“HMS Admiral Rainier (1800)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

HMS Admiral Rainier was a Dutch 16-gun brig that the British captured on 23 August 1800 at Kuyper's Island, Java.^[2] They took her into service and named her after Admiral Peter Rainier, the leader of the British expedition. After the British sold her in 1803 apparently the French captured her in 1804 and sold her to the Dutch colonial government in Batavia for anti-piracy patrol. Her Javanese crew mutinied in 1806 and eventually sailed to Penang where vessels of the British East India Company (EIC) seized the vessel. She returned to British service, only to be captured and recaptured by vessels of the EIC. Her ultimate fate is unknown.

Capture and British service

On 23 August 1800 Sybille, {{HMS|Daedalus|1780|2}}, {{HMS|Centurion|1774|2}}, and {{HMS|Braave|1796|2}} entered Batavia Roads and captured five Dutch armed vessels in all and destroyed 22 other vessels.^[4]

Captain Henry Lidgbird Ball of Daedalus ordered her manned, armed and equipped.^[6] Admiral Rainier was commissioned under Lieutenant William Hugh Dobbie of Centurion.^[7] She was armed with 14 guns, a mix of 6-pounders and 4-pounders.^[8]

The British employed her in the blockade of Batavia.^[7] On 28 October Admiral Rainier went up the Carawang river with seven armed boats of the squadron to destroy a depot of grain.^[6]^[9] She accomplished the task after destroying five proas protecting the place.^[6] The British carried off three gunboats, together with the commandant's accommodation boat and three large proas laden with coffee.^[6] British losses were two killed and six wounded.^[9]

In 1802 Wellesley, the Governor-General of India, recalled the squadron. The vessels were needed in India for the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805). At the recall, Lieutenant Dobbie returned to Centurion;^[7] By 26 February 1803 Dobbie was acting commander of the EIC's brig Ternate and about to attack pirates at "Baite Island" off the coast of Gujarat.^[10] Admiral Rainier was sold in September 1803.

Franco-Dutch service

The French squadron operating in the Indian Ocean under the command of Rear Admiral Linois, captured two brigs in February 1804 and sent them in to Batavia: a 16-gun brig called Admiral Rainier (1 February), and the Henrietta of 12 guns and fourteen 24-pounder carronades (12 February ).^[11] The two prizes arrived at Batavia where Linois was in a hurry to sell them. He therefore accepted a price from the "shabendar" of 133,000 piastres for both vessels and their cargoes.^[12] Admiral Rainier was taken into local colonial service as Admiraal Rainier under Captain-lieutenant Etienne Couderc.^[13]^[14]

The Dutch immediately put Admiraal Rainier to use patrolling off Batavia. Towards the end of May, under 1st Lieut. H.D. Andreae, she patrolled the Karimunjawa islands to suppress piracy. Her crew consisted of 24 European sailors, 15 marines and 58 Javanese.^[13]

In January 1805 she was decommissioned due to a shortage of seamen. Still, in April 1806 she departed to patrol off the north coast of Java. Her commanding officer was Captain-lieutenant Christiaan Monkenberg. On board were 12 Europeans and 36 Javanese. During the night of 28–29 April the Javanese mutinied and murdered the Europeans, throwing their bodies overboard. A native quartermaster then took command and sailed Admiraal Rainier first to Borneo and then to the Riau Archipelago, now part of the Indonesia province of Riau Islands. Unable to join up with any pirates, and running out of stores, the brig sailed to Penang. Apparently, there the British seized her.^[13]

The officers and men of the EIC's ships {{ship||Lord Keith|1804 ship|2}} and Dover Castle received salvage money in October 1810 for the recapture of Admiral Rainier on 31 December 1806,^[16] as did Ocean.^[17]

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

1. ^Phipps (1840), p.138.
2. ^Also referred to as Cooper's Island. This is one of a group of four islands that are themselves part of the 105 islands and over 200 islets that make up the Thousand Islands (Kepulauan Seribu). Kuyper's Island's name became Cipir Island (Pulau Cipir) and recently, Kahyangan Island (Pulau Kahyangan). It is a companion to Onrust Island (Palau Onrust or Palau Damar Besar), which was the site of a major shipyard and fort that had belonged to the by then defunct Dutch East India Company. At one point a narrow bridge linked the two islands.
3. ^Some accounts place the captures at Onrust Island.
4. ^¹Winfield (2008), pp.160–1.
5. ^Milo (June 1941) reports that the British captured the newly constructed brig Ajax. This would then probably be the vessel that became the Admiral Rainier.
6. ^¹²³⁴{{London Gazette|issue=15427|date=14 November 1801|pages=1372–1373}}
7. ^¹²The gentleman's magazine, and historical chronicle, Volume 100, Part 2, pp.181–2.
8. ^Winfield (2008), p.290.
9. ^¹Marshall (1827), Supplement 1, pp.142–3.
10. ^Marshall (1823-35), Supplement 1, pp.144-145.
11. ^Austen (1935), p.115.
12. ^Stewarton (1806). p.242.
13. ^¹²Milo (1942); van Maanen (2008)
14. ^Roche (2005) has no mention of any such vessel in French service but that is not surprising as she was probably never in service before she was sold locally.
15. ^Lloyd's List, No. 4180, - accessed 1 February 2014.
16. ^{{London Gazette|issue=16409|date=29 September 1810|page=1544}}
17. ^{{London Gazette|issue=16410|date=2 October 1810|pages=1568–1569}}

Capture and British service

Franco-Dutch service

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

Citations

References

External links