| 词条 | Horween Leather Company |
| 释义 |
| name = Horween Leather Company | logo = | caption = | trading_name = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | type = Private | traded_as = | industry = Leather tannery | genre = | fate = | predecessor = | successor = | foundation = Chicago, Illinois ({{Start date and age|1905}}) | founder = Isadore Horween | defunct = | location_city = 2015 North Elston Avenue, Chicago, Illinois | location_country = United States | locations = | area_served = | key_people = | products = | production = | services = | revenue = $25 million (2012)[1][2] | operating_income = | net_income = | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner = | num_employees = 160 (2012)[2] | parent = | divisions = | subsid = | homepage ={{URL|http://www.horween.com}} | footnotes = | intl = }}Horween Leather Company is an American company specializing in the manufacturing and refining of leather and related products. It is one of the oldest continuously running tanneries in the United States of America. Since its founding in the early 20th century it has been located in Chicago.[2][3][4][5][6] Isadore Horween founded the company in 1905, and worked in it until 1949. His two sons, Arnold Horween (Chairman and President; 1949–84) and Ralph Horween, became executives of the company and worked in it after their careers as All American football players for the Harvard Crimson, and playing in the National Football League. Arnold's son Arnold Horween Jr. worked with it from 1953–2003, and his son Arnold "Skip" Horween III has worked with it since 1972. The fifth generation of Horweens, Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, has worked at the company since 2009. Horween Leather Company offers an array of tannages using primarily cowhide and horsehide, and also using smaller quantities of calf and bison hides. Its leather is used in a number of products including sports equipment, sports and casual footwear, bags, wallets, briefcases, belts, coats, jackets, and other apparel and accessories.[7] It is known for its production of Shell Cordovan (the Chicago Tribune called it the "Cordovan capital of the world"), professional football leather, and Chromexcel, among other leathers.[4][8] It is the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs, and also supplies the leather that is used for National Basketball Association basketballs. Horween Leather Company is located in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue, at Ashland Avenue near the Chicago River). History1905–48Isadore Horween (whose surname was originally Horwitz or Horowitz),[9][10][11][12] who had learned the leather business in his native Ukraine, lived just outside Kiev, immigrated to the United States in 1893. He obtained his first job at a tannery in the U.S. through a contact he made at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago.[13] For 12 years he worked in one of the then-two-dozen tanneries in Chicago.[2][14] He founded I. Horween and Co. in 1905, and established it on Division Street in Chicago.[1][14][15][16] At the time, Chicago was a major center of the meatpacking industry and a major rail hub.[14][17] The tanneries were built close to the source of raw materials. In 1911, Isadore Horween developed and produced Aniline Chromexcel, one of the company's most traditional tannages.[17] The company's original focus was the production of razor strops, to sharpen razors used in shaving.[14] With the advent of the safety razor in 1912, however, the need for razor strops waned, and the company shifted its focus to other products.[14] In 1920, the company moved to its current location in a five-story block-long factory at 2015 North Elston Avenue (at Ashland Avenue), on the Chicago River, in Chicago's Bucktown, on the north side of the city.[18][19] Isadore Horween had obtained the site, which remains the company's current location, by purchasing it from Herman Loescher and Sons tannery.[17] The company's name was eventually changed to Horween Leather Company.[17][32] In 1921, the company's secretary and treasurer was Isadore's son Ralph Horween, during Ralph's career as a football player for the Harvard Crimson and before his career as a player and coach in the National Football League. In 1945, he was still secretary of the company.[20][21] In 1927, Horween Leather Company sold the tannery on Division Street, and consolidated its operations at North Elston Avenue.[17] In 1930, it developed mechanical leather, a very durable heavyweight leather for use in oil seals, gaskets, and engine seals.[17] In 1936, the company had 336 workers.[22] In 1938, Horween Leather Company became the official leather supplier for U.S. Marine Corps water-resistant footwear during World War II. It supplied Chromoexcel, which was used exclusively in the North African Campaign.[7][17] In 1941, it added a large addition to the tannery.[17] 1949–84Isadore's son Arnold Horween eventually took over the company business, after his career as a football player at Harvard alongside his brother Ralph, and then again with his brother as player-coaches in the National Football League, and finally as Harvard's head football coach. He ran the company as Chairman and President, from 1949–84.[16][20][23] In 1960, the company developed and offered football leather as it’s made and sold today.