| 词条 | John Simon (critic) |
| 释义 |
|name = John Ivan Simon |image = |imagesize = |caption = |birth_name= John Simmon[1] |birth_date= {{Birth date and age|1925|05|12|mf=y}} |birth_place= Subotica, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (present-day Subotica, Serbia) |death_date= |death_place= |occupation= Critic, blogger |residence = New York City, New York, U.S. |alma_mater = Harvard University |yearsactive = 1959–present[2]}} John Ivan Simon (born May 12, 1925) is an American author and literary, theater, and film critic. Personal lifeJohn Simmon was born in Subotica of Hungarian descent[3] to Joseph and Margaret (née Reves) Simmon. He amended his surname at some point to "Simon". He has said that his middle name "Ivan" was later added by his father to add distinction.[4] He grew up in Belgrade before immigrating to the United States in 1941, aged 16, on a tourist visa to join his father.[3] By 1944 he was in United States Army Air Forces basic training camp in Wichita Falls, Texas. Both of his parents became naturalized United States citizens in 1941. He attended Harvard University where he earned his BA, MA, and PhD. As a student, Simon was hired by playwright Lillian Hellman to prepare a translation of Jean Anouilh's The Lark, but he was reportedly only paid $50, half of the agreed amount, because, in his own words, he gave her fifty double-spaced pages but she had expected that many pages in single-space.[4][5] Simon has written theater, film, music, and book reviews for publications such as New York, Esquire, The Hudson Review, National Review, Opera News, The New Leader, Commonweal, The New Criterion and The New York Times Book Review. He contributes an occasional essay to The Weekly Standard. Simon was the theater critic at New York for 36 years from October 1968 until May 2005.[6] He wrote theater reviews for Bloomberg News from June 2005[7] through November 2010. He most recently reviewed theater for The Westchester Guardian.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} Simon played himself in a 1975 television episode of The Odd Couple[8] and as a sort of parody of himself in a short film on Saturday Night Live in 1986. WorkReporting for Playbill, Robert Simonson wrote that Simon's "stinging reviews – particularly his sometimes vicious appraisals of performers' physical appearances – have periodically raised calls in the theatre community for his removal."[11] In 1969, the New York Drama Critics' Circle voted 10–7 to deny Simon membership, although the following year he was accepted into the group. A 1980 issue of Variety included an ad signed by 300 people decrying Simon's reviews as racist and vicious.[5][9] On Simon's dismissal from New York magazine, critic Richard Hornby wrote in The Hudson Review: His removal seems to have been political, with a new editor-in-chief acceding to the usual pressure from theatrical producers to replace him with someone more positive. ... In fact, Simon was no more negative than most critics, but his lively writing style meant that his gibes were more memorable than those of the others. His enthusiasms were expressed with the same vigor—after heaping praise on the writing, acting, directing, and even the set designs of Doubt, for example, he described it as "a theatrical experience it would be sinful to miss." But positive reviews tend to be taken for granted, while negative ones are seen as personal insults. (I regularly get angry letters and e-mails of complaint from actors and theatre companies, but no one has ever thanked me for a favorable notice.) