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John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower (August 3, 1922 – December 21, 2013) was a United States Army officer, diplomat, and military historian. The son of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, his decorated military career spanned from before, during, and after his father's presidency, and he would retire from active duty in 1963 and then altogether in 1974. From 1969 to 1971, he served as United States Ambassador to Belgium during the administration of President Richard Nixon, previously his father's Vice President.

Early life and education

Eisenhower was born on August 3, 1922 in Denver, Colorado to future U.S. President and United States Army General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower and his wife, Mamie; he was their second child. Their elder son, Doud, known affectionately as "Icky", died in 1921, at age three, after contracting scarlet fever. Eisenhower, like his father, attended the United States Military Academy, graduating on June 6, 1944, the day of the Normandy landings, which his father was commanding.^[1]

Military career

Eisenhower served in the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War, remaining on active duty until 1963; then serving in the U.S. Army Reserve until retirement in 1975 – attaining the rank of brigadier general.^[2] A decorated soldier, Eisenhower found his World War II military career thwarted by fears for his safety and concern from the top brass that his death or capture would be a distraction to his father, the Supreme Allied Commander. During World War II, he was assigned to intelligence and administrative duties. This issue arose again in 1952 when Major Eisenhower was assigned to fight in a combat unit in Korea while his father ran for President. But unlike World War II, John was able to see combat in Korea.^[3] After serving combat with an infantry battalion, he was reassigned to the 3rd Division headquarters.

Government career

During his father's presidency, John Eisenhower served as Assistant Staff Secretary in the White House, on the Army's General Staff, and in the White House as assistant to General Andrew Goodpaster.

In the administration of President Richard Nixon, who had been his father's Vice President, he served as U.S. Ambassador to Belgium from 1969 to 1971. In 1972, President Nixon appointed Eisenhower Chairman of the Interagency Classification Review Committee.^[4] In 1975, he served President Gerald Ford as chairman of the President's Advisory Committee on Refugees.^[5]

Later life and writing

As a military historian, Eisenhower wrote several books, including The Bitter Woods, a study of the Battle of the Bulge, and So Far from God, a history of the Mexican–American War. In a New York Times review of the latter, historian Stephen W. Sears remarked that Eisenhower "writes briskly and authoritatively, and his judgments are worth reading."^[6] Eisenhower wrote Zachary Taylor: The American Presidents Series: The 12th President, 1849-1850 (2008).^[7]^[8] John Eisenhower also wrote the forewords to Borrowed Soldiers, by Mitchell Yockelson of the U.S. National Archives, and to Kenneth W. Rendell's Politics, War and Personality: 50 Iconic Documents of World War II.

In later years, he had been an opponent of Frank Gehry's proposed design for the National Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial, which he said was "too extravagant" and "attempts to do too much."^[9]

Presidential elections

A lifelong Republican, Eisenhower voted for Democrat John Kerry in the 2004 Presidential election, citing dissatisfaction with Republican incumbent George W. Bush's management of U.S. foreign policy.^[10]

During the 2008 presidential election, in which presidential candidate John McCain and vice presidential candidates Sarah Palin and Joe Biden all had children enlisted in the armed forces, he wrote about his wartime experience as the son of a sitting President in an cautionary opinion piece in The New York Times entitled "Presidential Children Don't Belong in Battle".^[11]

Death

He died at Trappe, Maryland on December 21, 2013.^[12] From the death of John Coolidge in 2000 until his own death, Eisenhower was the oldest living presidential child.^[13] His burial was at West Point Cemetery on the grounds of the United States Military Academy.

Marriage and children

Eisenhower married Barbara Jean Thompson on June 10, 1947, only a few days before her twenty-first birthday. Barbara was born on June 15, 1926, in Fort Knox, Kentucky, into an Army family. She was the daughter of Col. Percy Walter Thompson (November 8, 1898 – June 19, 1974) by his wife Beatrice (née Birchfield). Col. Thompson was commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces. The Eisenhowers had four children:

All of his daughters were presented as debutantes to high society at the prestigious International Debutante Ball at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.^[14]

John and Barbara divorced in 1986 after thirty-nine years of marriage. In 1988, Barbara married widower Edwin J. Foltz, a former Vice President at the Campbell Soup Company. She died on September 19, 2014, in Gladwyne, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.

