| 词条 | HMS Sandfly (1863) |
| 释义 |
HMS Sandfly was a two-gun paddle gunboat used by the New Zealand colonial government during the New Zealand land wars. Tasmanian MaidBuilt in Stockton-on-Tees by Richardson, Duck and Company and launched on 28 February 1856 as the Tasmanian Maid, yard number 9, for F A Ducroz (Dalgety & Co) of London for service in New Zealand.[1] She had a length of {{convert|108|ft}} and a beam of {{convert|15|ft}}.[2] In calm sea, her 36 horse power motor was reputed to enable her to sail at 10-11 knots and 8 knots in a head wind. She weighed 83 gross tons (53 tons net register).[3] Once in New Zealand she sailed regularly between Nelson, Motueka, Collingwood, and Wairau carrying passengers and cargo. She was subsidized by the Nelson Provincial Government by £1,000 per annum.[4] On 29 January 1862 she was the first steamer to cross the Westport bar.[5] On 25 May 1862 she was wrecked on Wairau River bar. The wreck was sold, salvaged, and recommissioned.[6] In 1863 the Government acquired her for £4,000 when she was renamed HMS Sandfly and armed with two 12 pounder Armstrong guns,[3] Land warsIn 1863 she was principally used to blockade the Waihou River (Thames River) and at Tauranga.[7] She captured the 20 ton Maori supply ship Eclair on 31 October 1863 and bombarded retreating Maori at Maketu Later she was used as a dispatch runner from New Plymouth to Waitara on a daily basis.[3] In 1865 she surveyed Cook Strait for an undersea telegraph cable and assisted in transporting troops to Wanganui under Captain Marks.[3] That same year charges of mutiny were laid against Captain Hannibal Marks for disobeying the orders of Francis Cadell. Cadell had ordered the ship to leave port without its captain due to him being delayed. The ship hit the bar while leaving port, and Marks reboarded the ship in a rowing boat. Marks was suspended and replaced with Captain Fox. When his crew refused to follow the new captain they were also suspended by Cadell. The ship was sold and the services of Marks dispensed with before any of the charges came to trial.[8] WreckIn 1865 she reverted to civilian use as a passenger steamship and regained her name Tasmanian Maid. While sailing under Captain Souter with the SS Storm Bird under Captain Doile she stuck the Kawaroa Reef, New Plymouth at 9pm on 16 January 1868. The Storm Bird rescued all those on board before she sank.[9][10] Members of the New Plymouth Underwater Club rediscovered the wreck at the southern end of Kawaroa Reef in 1976. Some artifacts from the wreck Adam Rosser's Taranaki Dive Shop in New Plymouth.[3] The wreck also featured in the 6th episode of the second series of the combined BBC/TVNZ television programme Coast New Zealand in 2017.[11][12] References1. ^[https://divenewzealand.co.nz/dive-80/ Tasmanian Maid 1868], 5 Feb 2015,Sophie Fraser, Dive New Zealand, retrieved 10 April 2018 {{1868 shipwrecks}}{{coord missing|Pacific Ocean}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandfly, HMS}}2. ^{{Cite web |title= Shipbuilding on the River Tees |url= http://www.teesbuiltships.co.uk/richardsonduck/tasmanianmaid1856.htm |accessdate= 5 November 2010}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 Shipwreck treasure off Kawaroa, retrieved 10 April 2018 4. ^Parliamentary Debates, New Zealand Parliament, 1860, Steam Communication, page 393 5. ^[https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/westport Westport], retrieved 10 April 2018 6. ^http://www.nzmaritimeindex.org.nz/izvessel.php?ID=80000028&name=TASMANIAN MAID&db=&dm=&ds=&dh=&gsn=&owner=&num=&sh=&st=&sd=&svv=&typ=&tid=0&tix=0&tot=2&wds=&pix=0&sourceid=&refid=&hit=1 Tasmanian Maid], New Zealand Maritime Index, retrieved 10 April 2018 7. ^{{Cite newspaper |newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |date= 25 January 1864 |url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13084929 |accessdate= 5 November 2010 |page= 3 |title= The British Forces in New Zealand}} 8. ^{{Cite newspaper |newspaper=Daily Southern Cross |date= 13 September 1865 |page= 5 |title= CORRESPONDENCE RELATIVE TO THE SUSPENSION OF CAPTAIN MARKS, LATE OF THE S S. 'SANDFLY.' |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=DSC18650913.2.20}} 9. ^{{Cite web |title= PS Tasmanian Maid Wreck Site |url= http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=9521 |publisher= New Zealand Historic Places Trust}} 10. ^[https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP18680120.2.6 Wreck of the Paddle Steamer Tasmanian Maid], Evening Post, Volume III, Issue 289, 20 January 1868, retrieved 10 April 2018 11. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/CU1502/S00395/coast-new-zealand-in-production-for-tv-one.htm | title=Coast New Zealand in production for TV ONE | publisher=TVNZ | date=19 February 2015}} 12. ^[https://www.tvnz.co.nz/shows/coast-new-zealand/q-and-a Coast NZ questions and answers], retrieved 10 April 2018 8 : 1856 ships|Ships built on the River Tees|Maritime incidents in 1868|Shipwrecks of New Zealand|1868 in New Zealand|New Zealand Wars|Gunboats|Paddle steamers |
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