[17] In 1978 there were 250 tanneries in the U.S., but by 2005 the number had dropped to approximately 20.[24] 1985–presentIn 1985, Arnold, Jr., Isadore's grandson, succeeded his father as Horween Leather Company's chief executive.[7] In 1990, the company developed and offered waterproof lines of leathers.[17] Arnold, Jr.'s son Arnold "Skip" Horween III, Isadore's great-grandson, joined as treasurer that year, and became vice president in 1995.[7] In 2001, Skip Horween took over running the company, and in 2002 he became President.[7][18] The company is now run by the fourth generation, with the fifth generation also in house.[1] In 2003, the company began supplying leather for the Arena Football League.[7] In 2005, the company had sales of over $35 million.[7] In 2006, it became the only tannery in Chicago; at one time, the city had as many as 40.[3] As of 2012, Horween Leather Company had 160 employees, and annual revenues of approximately $25 million.[2] In a typical week, it processes 4,000 cowhides and 1,000 horsehides into {{convert|120000|sqft|m2}} of leather.[2] As of 2013, Horween Leather Company was one of fewer than a dozen tanneries in the U.S., down from over 250 in 1978.[3][17] The Horween familyThe following reflects each generation of the Horween family that has worked in the company: – Isadore Horween, 1905–49 – Arnold Horween, 1922–84 (Chairman & President 1949–84)[20] – Arnold Horween, Jr., 1953–2003[25] – Arnold (Skip) Horween III, 1972–present[1] – Nicholas (Nick) Arnold Horween, 2009–present[26] The tanning processAbout 85% of the leather at Horween Leather Company is made from cowhide.[2] The company's workers take raw hides, which arrive salted to prevent deterioration, trim them, and remove their hair with chemicals in an extremely large washing drum. The leather is then treated with salt and pickled for 24 hours, so that it reaches a desired pH level. It is then bated, tanned, and finished.[2][4] ProductsHorween Leather Company produces many different full grain and corrected grain leathers. Its leather is used in a number of products including footwear, sports equipment, bags, belts, wallets, briefcases, suitcases, jackets, coats, and other apparel and accessories.[2][7][18] As of 2003, 60% of the company's leather was used to make clothes, shoes, and accessories, and 40% for sporting goods such as footballs, basketballs, and baseball gloves.[4] Horween Leather Company supplies leather shells for footwear to the Timberland Company, Alden Shoe Company (their largest cordovan customer; it became a customer in 1930, buying shell cordovan and other leathers), Cole Haan, Allen Edmonds, Brooks Brothers, Hanover Shoe, Chippewa Boots and Johnston & Murphy.[2][4][7][17] Accessories and leather goods customers include J.Crew and Shinola Detroit. Sporting goodsHorween Leather Company has provided Rawlings with leather since 1929.[27] In 2003, Horween was providing leather for 3,000 Rawlings baseball gloves annually, and half of professional baseball players were using baseball gloves made from Horween leather.[4][28] Wilson Sporting Goods is Horween Leather Company's largest customer, using the company's leather in manufacturing footballs and basketballs.[1] Horween Leather Company has supplied Wilson with pebbled cowhide since 1941.[29]Since 1941, Horween Leather Company has been the exclusive supplier of leather for National Football League footballs.[30][16][31] The arrangement was established initially by Arnold Horween, who had played and coached in the NFL.[2] The company uses its own "Tanned in Tack" process.[30][16] Although footballs are often called "pigskins," they are made from Horween Leather Company-supplied steer hides that are embossed with a pebble pattern.[1][30][12][32] The company also supplies the leather for the game balls made for the Canadian Football League,[33] and they also supply leather to Spalding (a division of Russell Corporation) for indoor Arena Football League footballs.[7] Horween Leather Company's leather is also used to make National Basketball Association basketballs.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal|url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2008-05-16/horween-leather-faces-an-uncertain-futurebusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice |author=Howard Wolinsky |title=Horween Leather Faces an Uncertain Future |publisher=Business Week |date=May 16, 2008 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite journal|last=Raphael |first=Sven |url=http://www.gentlemansgazette.com/horween-leather-company-chicago/ |author= |title=Horween Leather Company Chicago |publisher=Gentleman's Gazette |date=March 21, 2012 |accessdate=March 27, 2013}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://haberdashmen.com/2013/01/12/horween-leather-co/ |author=Tom Gavin |title=Welcome to the Time Machine; Tom Gavin Visits Horween Leather Co. |publisher=Haberdashmen.com |date=January 12, 2013 |accessdate=March 28, 2013}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-10-27/business/0310270217_1_bob-clevenhagen-rawlings-glove |author=Barbara Rolek |title=Horween's leather bound by tradition |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=October 27, 2003 |accessdate=March 27, 2013}} 5. ^Business Week 