| 词条 | Homotopy fiber |
| 释义 |
In mathematics, especially homotopy theory, the homotopy fiber (sometimes called the mapping fiber)[1] is part of a construction that associates a fibration to an arbitrary continuous function of topological spaces {{math|f : A → B}}. It is dual to the mapping cone. In particular, given such a map, define the mapping path space {{math|Ef}} to be the set of pairs {{math|(a, p)}} where {{math|a ∈ A}} and {{math|p : [0,1] → B}} is a path such that {{math|p(0) {{=}} f(a)}}. We give {{math|Ef}} a topology by giving it the subspace topology as a subset of {{math|A × BI}} (where {{math|BI}} is the space of paths in {{mvar|B}} which as a function space has the compact-open topology). Then the map {{math|Ef → B}} given by {{math|(a, p) ⟼ p(1)}} is a fibration. Furthermore, {{math|Ef}} is homotopy equivalent to {{mvar|A}} as follows: Embed {{mvar|A}} as a subspace of {{math|Ef}} by {{math|a ⟼ (a, pa)}} where {{math|pa}} is the constant path at {{math|f(a)}}. Then {{math|Ef}} deformation retracts to this subspace by contracting the paths. The fiber of this fibration (which is only well-defined up to homotopy equivalence) is the homotopy fiber {{math|Ff}}, which can be defined as the set of all {{math|(a, p)}} with {{math|a ∈ A}} and {{math|p : [0,1] → B}} a path such that {{math|p(0) {{=}} f(a)}} and {{math|p(1) {{=}} b0}}, where {{math|b0 ∈ B}} is some fixed basepoint of {{mvar|B}}. In the special case that the original map {{mvar|f}} was a fibration with fiber {{mvar|F}}, then the homotopy equivalence {{math|A → Ef}} given above will be a map of fibrations over {{mvar|B}}. This will induce a morphism of their long exact sequences of homotopy groups, from which (by applying the Five Lemma, as is done in the Puppe sequence) one can see that the map {{math|F → Ff}} is a weak equivalence. Thus the above given construction reproduces the same homotopy type if there already is one. The homotopy fiber is dual to the mapping cone, much as the mapping path space is dual to the mapping cylinder.[2] See also
References1. ^Joseph J. Rotman, An Introduction to Algebraic Topology (1988) Springer-Verlag {{isbn|0-387-96678-1}} (See Chapter 11 for construction.) 2. ^J.P. May, A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology, (1999) Chicago Lectures in Mathematics {{isbn|0-226-51183-9}} (See chapters 6,7.)
2 : Algebraic topology|Homotopy theory |
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