“Hovey Whing Ding”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Hovey Whing Ding

释义

Design and development
Operational history
Variants
Specifications (typical)
See also
References
External links

name=Whing Ding II

image=Petőfi Csarnok, Repüléstörténeti kiállítás, Pannonautó Vállalat WD-IIM Szöcske.JPG

caption=

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type=Ultralight aircraft

national origin=United States

manufacturer=Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Association

designer=Bob Hovey

first flight=February 1971

introduced=

retired=

status=Plans available (2014)

primary user=

more users=

produced=

number built=

variants with their own articles=Hovey Delta Bird
}}

The Hovey Whing Ding is an extremely minimalist American ultralight aircraft that was designed by Bob Hovey of Saugus, California, first flying in 1971. The aircraft is supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction by the Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Association of Marietta, Georgia.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Design and development

Hovey set out to create the lightest aircraft to carry a person ever to fly, with the resulting design being a biplane, with a plywood box filled with Polyurethane foam serving as the fuselage, supporting the pilot's seat. The aircraft features a conventional fabric-covered empennage carried at the end of a short tailboom made of aluminum tube. The horizontal stabilizer is made from reinforced cardboard. Early versions used wing warping for roll control, while later models used full-span ailerons. The specified pusher configuration powerplant is a McCulloch chainsaw engine turning a hand-carved wooden propeller via a chain drive. The first prototype had a monowheel undercarriage, with skids under the wingtips, but this was soon changed to twin mainwheels carried on a spring-type strut. With no brakes to stop the aircraft after landing, pilots were supposed to press their heels against the mainwheels.^[1]^[4]

The Whing Ding was designed long before the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles regulations were introduced, but it fully conforms to the rules. The Whing Ding helped generate interest in ultralight aircraft and lead to the ultralight boom of the late 1970s and 1980s.^[1]

Hovey conceived of the aircraft as an experimental project and not as a form of transportation. Due to its unreliable powerplant he intended it to only be flown over open areas where a safe landing could be carried out at any time. The plans were complex to follow and were not intended to make construction easy. Construction time typically is about 400 hours.^[2]^[4]

The Whing Ding was marketed as plans, and sold extremely well - by 1979, over 6,000 sets had been purchased. In 2011 the plans were still available, and at no cost.^[2]

Operational history

Depending on the density altitude and the weight of the pilot, some builders discovered that the aircraft was under powered and suffered from too small a wing area to climb out of ground effect.^[1]

Variants

Whing Ding

Initial version^[1]^[4]

Whing Ding II

Improved version, incorporating a higher seat to prevent pilots dragging their feet on the ground to stop the aircraft, which resulting in broken bones in some cases.^[1]^[4]

Specifications (typical)

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References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶Cliche, Andre: Ultralight Aircraft Shopper's Guide 8th Edition, page E-43. Cybair Limited Publishing, 2001. {{ISBN|0-9680628-1-4}}
2. ^¹²³{{Cite web|url = http://virtualultralightmuseum.com/uz.htm#whing|title = Whing Ding II|accessdate = 4 January 2012|last = Virtual Ultralight Museum|date = n.d.}}
3. ^{{cite web|url = http://vula.org/blueprint_pricelist.html|title = Blueprints Price List|accessdate = 23 April 2014|last = Perkins | first = Scott, V.U.L.A. Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Assoc. |authorlink = |year = 2004}}
4. ^¹²³{{Cite web|url = http://www.airventuremuseum.org/collection/aircraft/Hovey_Estupinan%20WD-11%20Whing-Ding.asp|title = Hovey/Estupinan WD-11 "Whing Ding" – N6272|accessdate = 4 January 2012|last = AirVenture Museum|date = 2012}}

{{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=511 }}
{{cite book |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1976-77 |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |location=London |pages=543–44 }}

External links

Photo of a Whing Ding
[https://books.google.com/books?id=LdQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA112&dq=%22lightest+aircraft%22+hovey&lr=&as_brr=1&as_pt=ALLTYPES World’s lightest aircraft?] Popular Mechanics, September 1973, p. 112 (brief news note on Whing Ding II).

3 : Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Association aircraft|United States ultralight aircraft 1970–1979|Homebuilt aircraft

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