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/515328962.html?dids=515328962:515328962&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+30%2C+1954&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=%27Pigskin%27+They%27re+Kicking+Is+Cow&pqatl=google |author= Thomas Nuzum|title='Pigskin' They're Kicking is Cow |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=September 30, 1954 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3479900049.html |author= |title=Horween Leather Company |publisher= encyclopedia.com|date= |accessdate=January 20, 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/7894772.html?dids=7894772:7894772&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+08%2C+1991&author=Arena%2C+Stephanie&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=Leather+Land%3A++At+Horween+Tannery%2C+Cordovan+Has+Been+King+for+86+Years&pqatl=google |author= Stephanie Arena|title=Leather Land: At Horween Tannery, Cordovan has Been King for 86 Years |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=December 8, 1991 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 9. ^{{cite book |url=http://pjn.library.cmu.edu/books/CALL1/CRI_1926_067_021_04021926/vol0/part0/copy0/ocr/txt/0008.txt |author=Charles H. Joseph |title=18M |publisher=The Jewish Criterion |year=1926 |accessdate=March 25, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213071629/http://pjn.library.cmu.edu/books/CALL1/CRI_1926_067_021_04021926/vol0/part0/copy0/ocr/txt/0008.txt |archivedate=December 13, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/18-06-680.pdf|author=|title=Ralph Horween|format=PDF|publisher=profootballresearchers.org|date=|accessdate=March 25, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218205508/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/18-06-680.pdf|archivedate=December 18, 2010|df=mdy-all}} 11. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=culCAAAAIAAJ&q=Ralph+Horween&dq=Ralph+Horween&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eZJKUe3NEtLl4AOq2YGICw&ved=0CIUBEOgBMBI |title=The Jew in sports |author=Stanley Bernard Frank |publisher=The Miles Publishing Company |year=1936 |accessdate=March 22, 2013}} 12. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yfSsthTaa2gC&pg=PA131&dq=Ralph+Horween&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eZJKUe3NEtLl4AOq2YGICw&ved=0CFIQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Ralph%20Horween&f=false |title=For Pride, Profit, and Patriarchy: Football and the Incorporation of American Cultural Values|author=Gerald R. Gems |publisher= Scarecrow Press |year=2000 |accessdate=March 22, 2013}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://horween.com/about/timeline/ |author= |title=Timeline « Horween Leather Company |publisher=Horween.com |date= |accessdate=March 28, 2013}} 14. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.mascontext.com/tag/horween-leather-co/ |title=Horween Leather Co |publisher=Mas Context |date=January 1, 1920 |accessdate=March 27, 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24476499.html?dids=24476499:24476499&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+08%2C+1991&author=STEPHANIE+ARENA%2C+a+free-lance+writer.&pub=Chicago+Tribune+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Leather+Land+At+Horween+Tannery%2C+cordovan+has+been+king+for+86+years&pqatl=google |author= |title=Leather Land At Horween Tannery, cordovan has been king for 86 years |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=December 8, 1991 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 16. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gw3_obTNh4QC&pg=PA377&dq=%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=klxPUfrANITn0QGCuoDwCg&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22Horween%20Leather%20Company%22&f=false |title=NFL Head Coaches: A Biographical Dictionary, 1920–2011 |author=John Maxymuk |publisher= McFarland|year=2012 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 17. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite web|url=http://horween.com/about/a-brief-history/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705053917/http://horween.com/about/a-brief-history/ |archivedate=July 5, 2013|author= |title=A Brief History « Horween Leather Company |publisher=Horween.com |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2016}} 18. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Burgdorfer |first=Bob |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2007/05/03/lifestyle-livestock-usa-hides-dc-idUKN0237812520070503 |author= |title=Passion for leather has made cowhides a hot item |publisher=Uk.reuters.com |date=May 3, 2007 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 19. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BVtZAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&dq=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LmJPUYrPNePk4AOrpoD4Bg&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ |author= |title=UFCW Action |publisher=United Food and Commercial Workers International Union |year=1992 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 20. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/25035156.html?dids=25035156:25035156&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:FT&type=current&date=Aug+07%2C+1985&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=ARNOLD+HORWEEN&pqatl=google |author= |title=Arnold Horween |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=August 7, 1985 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 21. