in bottle–brush–shaped compound inflorescences. The fruit is a purple blue drupe, around {{Convert|16|mm|abbr=on}} long, maturing from April to November, with a single green seed. The flowers and fruit have the characteristic appearance of the plant family Proteaceae. The seeds are slow to germinate, usually complete after three months with a 90% success rate.[2][3][4][8]
References
1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book| last1= Cooper | first1= Wendy| last2= Cooper | first2= William T. | authorlink2= William T. Cooper|date=June 2004| contribution= Helicia glabriflora F.Muell.| contribution-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=s0JFAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Helicia+glabriflora%22| title= Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest| page= 412| place= Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia| publisher= Nokomis Editions| isbn= 9780958174213| url= http://nokomis.com.au/fruits.html| accessdate= 4 Dec 2013}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book | last1= Foreman | first1= Don B. | year= 1995 | contribution= Helicia glabriflora F.Muell. | contribution-url= http://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/online-resources/flora/stddisplay.xsql?pnid=45174 | type= online version | editor1-last= McCarthy | editor1-first= Patrick | title= Flora of Australia: Volume 16: Eleagnaceae, Proteaceae 1 | url= | series= Flora of Australia series | at= pp. 395, fig. 173, map 444 | publisher= CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study | isbn= 978-0-643-05692-3 | accessdate= 6 Dec 2013 }}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web | url= http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Helicia~glabriflora | last1= Harden | first1 = Gwen J. | year= 2001 | title= Helicia glabriflora – New South Wales Flora Online | work= PlantNET – The Plant Information Network System | location= Sydney, Australia | publisher= The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust | version= 2.0 | accessdate= 2 Nov 2013 }}
4. ^1 2 3 Floyd, A.G. (2008) Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia, Inkata Press, {{ISBN|978-0-9589436-7-3}}, page 308
5. ^1 {{Cite techreport | last1= Bofeldt | first1= Anders | year= 2011 | contribution= Table 1: Helicia glabriflora | contribution-url= http://www.landcareillawarra.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Table-1.-Plants-at-risk-in-the-Illawarra-region.pdf | title= Plants at Risk in the Illawarra: Introduction to Table 1 | url= http://www.landcareillawarra.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Intro-to-table-1-by-Anders.pdf | version= Online via LandcareIllawarra.org.au | laysummary= http://www.landcareillawarra.org.au/landcare-illawarra-projects/tribute-to-anders/ | laysource= Tribute to Anders, Landcare Illawarra | laydate= 2011 | location= NSW | publisher= | accessdate= 2 Nov 2013 }}
| accessdate= 2 Nov 2013 }}