In 1988, Eisenhower married Joanne Thompson. He lived in Trappe, Maryland, after moving there from Kimberton, Pennsylvania.^[15]

Military awards

Other honors

The city of Marshfield, Missouri chose Eisenhower as a 2008 honoree of the Edwin P. Hubble Medal of Initiative.^[16] His grandson, Merrill Eisenhower Atwater spoke on his behalf at Marshfield's annual Cherry Blossom Festival. The medal recognizes individuals who demonstrate great initiative in their chosen field.

Dates of rank

Family tree

See also

Bibliography

Notes

1. ^'John Eisenhower, Military Historian and Son of the President, Dies at 91,' New York Times, Richard Goldstein, December 22. 2013
2. ^{{cite web|accessdate=|url=http://www.accuracyproject.org/cbe-Eisenhower,JohnSheldonDoud.html|title=John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower|work=Internet Accuracy Project}}
3. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.timesunion.com/news/amp/Obituary-Eisenhower-s-son-John-at-91-5086981.php |title=Obituary: Eisenhower's son John, at 91 |newspaper=New York Times |date=December 22, 2013 |access-date=November 27, 2017 |via=Times Union }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/isoo/about/history.html |title=History of the Information Security Oversight Office |accessdate=March 23, 2009 |work=www.archives.gov |publisher=The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration }}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=4924 |title=Remarks Upon Establishing the President's Advisory Committee on Refugees |accessdate=March 23, 2009 |work=The American Presidency Project |last=Woolley |first=John T. |author2=Gerhard Peters |publisher=University of California |location=Santa Barbara, California }}
6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/04/02/books/land-grab-on-the-rio-grande.html?scp=2&sq=so%20far%20from%20god:%20the%20u.s.%20war&st=cse|title=Land Grab on the Rio Grande|author=Stephen W. Sears|date=April 2, 1989|work=New York Times}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Zachary-Taylor-Presidents-President-1849-1850/dp/0805082379|title=Zachary Taylor: The American Presidents Series: The 12th President, 1849-1850|last=Eisenhower|first=John S. D.|date=2008-05-27|publisher=Times Books|isbn=9780805082371|editor-last=Jr|editor-first=Arthur M. Schlesinger|location=New York|language=English|editor-last2=Wilentz|editor-first2=Sean}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/opinion/28eisenhower.html|title=Opinion {{!}} The children of presidents and vice presidents shouldn’t be in combat.|last=Eisenhower|first=John S. D.|date=2008-09-27|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-03-30|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}
9. ^{{cite news|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/eisenhower-memorial-approval-delayed-2013|title=Eisenhower Memorial Approval Delayed Into 2013|last=Zongker|first=Brett|date=November 16, 2013|publisher=Associated Press}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ksdp.org/node/383|title=Why I Will Vote for John Kerry for President|last=Eisenhower|first=John|date=September 28, 2004|work=The Manchester Union Leader|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061215160829/https://www.ksdp.org/node/383|archivedate=December 15, 2006|deadurl=yes|accessdate=May 19, 2007|df=mdy-all}}
11. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/opinion/28eisenhower.html|title=Presidential Children Don't Belong in Battle|last=Eisenhower|first=John|date=September 27, 2008|work=The New York Times|accessdate=September 28, 2008}}
12. ^{{cite news |last=Goldstein |first=Richard |title=John Eisenhower, Military Historian and Son of the President, Dies at 91 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/23/us/john-eisenhower-historian-and-son-of-the-president-dies-at-91.html?pagewanted=all |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=December 22, 2013}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/blogs/sideshow/former-president-john-tyler-1790-1862-grandchildren-still-191230189.html |title=Former President John Tyler's (1790–1862) grandchildren still alive |date=January 25, 2012 |accessdate=January 25, 2012}} If Elizabeth Ann Blaesing was actually Warren Harding's daughter, she would have been the oldest surviving presidential child from 1995 to her death in 2005, at which point John Eisenhower would have become the oldest.
14. ^{{cite web |last1=Times |first1=NY |title=Eisenhower Gathering Marks Debutante Ball |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/29/archives/eisenhower-gathering-marks-debutante-ball.html |publisher=New York Times |accessdate=12 June 2018}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.accuracyproject.org/cbe-Eisenhower,JohnSheldonDoud.html|title=John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower|publisher=Internet Accuracy Project|accessdate=November 26, 2012}}
16. ^"Hubble Medal of Initiative." Marshfield Missouri Cherry Blossom Festival. Retrieved March 4, 2011.
17. ^Official Register of Commissioned Officers of the United States Army, 1948. Vol. I. pg. 528.