| 词条 | HMS Falcon (1802) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Diadem was launched in 1798. The Admiralty renamed her HMS Falcon after purchasing her in 1801 to avoid confusion with the pre-existing third rate {{HMS|Diadem|1782|2}}. Falcon served in the north Atlantic and the Channel, and then in Danish waters during the Gunboat War. She was sold in 1816. Her new owner sailed her to the Indies under a license from the British East India Company. She was wrecked in 1820 at Batavia. HMS1801 to 1806Commander James Nash commissioned Falcon in February 1801.[3] His replacement, in 1802, was Commander Henry M. Ommaney, who sailed her to Newfoundland.[4] Near Newfoundland, Falcon captured two prizes – Caroline on 17 July 1803,[5] and on 28 July the apparently British-built Mercure.[6] Commander George Sanders took over command in Newfoundland February 1804.[4] Early in 1804 Falcon was refitting in Plymouth, before going on to serve in the Channel, where she engaged shore batteries at Le Havre. Falcon was also awarded prize money for the recapture, on 3 November, of the sloop John and Thomas.[7] Falcon then operated in the North Sea. On 10 June 1805, Falcon, with Chiffone, Clinker, and Frances chased a French convoy for nine hours until the convoy took shelter under the guns of Fécamp. The convoy consisted of two corvettes (Foudre under capitaine de vaisseau Jacques-Felix-Emmanuel Hemelin, and Audacieuse, under Lieutenant Dominique Roquebert), four large gunvessels and eight others, and 14 transports. The British suffered some casualties from gunfire from shore batteries, with Falcon suffering four men wounded and some damage to her rigging.[8] In company with Chiffone, {{HMS|Steady|1804|2}}, and the hired armed cutter Frances, Falcon was involved in the capture of Zeeluft on 20 June 1805,[9] and also shared in prize money from the cargoes of another two vessels captured that year.[10]1807: Danzig and CopenhagenAt the ultimately unsuccessful British defence of Danzig in April 1807, Falcon was involved in bringing reinforcements and the Russian General Nikolay Kamensky to the area. Volunteers from Falcon went on board the hired armed ship Sally, which then entered the relatively shallow waters at the mouth of the Vistula to take the battle to the French.[11] On 28 August 1807, in company with the sloop {{HMS|Vulture|1803|2}}, Falcon captured the Danish ship Martha for which prize money was awarded nearly four years later.[12] On 7 September, Falcon was one of the 126 ships officially listed as being at the surrender at Copenhagen. She later shared in the prize money allotted for the capture of the Danish fleet.[13][14] 1808: Zealand Point, Endelave and TunøCommander George A. Creyke took command in 1808.[4] On 22 March 1808 Falcon was among the smaller British warships at the battle of Zealand Point. She watched from a safe distance and recorded the course of the battle in her logbook.[15] In late April, under orders from Captain Donald Campbell of the third rate {{HMS|Dictator|1783|2}}, Lieutenant John Price, acting captain of Falcon, took her northward to the west of Samsø to search for enemy boats capable of carrying troops from mainland Jutland to Zealand or Skåne. Falcon destroyed eight "pretty large boats .. with troops nearby" on the island of Endelave, six boats on Tunø on 29 April, and 13 others in the waters between Samsø and Aarhus, all before 15 May.[16][17] The Danes were fortifying the harbour complex to the east of Samsø, with its outlying islands of Kyholm and Lindholm. During the night of 7 May, Falcon sent in a cutting-out party in her boats. The British captured two boats each loaded with thirteen-inch mortars and associated equipment, including 400 mortar shells. Lieutenant Price recorded that one of these boats ran aground and had to be burned; he destroyed the other boat after removing the mortar. On 3 June Falcon sent in her boats to make a further raid on Endelave.[18][19] DisposalIn 1810 Falcon was at Sheerness, where she was fitted as a military depot and hospital ship.[3] From 1812 on Falcon was in ordinary.