“HMS Daring (H16)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

HMS Daring (H16)

释义

Description
Career
Notes
References

{{other ships|HMS Daring}}{{good article}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}{{Use British English|date=August 2017}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=DARING (H16).jpg

Ship caption=HMS Daring in pre-war China Station white paint
}}{{Infobox ship career

Hide header=

Ship country=United Kingdom

UK|naval}}

Ship name=HMS Daring

Ship ordered=2 February 1931

Ship awarded=

Ship builder=John I Thornycroft, Southampton

Ship laid down=18 June 1931

Ship launched=7 April 1932

Ship christened=

Ship original cost=£225,536

Ship commissioned=25 November 1932

Ship fate=Torpedoed and sunk, 18 February 1940

Ship motto=*Splendide audax

("Finely Daring")

Ship nickname=

Ship badge=*On a Field Black, an arm and a hand in a cresset of fire all Proper

Ship notes=Pennant number H16
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=as built

Ship class=D-class destroyer

1375|LT|t|abbr=on}} (standard)

{{convert|1890|LT|t|abbr=on}} (deep load)

329|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} o/a

33|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}

12|ft|6|in|m|1|abbr=on}}

36000|shp|kW|lk=in|abbr=on}}

Ship propulsion=*2 × shafts

2 × Parsons geared steam turbines
3 × Admiralty 3-drum boilers

36|kn|lk=in}}

5870|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}

Ship complement=145

Ship sensors=ASDIC

Ship armament=*4 × 1 - 4.7-inch Mk IX guns

1 × QF 3 inch 20 cwt anti-aircraft gun
2 × 1 - QF 2-pounder Mk II guns
2 × 4 - 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes
20 × depth charges, 1 rail and 2 throwers

}}

HMS Daring was a D-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s. The ship spent the bulk of her career on the China Station. She was briefly commanded by Louis Mountbatten before World War II. Daring escorted convoys in the Red Sea in October–November 1939 and then returned to the UK in January 1940 for the first time in five years. While escorting a convoy from Norway, she was sunk by the {{ship|German submarine|U-23|1936|6}} in February 1940.

Description

Daring displaced {{convert|1375|LT|t}} at standard load and {{convert|1890|LT|t}} at deep load. The ship had an overall length of {{convert|329|ft|m|1}}, a beam of {{convert|33|ft|m|1}} and a draught of {{convert|12|ft|6|in|m|1}}. She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines, driving two shafts, which developed a total of {{convert|36000|shp|lk=in}} and gave a maximum speed of {{convert|36|kn|lk=in}}. Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3-drum water-tube boilers. Daring carried a maximum of {{convert|473|LT|t}} of fuel oil that gave her a range of {{convert|5870|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}. The ship's complement was 145 officers and men.^[1]

The ship mounted four 45-calibre 4.7-inch Mk IX guns in single mounts. For anti-aircraft (AA) defence, Daring had a single 3-inch (76.2 mm) QF gun between her funnels and two {{convert|40|mm|1|adj=on}} QF 2-pounder Mk II guns mounted on the side of her bridge. She was fitted with two above-water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for 21-inch torpedoes.^[2] One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted; 20 depth charges were originally carried, but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began.^[3]

Career

Daring was ordered on 2 February 1931 under the 1930 Naval Estimates, and was laid down at John I Thornycroft's yard at Woolston, Southampton on 18 June 1931. She was launched on 7 April 1932 and completed on 25 November 1932, at a total cost of £225,536, excluding equipment supplied by the Admiralty, such as weapons, ammunition and wireless equipment. The ship was initially assigned to the 1st Destroyer Flotilla in the Mediterranean and made a brief deployment to the Persian Gulf and Red Sea in September–October 1933.^[4] Lord Louis Mountbatten assumed command on 29 April 1934,^[5] and Daring was given a refit at Sheerness Dockyard from 3 September to 24 October to prepare the ship for service on the China Station.^[6]

In December 1934 she sailed to join the 8th Destroyer Flotilla in the Far East and served there until the outbreak of war. Upon the ship's arrival at Singapore, Lord Mountbatten was transferred to command {{HMS|Wishart|D67|6}} and Commander Geoffrey Barnard assumed command.^[6]^[7]

The ship and her sisters {{HMS|Duncan|D99|2}}, {{HMS|Diana|H49|2}}, and {{HMS|Dainty|H53|2}} were transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet shortly before World War II began in September 1939. Daring was kept in the Red Sea for escort and patrol work until November 1939. She was overhauled in Malta from 25 November to 20 December. The ship escorted the Union-Castle Line ocean liner SS Dunnottar Castle to Belfast in early 1940 and was under repair at Portsmouth until 25 January. Daring joined the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla in Scapa Flow on 10 February 1940 for escort duties. While escorting Convoy HN12 from Norway, she was torpedoed on 18 February in position {{coord|58|39|N|01|40|W|display=title,inline}} by U-23, under the command of Otto Kretschmer. Daring capsized and sank very quickly after having her stern blown off; 157 of the ship's company were lost. The five survivors were rescued by the submarine {{HMS|Thistle|N24|6}}, which had witnessed the attack.^[8]

A model of HMS Daring by Norman A. Ough is held by the National Maritime Museum.^[9]

Notes

1. ^Whitley, p. 102
2. ^Friedman, pp. 215, 299
3. ^English, p. 141
4. ^English, pp. 51, 54
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.navyhistory.org.au/destroyer-design-hms-kelly/|publisher=Naval Historical Society of Australia|title=Destroyer Design — HMS Kelly|accessdate=7 April 2011}}
6. ^¹English, p. 54
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/BARNARD.shtml|title=Survey of the Papers of Senior UK Defence Personnel, 1900-1975|publisher=King's College London: Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives|accessdate=7 April 2011}}
8. ^English, pp. 52, 54
9. ^{{cite web|website=Royal Museums Greenwich|title=Norman Ough's HMS Daring|url=http://prints.rmg.co.uk/art/516090/hms-daring-br-1932}}

References

{{cite book|last=English|first=John|title=Amazon to Ivanhoe: British Standard Destroyers of the 1930s|year=1993|publisher=World Ship Society|location=Kendal, England|isbn=0-905617-64-9}}
{{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers From Earliest Days to the Second World War|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=2009|isbn=978-1-59114-081-8}}
{{cite book|last=Lenton|first=H. T.|title=British & Commonwealth Warships of the Second World War|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=1998|isbn=1-55750-048-7}}
{{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War 2|publisher=Naval Institute Press|date=1988|isbn=0-87021-326-1|location=Annapolis, Maryland}}

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。