| 词条 | Himadri Station |
| 释义 |
| name = Himadri | native_name = Himadri | native_name_lang = | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = Research station | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = Svalbard | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|78|55|N|11|56|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | established_date = 1 July 2008 | founder = | named_for = Himadri Range of Himalayas | government_type = Polar Research Organisation | governing_body = National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Now National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research | demographics1_title1 = Official | website = | footnotes = }} Himadri Station is India's first Arctic research station[1] located at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway. It is located at the International Arctic Research base, Ny-Ålesund. It was inaugurated on the 1st of July, 2008 by the Minister of Earth Sciences.[2] It was set up during India's second Arctic expedition in June 2008.[3] It is located at a distance of {{convert|1200|km|mi}} from the North Pole.[4] Research GoalsThe Himadri's functions include long term monitoring of the fjord (Kongsfjorden) dynamics, and atmospheric research.[5] The primary goals of India's research includes research on aerosol radiation, space weather, food-web dynamics, microbial communities, glaciers, sedimentology, and carbon recycling.[6] The research base has devoted time for the research of governance and policy of the Arctic. India has prioritised research and study in the fields of genetics, glaciology, geology, pollution in the atmosphere, and space weather among other fields.[7] In 2012–2013, a total of 25 scientists visited the base which was staffed for 185 days to carry out studies under 10 distinct projects.[8] Strategic InterestsThe United States Geological Survey estimates that 22% of the world's oil and natural gas could be located beneath the Arctic.[9] India's ONGC Videsh is reported to be interested in joint-venture with Russia for oil exploration[10] and has reportedly requested Rosneft for stake in a project.[11] In addition, using Arctic sea lanes for shipping would reduce voyage times by 40% compared to Indian, Pacific or Atlantic Ocean routes.[10] On 15 May 2013, India was made a permanent observer at the Arctic Council.[12] India is the 11th country after Britain, Germany, France, Italy, China, Japan, South Korea, The Netherlands, Sweden and Norway to set up a permanent research station in Ny-Ålesund.[13] DescriptionThe station was set up in a refurbished two floored building with four bedrooms. The building has an area of {{convert|220|m2|abbr=on}}[14] and has other facilities including a computer room, store room, drawing room and internet. It can host eight scientists at normal conditions.[13] The crew of the station are given training in shooting with rifles to protect themselves from polar bears.[13] New research in Arctic IndARCEstablished in August 2014. Designed and developed by scientists from the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) and National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), the observatory has been deployed in the Kongsfjorden fjord of the Arctic, roughly halfway between Norway and the North Pole is named "IndARC" [15] See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/07/02/stories/2008070253572000.htm |title=New Indian research station at the Arctic |date=2 July 2008 |accessdate=2014-04-29 |work=The Hindu |first=Sunderarajan |last=P |location=New Delhi}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=Research Base "Himadri" |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=61452 |date=5 May 2010|agency=Press Information Bureau|work=Ministry of Earth Sciences|accessdate=Apr 29, 2014}} 3. ^{{Cite web |title=Annual Report 2009-2010 |url=http://dod.nic.in/AnnualReport/AR2009-2010.pdf |work=Ministry of Earth Sciences |publisher=Department of Ocean Development |origyear=2009 |accessdate=Apr 14, 2014 |year=2009|type=PDF}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=India gives leg-up to Arctic research |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/newdelhi/india-gives-leg-up-to-arctic-research/article1-1074187.aspx |first=Jayanth |last=Jacob |date=10 June 2013 |agency=The Hindustan Times|location=New Delhi|accessdate=Apr 29, 2014}} 5. ^{{Cite web |title=Annual Report 2010-2011 |url=http://dod.nic.in/AnnualReport/AR2010-2011.pdf |work=Ministry of Earth Sciences |publisher=Department of Ocean Development |origyear=2010 |accessdate=Apr 14, 2014 |year=2010|type=PDF}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Jon Børre Ørbæk |title=Svalbard Integrated Earth Observing System (SIOS) opportunities for pan-Arctic Observations and Collaboration |url=http://ec.europa.eu/research/infrastructures/pdf/arctic-marine-workshop/S3_Status_Orbaek_SIOS_Rome17Sep2013.pdf |publisher=Research Council Norway |accessdate=29 April 2014|date=17–18 September 2013}} 7. ^{{Cite web |title=Asian Arctic Research 2005-2012: |url=http://www.fni.no/doc&pdf/FNI-R0313.pdf |first=Iselin |last=Stensdal |publisher=Fridtjof Nansen Institute |accessdate=May 2, 2014 |year=2013 |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503010758/http://www.fni.no/doc%26pdf/FNI-R0313.pdf |archivedate=May 3, 2014 |df= }} 8. ^{{Cite web|title=The French-German Arctic Research Base AWIPEV winter 2012/ 13 |url=http://nysmac.npolar.no/38-Meeting-Krakow/StatusReports38.pdf |date=April 2013 |publisher=NySMAC |accessdate=May 3, 2014 |format=PDF |page=38 }} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Strategic Importance of the Arctic in U.S. Policy|url=http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2009_hr/arctic.pdf|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|accessdate=29 April 2014}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|last=Devirupa Mitra|title=Taking cue from China, India eyeing Arctic region|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/article1282303.ece|publisher=New Indian Express|accessdate=29 April 2014|date=2 October 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web|last=Kabir Taneja|title=India pushes for visibility in Arctic|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/business/india-pushes-for-visibility-in-arctic|publisher=The Sunday Guardian|accessdate=29 April 2014|date=15 June 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|last=Meena Menon, Sandeep Dikshit|title=India gets observer status in Arctic Council|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/world/india-gets-observer-status-in-arctic-council/article4717770.ece|publisher=The Hindu|accessdate=29 April 2014|date=15 May 2013}} 13. ^1 2 {{cite web|last=P. Sunderarajan|title=New Indian research station at the Arctic|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/new-indian-research-station-at-the-arctic/article1288155.ece|publisher=The Hindu|accessdate=6 May 2014|date=July 2, 2008}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Ny Alesund Science Plan|url=http://www.ncaor.gov.in/arctics/display/123-ny-alesund-science-plan|publisher=National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR)|accessdate=6 May 2014}} 15. ^http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/India-Deploys-First-Ocean-Moored-Observatory-in-Arctic/2014/08/03/article2362075.ece External links
5 : Arctic research|Research stations|Research in India|Science and technology in Svalbard|Ny-Ålesund |
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