| 词条 | HMS Surly | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMS Surly was a {{Sclass-|Rocket|destroyer}} of the Royal Navy. She was launched at Clydebank in 1894, served in home waters and was sold in 1920. Design and constructionOn 3 November 1893 the British Admiralty placed an order with the Glasgow shipbuilder J&G Thomson as part of the 1893–1894 Naval Estimates for three torpedo-boat destroyers, {{HMS|Rocket|1894|2}}, {{HMS|Shark|1894|2}} and Surly, with Surly expected to be delivered within 16 months.[1] A total of 36 destroyers were ordered from 14 shipbuilders as part of the 1893–1894 Naval Estimates, all of which were required to reach a contract speed of {{convert|27|kn}}.[2][3] The Admiralty laid down broad requirements for the destroyers, including speed, the use of an arched turtleback{{#tag:ref|A turtleback is an arched structure over the deck of a ship, normally at the ship's bow, to protect against reach seas.[4]|group=lower-alpha}} forecastle and armament, with the detailed design left to the builders, resulting in each of the builders producing different designs.[5][6] Surly was {{convert|203|ft|9|in|m}} long overall and {{convert|200|ft|m|2}} between perpendiculars, with a beam of {{convert|19|ft|6|in|m}} and a draught of {{convert|6|ft|9|in|m}}. Displacement was {{convert|280|LT|t|lk=on}} light and {{convert|350|LT|t}} full load. Four Normand three-drum water-tube boilers fed steam at {{convert|200|psi|kPa}} to 2 triple expansion steam engines rated at {{convert|4100|ihp|kW|lk=in}}. Three funnels were fitted.[1] Armament consisted of a single QF 12 pounder 12 cwt{{#tag:ref|"Cwt" is the abbreviation for hundredweight, 12cwt referring to the weight of the gun.|group=lower-alpha}} gun on a platform on the ship's conning tower (in practice the platform was also used as the ship's bridge) and three 6-pounder guns, with two 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes.[7] One of the torpedo tubes could be removed to accommodate a further two six-pounders,[8] although by 1908 both five 6-pounder guns and both torpedo tubes were generally fitted.[9]Surly was laid down at Thomson's Clydeside shipyard as yard number 271 on 14 February 1894 and was launched on 10 November 1894.[1] She reached a speed of {{convert|28.05|kn}} during Sea trials[10] and was commissioned in July 1895.[1]ServiceSurly spent her whole career in British waters,[11] and was based at Portsmouth.[12] She took part in the 1901 British Naval Manoeuvres.[13] Surly was used in trials in the use of oil fuel instead of coal from 1898,[14][15][11] which were still ongoing in 1906.[16]References1. ^1 2 3 {{Harvnb|Lyon|2001|p=66}} {{reflist|30em}}2. ^{{Harvnb|Lyon|2001| p= 92}} 3. ^{{Harvnb|Lyon|2001|pp=19–20}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=turtleback |title=turtleback |publisher=The American Heritage Dictionary}} 5. ^{{Harvnb|Chesneau|Kolesnik|1979|p=87}} 6. ^{{Harvnb|Manning|1961| p= 39}} 7. ^{{Harvnb|Friedman|2009|pp=40, 291}} 8. ^{{harvnb|Lyon|2001|pp=98–99}} 9. ^{{Harvnb|Lyon|2001|p=100}} 10. ^{{Harvnb|Brassey|1897|p=321}} 11. ^1 {{Harvnb|Lyon|2001|p=67}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=NMM, vessel ID 376874 |work=Warship Histories, vol iv |publisher=National Maritime Museum |url=http://www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/media/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_iv.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016194256/http://www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/media/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_iv.pdf |archivedate=16 October 2014 |8= |deadurl=bot: unknown |df= }} 13. ^{{Harvnb|Brassey|1902|p= 90}} 14. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Naval & Military intelligence|day_of_week=Wednesday |date=3 September 1902 |page_number=4 |issue=36863| }} 15. ^{{Harvnb|Brassey|1902|p=399}} 16. ^{{cite magazine |title=Naval Matters—Past and Prospective: Portsmouth Dockyard |magazine=The Marine Engineer and Naval Architect |volume=29|date=1 December 1909 |page=148}}
5 : Rocket-class destroyers|Ships built on the River Clyde|1894 ships|A-class destroyers (1913)|World War I destroyers of the United Kingdom |
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