| 词条 | Houhora |
| 释义 |
|name = Houhora |population_total = 837 |population_as_of = 2006 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = New Zealand |subdivision_type1= Region |subdivision_name1= Northland Region |subdivision_type2= District |subdivision_name2= Far North District |pushpin_map = Northland |coordinates = {{coord|34|47|47|S|173|6|24|E|region:NZ|display=inline,title}} }}Houhora is a locality and harbour on the east side of the Aupouri Peninsula of Northland, New Zealand. It is {{convert|41|km|abbr=on}} north of Kaitaia. Waihopo, Te Raupo, Pukenui, Raio and Houhora Heads are associated localities on the southern shores of the harbour. State Highway 1 passes through all these localities except for Houhora Heads. Te Kao is 24 km north west, and Waiharara is 22 km south east.[1][2] The harbour is long and narrow, mostly sheltered but with exposed sand banks at low tide. There is a deep channel along the southern shore as far as Pukenui Wharf. Mt Camel/Tohoraha (also called Mt Houhora) is a 236-metre hill forming the North Head. The South Head is a flat area.[3] The population was 837 in the 2006 Census, a decrease of 78 from 2001.[4] HistoryHouhora Mountain was the first part of New Zealand that the early explorer Kupe saw, but he thought it was a whale, according to Māori legend.[5] Houhora was a Māori base settlement in the early 14th century.[6] Snapper, seals, dolphins, moa and other birds were food sources.[7] James Cook named Mt Camel, on the north head of Houhora Harbour, on 10 December 1769. He described it in his log as "a high mountain or hill standing upon a desert shore."[8]Te Houtaewa was a Te Aupōuri athlete, who was killed at Pukenui during the Musket Wars of the early 19th century.[8]Hone Heke was defeated by Tāmati Wāka Nene in the Battle of Te Ahuahu at Pukenui on 12 June 1845.[9]In the 19th century, Houhora Harbour provisioned whalers, and residents mounted their own whaling expeditions in open boats.[8] Three families - Wagener, Subritzky and Yates - settled in the area to farm and trade.[10] The Subritzky family, who arrived near Motueka in 1843, claim to be New Zealand's first Polish settlers. They moved to Australia and then to Houhora Heads.[11] Their homestead there took two years to build in the 1860s. It was sold to a member of the Wagener family in 1897.[12] The homestead, now largely restored, is open to the public.[13] The Wagener Museum at Houhora Heads, built by W E Wagener,[12] was built near the homestead. It contained an eclectic collection of artefacts, but closed in 2003 and a substantial part of the collection was sold off.[14] A lifeboat from SS Elingamite, which was wrecked on the Three Kings Islands on 9 November 1902, arrived in Houhora the following day with 52 survivors. One of the whalers immediately was dispatched to intercept any vessel along the coast to divert it to the Three Kings. This mission was successful.[12] EducationPukenui School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school[15] with a roll of {{NZ school roll data|1086|y}} students as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|y||.}} Notable people
Notes1. ^{{cite book|title=Reed New Zealand Atlas|year=2004|isbn=0-7900-0952-8|author=Peter Dowling (editor)|publisher=Reed Books|pages=map 2}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=The Geographic Atlas of New Zealand|year=2005|isbn=1-877333-20-4|author=Roger Smith, GeographX|publisher=Robbie Burton|pages=map 16}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=The Visitors' Guide to the Far North - Mangonui County|last=Parkes|first=W. F.|edition=3rd|date=c. 1965|pages=34}} 4. ^{{NZ Quickstats|3500207}} 5. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/TheBush/UnderstandingTheNaturalWorld/NgaWaewaeTapuMaoriExploration/2/en|title=Coastal explorers|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=The Penguin History of New Zealand|author=Michael King|year=2003|isbn=0-14-301867-1|pages=67|edition=7th}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Houhora : a fourteenth century Maori village in Northland|author=Louise Furey|year=2002|isbn=0908623526}} Quoted in The Penguin History of New Zealand 8. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/MuriwhenuaTribes/1/en|title=Muriwhenua Tribes - Ancestors Peninsula|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 9. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/H/HekePokaiHone/HekePokaiHone/en|title=HEKE POKAI, Hone|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 10. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/Northland/NorthlandPlaces/1/en|title=Aupōuri Peninsula|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 11. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/NewZealandPeoples/Poles/1/en|title=Poles - The first arrivals|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|title=The Visitors' Guide to the Far North - Mangonui County|last=Parkes|first=W. F.|edition=3rd|date=c. 1965|pages=35}} 13. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aiIrweIMckQC&pg=PA217&lpg=PA217&dq=Houhora+%22Wagener+museum%22&source=web&ots=Pg88gehg2R&sig=Z5VEpq1iYT--ydfHHjGjnHciwxw|title=The Rough Guide to New Zealand 3|author1=Laura Harper |author2=Tony Mudd |author3=Paul Whitfield |year=2002|page=217 | isbn=978-1-85828-896-3 | publisher=Rough Guides}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nzarchaeology.org/blog/archive/2003_10_01_oldnews.htm|title=New Zealand Archaeology News|date=22 October 2003|publisher=New Zealand Archaeological Association}} 15. ^{{TKI|1086|Pukenui School}} External links{{commons category inline|Aupouri Peninsula}} 2 : Far North District|Populated places in the Northland Region |
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