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-k1AQAAMAAJ&q=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&dq=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LmJPUYrPNePk4AOrpoD4Bg&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAg |author= |title=The Shoe and Leather Reporter Annual |publisher= Shoe & Leather Reporter Company|year=1921 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/471844342.html?dids=471844342:471844342&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+07%2C+1943&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=RWLB+BOOSTS+STANDARD+OIL+WORKERS%27+PAY&pqatl=google |author= |title=Rwlb Boosts Standard Oil Workers' Pay |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=September 7, 1943 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 23. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oMEbAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&dq=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LmJPUYrPNePk4AOrpoD4Bg&ved=0CGoQ6AEwDA |author= Leo M. Glassman|title=Biographical encyclopaedia of American Jews, 1935 |publisher= Maurice Jacobs & Leo Glassman|year=1935 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AT&p_theme=at&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1093EABD9A64255B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |author= |title=Baseball 2005: Total Commitment: Glove affair; Tradition-bound Rawlings, in an age of overseas mass production, still cherishes its custom work|publisher= The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date= April 3, 2005|accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 25. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/334797481.html?dids=334797481:334797481&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+11%2C+2003&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=HORWEEN+JR.%2C+ARNOLD&pqatl=google |author= |title=Horween Jr., Arnold |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=May 11, 2003 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 26. ^Brigid Sweeney (February 20, 2012), "No more hiding for local tannery riding pricey leather revival, Crain's, Retrieved March 29, 2013 27. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/768252861.html?dids=768252861:768252861&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+19%2C+2004&author=William+Hageman&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=Take+him+back+to+the+ball+game&pqatl=google |author= William Hageman |title=Take him back to the ball game |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=December 19, 2004 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 28. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/431083521.html?dids=431083521:431083521&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+27%2C+2003&author=Barbara+Rolek%2C+Special+to+the+Tribune&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=Horween%27s+leather+bound+by+tradition+%3B+Firm+top+supplier+for+baseball+mitts&pqatl=google |author= Barbara Rolek |title=Horween's leather bound by tradition; Firm top supplier for baseball mitts |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=October 27, 2003 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 29. ^{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MWSB&p_theme=mwsb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=120F68CA56273420&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |author= John Schmid|title= Getting a grip|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel |date=May 28, 2008 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 30. ^1 2 {{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g88DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA67&dq=%22Horween+Leather%22+-%22Horween+Leather+Company%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LmJPUYrPNePk4AOrpoD4Bg&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22Horween%20Leather%22%20-%22Horween%20Leather%20Company%22&f=false |author=Scott Oldham |title=Bombs Away|publisher=Popular Mechanics |date=October 2001 |accessdate=March 26, 2013}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.profootballhof.com/story/2012/5/17/the-nfls-centenarians/ |title=The NFL’s centenarians |publisher=Profootballhof.com |date=February 7, 2010 |accessdate=March 27, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014175541/http://www.profootballhof.com/story/2012/5/17/the-nfls-centenarians/ |archivedate=October 14, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/515328962.html?dids=515328962:515328962&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+30%2C+1954&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=%27Pigskin%27+They%27re+Kicking+Is+Cow&pqatl=google |author= |title='Pigskin' They're Kicking is Cow |publisher=Chicago Tribune |date=September 30, 1954 |accessdate=March 27, 2013}} 33. ^CFL GAME FOOTBALL | Wilson Sporting Goods External links
7 : Buildings and structures in Chicago|Companies based in Chicago|Leather manufacturers|Manufacturing companies established in 1905|Tanneries|Industrial buildings and structures in Illinois|1905 establishments in Illinois |
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