| 词条 | John Byron, 1st Baron Byron |
| 释义 |
| name = John Byron | reign = 1643–1652 | title = 1st Baron Byron | image = John1stLordByron.jpg | caption = John Byron, 1st Lord Byron | predecessor = New creation | successor = Richard Byron | noble family = Byron | father = John Byron | mother = Anne Molyneux | spouse = Cecilia West, Eleanor Needham | birth_date = 1599 | birth_place = Newstead, Nottinghamshire | death_date = 23 August 1652 (aged 53) | death_place = Paris }} John Byron, 1st Baron Byron KB (1599, Newstead, Nottinghamshire – 23 August 1652, Paris) was an English nobleman, Royalist, politician, peer, knight, and supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War. LifeByron was the son of Sir John Byron (died 1623) and Anne Molyneux. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge.[1] He succeeded his father in 1625. He was elected as MP for Nottingham in 1624 and 1626. He was knighted (KB) in 1626 and was then elected as knight of the shire (MP) for Nottinghamshire in 1628. He also served as High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire for 1634 and then as Lieutenant of the Tower of London, from December 1641 to February 1642. When the Civil War started, he joined the king at York. He was engaged on the Royalists' cause throughout the Civil Wars and afterwards. After Byron distinguished himself at the First Battle of Newbury King Charles created him Baron Byron in October 1643 and made him commander of the Royalist forces in Lancashire and Cheshire. However he was defeated at the Battle of Nantwich in 1644 and forced to withdraw to Chester. He then marched with Prince Rupert’s forces into Yorkshire and commanded the royalist right flank at the Battle of Marston Moor in July 1644, but after his troops were routed by numerically superior parliamentarian forces he retreated to Carnarvon and resigned his command. He did, however, defend Carnarvon Castle ably for the Royalist cause, withstanding long sieges before finally surrendering it to Parliamentary forces in 1646. Lord Byron died in 1652, childless, in exile in Paris, and was succeeded by his next eldest brother Richard Byron, 2nd Baron Byron (born 1606). FamilyLord Byron married firstly Cecilia West, daughter of Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr and secondly Eleanor Needham (1627–1664) daughter of Robert Needham, 2nd Viscount Kilmorey. Eleanor was famous for her beauty; Peter Lely painted her as St. Catherine, as depicted [https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/eleanor-needham-c-162716631664-lady-byron-as-saint-catherine-103864 here]; and according to the diarist Samuel Pepys she was the 17th mistress of Charles II.{{sfn|Wheatley|1893|loc=Diary of Samuel Pepys: 26 April 1667 & endnote 6}} Notes1. ^{{acad|id=BRN615J|name=Byron, John}} References
External links
| title=Member of Parliament for Nottingham | before= Michael Purefoy | before2= George Lascelles | with= Sir Charles Cavendish | years=1624–1625 | after= Robert Greaves | after2= John Martyn }}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Nottingham | before= Robert Greaves | before2= John Martyn | with= Sir Gervase Clifton | years=1626 | after= Sir Charles Cavendish | after2= Viscount Newark }}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Nottinghamshire | before= Sir Henry Stanhope | before2= Sir Thomas Hutchinson | with= Sir Gervase Clifton | years=1628–1629 | after= Parliament suspended until 1640 }}{{s-reg|en}}{{s-new|Creation}}{{s-ttl| title=Baron Byron | years=1643–1652}}{{s-aft|after=Richard Byron }}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Byron, John Byron, 1st Baron}} 13 : Barons in the Peerage of England|1599 births|1652 deaths|16th-century English people|17th-century English nobility|People from Newstead, Nottinghamshire|Cavaliers|Byron family|High Sheriffs of Nottinghamshire|English MPs 1624–1625|English MPs 1626|English MPs 1628–1629|Lieutenants of the Tower of London |
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