[4] On 14 May 1816 the Navy Office invited tenders for the purchase of numerous ships, including "lying at Sheerness,... Falcon sloop, of 368 tons".[20] She was sold there, for £800, on 31 July.[3] Duke of WellingtonShort & Co. purchased Diadem in 1816 and renamed her Duke of Wellington. She appears in Lloyd's Register at London with Woodcock, master, and Short, owner. Her place of launch is "River", i.e., the Thames, and her year of launch is 1798.[21] She appears in Lloyd's Register of 1818 among the vessels that the British East India Company had licensed to trade with the Indies.[22] Both Lloyd's Register and the Register of Shipping show her master as J. Howard, Lloyd's shows her trade as London—Roi de Janeiro, while the Register shows it as London—Botany Bay.[23][24] This discrepancy continues in the 1819, 1820, and 1821 volumes of both publications. Duke of Wellington is no longer listed in the 1822 volume of Lloyd's; she does not leave the Register until the 1824 volume. FateLloyd's List reported on 11 August 1820 that Duke of Wellington, formerly Stout, master, had been driven ashore at Batavia by a gale in early February 1820, and that accounts from 31 March were that she was to be sold there.[25] On 2 June 1820 Duke of Wellington was sold at a public auction for 8,000 rupees for breaking up. The proceeds of the auction were for the account of the European Orphan Chamber.[1]Notes, citations, and referencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 Hackman (2001), p.69. Citations{{reflist|30em}}References2. ^Weatherill (1908), p.102. 3. ^1 2 3 4 Winfield (2008), p.269. 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.nmm.ac.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_i.pdf|title=NMM, vessel ID 366593|work=Warship Histories, vol i|publisher=National Maritime Museum|accessdate=30 July 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110802041558/http://www.nmm.ac.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_i.pdf|archivedate=2 August 2011|df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|date=10 Apr 1804|issue=15692|page=448}} 6. ^{{London Gazette|date=26 May 1804|issue=15705|page=664}} 7. ^{{London Gazette|date=7 May 1805|issue=15805|page=625}} 8. ^James (1837), Vol. 3, pp.307-8. 9. ^{{London Gazette|date=27 May 1806|issue=15923|page=670}} 10. ^{{London Gazette|date=18 Mar 1806|issue=15900|page=359}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|date=2 Jun 1807|issue=16034|page=749}} 12. ^{{London Gazette|date=18 Jun 1811|issue=16497|page=1133}} 13. ^{{London Gazette|date=11 Jul 1809|issue= 16275|page=1103}} 14. ^Falcon{{'}}s captain, George Sanders, went on to command {{HMS|Belette|1806|2}} the following year. 15. ^Logbook of HMS Falcon held at National Archives, Kew, London – reference ADM51/4446 16. ^{{London Gazette|date=7 Jun 1808|issue=16152|page=802}} 17. ^Danish sources describe in considerable detail Falcon{{'}}s general activities during May and June. On Tunø Lieutenant Price required the islanders to allow the sloop to replenish her water supplies and to sell her livestock as provisions. On Endelave in June, no payments were made for any of the livestock taken because of a token resistance put up by the islanders. 18. ^Logbook of HMS Falcon held at National Archives, Kew, London – reference ADM51/4446 19. ^Hahnemann and Roepstorff (1994). 20. ^{{London Gazette|date=14 May 1816|issue=17136|page=909}} 21. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005689511?urlappend=%3Bseq=156 Lloyd's Register (1816), Seq.№D469.] 22. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005686806?urlappend=%3Bseq=635 Lloyd's Register (1818).] 23. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005686806?urlappend=%3Bseq=158 Lloyd's Register (18188), Seq. №D447.] 24. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005686806?urlappend=%3Bseq=158 Register of Shipping (1818), Seq. №D470.] 25. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005778199?urlappend=%3Bseq=221 Lloyd's List №5516.]
Further Information and Background Reading
5 : Battles of the Gunboat War|1808 in Denmark|Ships built in Whitby|1801 ships|Sloops of the Royal Navy |
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