| 释义 |
- Chemistry
- Mathematics
- Medicine
- Palaeontology
- Technology
- Higher Education
- Awards
- Births
- Deaths
- References
{{Year nav topic5|1829|science}}The year 1829 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Chemistry- Isaac Holden produces a form of friction match.
Mathematics- Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet publishes a memoir giving the Dirichlet conditions, showing for which functions the convergence of the Fourier series holds; introducing Dirichlet's test for the convergence of series; the Dirichlet function as an example that not any function is integrable; and, in the proof of the theorem for the Fourier series, the Dirichlet kernel and Dirichlet integral.[1] He also introduces a general modern concept for a function.[2]
- Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky publishes his work on hyperbolic non-Euclidean geometry.[3]
- S. D. Poisson publishes Sur l'attraction des sphéroides.
Medicine- Dr Benjamin Guy Babington makes the first known use of a laryngoscope.[4]
Palaeontology- Jules Desnoyers names the Quaternary period.
- Philippe-Charles Schmerling discovers a Neandertal fossil, the partial cranium of a small child.
Technology- May – Cyrill Demian patents a version of the accordion in Vienna.
- June 30 – Henry Robinson Palmer files a British patent application for corrugated iron for use in buildings.[5]
- July 23 – In the United States, William Burt obtains the first patent for a form of typewriter, the typographer.[6]
- October 6–14 – The Rainhill Trials, a steam locomotive competition, are run in England and won by Stephenson's Rocket.
- December 19 – Charles Wheatstone patents the concertina in Britain.
- Louis Braille publishes the first description of his method of embossed printing that allows the visually impaired to read.[7]
Higher Education- Chalmers University of Technology founded in Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Technical University of Denmark (originally named 'College of Advanced Technology') founded in Copenhagen, Denmark.
- University of Stuttgart founded in Stuttgart, Germany.
- Ecole Centrale Paris (originally named 'École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures') founded in Paris, France.
Awards- Copley Medal: not awarded
Births- February 2
- Alfred Brehm (died 1884), German zoologist.
- William Stanley (died 1909), English inventor.
- March 23 – N. R. Pogson (died 1891 in science), English-born astronomer.
- April 28 – Charles Bourseul (died 1912), Belgian-born telegraph engineer.
- April 30 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter (died 1884), German-born geologist.
- August 13 (O.S. August 1) – Ivan Sechenov (died 1905), "the father of Russian physiology".
- August 23 – Moritz Cantor (died 1920), German historian of mathematics.
- August 24 - Emanuella Carlbeck (died 1901), Swedish pioneer in the education of students with intellectual disability.
- September 7 – August Kekulé (died 1896), German chemist.
- September 30
- Franz Reuleaux (died 1905), German mechanical engineer.
- Joseph Wolstenholme (died 1891), English mathematician.
- October 15 - Asaph Hall (died 1907), American astronomer.
- November 4 - Hanna Hammarström (died 1909), Swedish inventor.
Deaths- March 1 – Thomas Earnshaw (born 1749), watchmaker.
- April 6 – Niels Henrik Abel (born 1802), mathematician.
- May 10 – Thomas Young (born 1773), physicist.
- May 29 – Humphry Davy (born 1778), chemist.
- June 29 – James Smithson (born 1764), mineralogist, chemist and benefactor.
- November 14 – Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (born 1763), chemist.
- October 10 – Maria Elizabetha Jacson (born 1755), botanist.
- December 28 – Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (born 1744), naturalist.
- undated - Huang Lü, Chinese scientist.
References1. ^{{cite book|last=Bressoud|first=David M.|title=A radical approach to real analysis|edition=2nd|year=2007|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|location=[Washington, D.C.]|isbn=978-0-88385-747-2|pages=218–227}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last=Elstrodt|first=Jürgen|journal=Clay Mathematics Proceedings|title=The Life and Work of Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859)|volume=7|year=2007|url=http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/tschinkel/gauss-dirichlet/elstrodt-new.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2011-10-20}}
3. ^{{cite book|pages=108–111|first=Tony|last=Crilly|title=50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know|location=London|publisher=Quercus|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84724-008-8}}
4. ^{{cite journal|first=Teresa|last=Radomski|title=Manuel García (1805–1906): a bicentenary reflection|journal=Australian Voice|volume=11|pages=25–41|year=2005|format=PDF|url=http://www.harmonicorde.com/Radomski%20Australian%20Voice.pdf|accessdate=2012-02-07}}
5. ^{{cite book|first=Nick|last=Thomson|title=Corrugated Iron Buildings|location=Oxford|publisher=Shire Publications|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7478-0783-4|pages=7–8}}
6. ^U.S. Patent 5581X.
7. ^Procédé pour écrire les Paroles, la Musique et le Plain-chant au moyen de points, à l'usage des Aveugles et disposés pour eux. Paris.
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