| 词条 | HMS Niger (1846) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMS Niger was an 8-gun (later 14-gun) screw sloop launched on 18 November 1846 from Woolwich Dockyard. She had been intended as a sailing sloop but her design was lengthened to fit a steam engine, and she was fitted with screw propulsion at Deptford Dockyard in 1847-48 prior to completion.[2] She was reclassified as a corvette in 1852. She conducted important propulsion trials, finally proving the superiority of screw propulsion and served in West Africa, the Crimea, China, the East Indies and Australia. She took part in the New Zealand land wars in 1860 and was sold for breaking in 1869. Propulsion trials and foreign serviceShe participated in 1849 in trials in the English Channel with the paddle sloop HMS Basilisk. Basilisk had started life as her sister ship when both were designed as sailing sloops, but while Niger received screw propulsion, Basilisk was fitted with paddles. Although previous trials, including a similar comparison between Rattler and Alecto in 1845, had shown that screw propulsion was broadly superior, the 1849 trials pitted two near-identical ships against each other. Since both ships had the same lines and steam engines developing almost identical power, the results confirmed the superiority of screw propulsion over the paddle-wheel once and for all. After the trials she formed part of the West Africa Squadron. She served in the Baltic Sea during the Crimean War in 1854-1855. Between 1856 and December 1858 she was sent to the East Indies Station and China Station, and then sailed for the Australian Station. The First Taranaki WarOn 28 March 1860, during the First Taranaki War, a party of approximately 60 marines and bluejackets under the command of Captain Peter Cracroft landed at Waireka as reinforcements in the engagement that was taking place there. After reaching the Omata stockade near dusk, they proceeded to storm the by now lightly defended Kaipopo Pā. Coxwain William Odgers broke through the palisades and pulled down the Māori ensigns flying there, and received the first Victoria Cross of the New Zealand wars as a result.[3] On 30 March 1860, HMS Niger shelled Māori positions near Warea.[4] Her crew also participated during the storming of the Omata stockade. She left the Australia Station in late 1860. She then served in the North America and West Indies Station.[5] Later in 1860 the detachment of Marines was stationed as a garrison at Fort Niger, a hill overlooking the New Plymouth suburb of East End. The hill is a reserve today.[6] FateShe was decommissioned in 1869 and was sold on 2 December 1869 to Castle for breaking up at Charlton.[7] Citations1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Winfield, p.212 2. ^Bastock, p.28. 3. ^Cowan, James. The New Zealand Wars: A History of the Maori Campaigns and the Pioneering Period: Volume I (1845–64) Chapter 19. R. E. Owen, 1955, Wellington. Archived at NZETC 4. ^Naval Military Actions 5. ^Bastock, p.29. 6. ^Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Vol 37, 1904 7. ^{{cite web|publisher=|accessdate=2010-03-16|title=HMS Niger at William Loney RN website|url=http://www.pdavis.nl/ShowShip.php?id=163}} References
5 : 1846 ships|Ships built in Woolwich|Corvettes of the Royal Navy|Victorian-era sloops of the United Kingdom|Sloops of the Royal Navy |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。