| 词条 | Johann Deisenhofer |
| 释义 |
|name = Johann Deisenhofer |image = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|09|30}}[1] |birth_place = Zusamaltheim, Bavaria, Germany[1] |death_date = |death_place = |residence = Dallas, Texas, U.S. |citizenship = |nationality = Germany and United States |ethnicity = |field = Biophysics, Biochemistry |work_institutions = University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center[1] |alma_mater = {{Plainlist|
|doctoral_advisor = Robert Huber[1] |doctoral_students = |known_for = {{Plainlist|
|influences = |influenced = | website = {{URL|http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/deisenhofer}} |prizes = Max Delbruck Prize (1986) Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1988) |religion = }}Johann Deisenhofer (born September 30, 1943) is a German biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the first crystal structure of an integral membrane protein, a membrane-bound complex of proteins and co-factors that is essential to photosynthesis.[1][2][3][4] Early life and educationDeisenhofer earned his doctorate from the Technical University of Munich for research work done at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in Martinsried, West Germany, in 1974. He conducted research there until 1988, when he joined the scientific staff of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the faculty of the Department of Biochemistry at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. CareerTogether with Michel and Huber, Deisenhofer determined the three-dimensional structure of a protein complex found in certain photosynthetic bacteria. This membrane protein complex, called a photosynthetic reaction center, was known to play a crucial role in initiating a simple type of photosynthesis. Between 1982 and 1985, the three scientists used X-ray crystallography to determine the exact arrangement of the more than 10,000 atoms that make up the protein complex. Their research increased the general understanding of the mechanisms of photosynthesis and revealed similarities between the photosynthetic processes of plants and bacteria.[5] Deisenhofer currently serves on the board of advisors of Scientists and Engineers for America, an organization focused on promoting sound science in American government. In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.[6] He is currently a Professor at the Department of Biophysics at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.[7] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book | title = Nobel Lectures, Chemistry 1981-1990, | editor1-first = Tore | editor1-last = Frängsmyr | editor2-first = Bo G. | editor2-last = Malmström | publisher = World Scientific Publishing Co. | date = 1992 | url = https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1988/deisenhofer-bio.html | accessdate = June 24, 2014}} 2. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.4065/75.2.164| title = Johann Deisenhofer—Nobel Laureate in Chemistry| journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings| volume = 75| issue = 2| pages = 164| year = 2000| last1 = Shampo | first1 = M. A. | last2 = Kyle | first2 = R. A. | pmid=10683655}} 3. ^Biography at www.nobel.org 4. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/264415a0| pmid = 1004567| title = Crystallographic structure studies of an IgG molecule and an Fc fragment| journal = Nature| volume = 264| issue = 5585| pages = 415–20| year = 1976| last1 = Huber | first1 = R. | authorlink1 = Robert Huber| last2 = Deisenhofer | first2 = J. | authorlink2 = Johann Deisenhofer| last3 = Colman | first3 = P. M. | authorlink3 = Peter Colman| last4 = Matsushima | first4 = M. | last5 = Palm | first5 = W. }} 5. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/318618a0| title = Structure of the protein subunits in the photosynthetic reaction centre of Rhodopseudomonas viridis at 3Å resolution| journal = Nature| volume = 318| issue = 6047| pages = 618–624| year = 1985| last1 = Deisenhofer | first1 = J.| authorlink1 = Johann Deisenhofer| last2 = Epp | first2 = O.| last3 = Miki | first3 = K.| last4 = Huber | first4 = R.| authorlink4 = Robert Huber| last5 = Michel | first5 = H.| authorlink5 = Hartmut Michel}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americanhumanist.org/Humanism/Humanist_Manifesto_III/Notable_Signers |title=Notable Signers |publisher=American Humanist Association |work=Humanism and Its Aspirations |accessdate=October 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005105825/http://www.americanhumanist.org/Humanism/Humanist_Manifesto_III/Notable_Signers |archivedate=October 5, 2012 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/11743/johann-deisenhofer.html | title=Johann Deisenhofer, Ph.D. - Faculty Profile - UT Southwestern | accessdate=June 24, 2014}} External links{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 1976-2000}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Deisenhofer, Johann}} 13 : 1943 births|German biochemists|German biophysicists|German Nobel laureates|Howard Hughes Medical Investigators|Living people|Max Planck Society people|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Nobel laureates in Chemistry|Technical University of Munich alumni|University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center faculty|Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Researchers of photosynthesis |
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