“John Paul Harney”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

John Paul Harney (born Jean-Paul Harney; born February 2, 1931) is a Canadian professor and former politician.

Academic life

After completing his M.A. at Queen's University in 1961, he became an assistant professor of English at the Ontario Agricultural College in Guelph, Ontario, and taught there until 1966.^[2] He was also a poet, and gave readings at the Guelph Public Library.^[3] In 1970, he became a humanities professor at York University,^[4] and was still a professor of Canadian studies there in 1992.^[5]

Political career

Harney ran as a candidate for the New Democratic Party throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

From 1962 to 1965, he stood as a candidate for the House of Commons of Canada in Wellington South.{{efn|Since 1898, it had been the policy of the provincial government that no civil servant, under any condition, could ever be involved in politics. As the Ontario Agricultural College was then a branch of the Ontario Department of Agriculture, Harney was subject to the policy. The ensuing controversy in 1962 was resolved when Premier John Robarts announced that civil servants would be entitled to take a leave of absence in order to campaign.^[6]}} After moving to Toronto, he then stood once more as a candidate in Scarborough West in the 1968 federal election. He won a seat in the House of Commons in the 1972 federal election, but was defeated in 1974. He continued to campaign in subsequent elections there up to 1980. In addition, he sought the NDP nomination in the 1978 federal byelection for Broadview, but lost out to Bob Rae.^[7]

He was the Provincial Secretary for the Ontario New Democratic Party from 1966 to 1970. In that time, he was also the campaign manager for that party's breakthrough campaign in the 1967 general election.^[8]

He campaigned to become national leader at the NDP's 1971 leadership convention, coming in third behind winner David Lewis and runner-up James Laxer. He stood as a candidate again at the 1975 leadership convention,^[9] where he got as far as the second ballot. In 1981, he became involved in party debates concerning the forthcoming adoption of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, arguing that it was silent about labour rights to organize, strike and bargain.^[10]

Born in Quebec and fluently bilingual, Harney returned to the province and became leader of the Quebec wing of the federal NDP in 1984. He continued to teach at York University, while living in Sillery, Quebec.^[1] He led the relaunching of the New Democratic Party of Quebec as a provincial party in 1985^[11] but was unable to win a seat either in the federal House of Commons (running in Lévis in two elections) or in the Quebec National Assembly (running in Louis-Hébert).^[12]

Late in the 1988 federal election campaign, he called a press conference to support using the notwithstanding clause of the Canadian Constitution to protect Quebec's francophone culture and restrict the use of other languages.^[13] This press conference was not endorsed by the NDP leadership, and many believe that it cost the party support among Quebec's anglophones.^[14] He stepped down later that year. Although he favoured the Bloc Québécois position on Quebec sovereignty, he refused to consider becoming one of its candidates as long as it pursued independence from Canada.^[5]

Harney is retired and lives in Prince Edward County, Ontario, and has been involved in promoting local causes.^[15]

Electoral record

Federal

Wellington South

Scarborough West

Lévis

Québec

Louis-Hébert

Notes

References

1. ^¹²{{cite news|author = Graham Fraser|title = Harney-watchers in NDP see two different people|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = January 17, 1987}}
2. ^{{cite news|author = |title = Four chase Lewis for the NDP leadership|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = April 17, 1971|page = 7}}
3. ^{{cite news|author = Joan Finnigan|title = Canadian poetry finds its voice in a Golden Age|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = January 20, 1962}}
4. ^{{cite news|author = Canadian Press|title = Quebec's fledgling NDP picks Harney to lead way|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = June 3, 1985}}
5. ^¹{{cite news|author = Yves Boisvert|title = Le Bloc québécois: une coalition plutôt hétéroclite|url = http://collections.banq.qc.ca:81/lapresse/src/cahiers/1992/06/22/02/82812_1992062202.pdf#page=12|language = fr|newspaper = La Presse|date = June 22, 1992|page = 12}}
6. ^{{cite hansard |jurisdiction= Ontario|title = PUBLIC SERVANTS POLITICAL RIGHTS ACT|url= http://www.ontla.on.ca/web/house-proceedings/house_detail.do?locale=en&Parl=32&Sess=2&Date=1982-05-13|house= Legislative Assembly of Ontario|date= May 13, 1982|speaker= Donald C. MacDonald|position=}}
7. ^{{Cite book|first=Bob |last=Rae |title=From Protest to Power: Personal Reflections on a Life in Politics |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=7EJiyZh-if4C&lpg=PT107&ots=8f4_AeeewZ&pg=PT107#v=onepage&f=false|publisher=McClelland & Stewart|location=Toronto |year=1996 |page=70|isbn=0-7710-7287-2}}
8. ^{{cite news|author = Jack Cahill|title = The gray flannel "brains trust" that runs Ontario's NDP|newspaper = Toronto Daily Star|pages = 1, 14|date = January 17, 1967}}
9. ^{{cite news|author = Peter Daniel|title = Ed Broadbent: Race for the leadership|url = http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/politics/parties-leaders/ed-broadbent/race-for-the-leadership.html|publisher = CBC News|date = June 27, 1975}}
10. ^{{Cite book|first=Christo |last=Aivalis |title=The Constant Liberal: Pierre Trudeau, Organized Labour, and the Canadian Social Democratic Left|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=uNNZDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA166&ots=IfnhxB97lc&pg=PA166#v=onepage&f=false|publisher=UBC Press|location=Vancouver |year=2018 |page=166|isbn=978-0-7748-3713-2}}
11. ^Fraser, Graham, "Toronto university professor runs as Quebec NDP chief," Globe and Mail, September 3, 1984
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/english/provincial/election-results/general-elections.php?e=39&c=259&s=1|title = General election results , 2 December 1985}}
13. ^Jennifer Robinson, "NDP would restrict English rights; 'West Island' no longer running party, vice-president declares," Montreal Gazette, 5 November 1988, A1.
14. ^Ingrid Peritz, "Language hard-liners hurt NDP in west end," Montreal Gazette, 23 November 1988, A10.
15. ^{{cite web|title = Minutes: Corporation of the County of Prince Edward|url = https://princeedwardcounty.civicweb.net/Documents/DocumentList.aspx?Id=2659&Search=1&Result=4|page = 3|date = June 28, 2004|publisher = County of Prince Edward}}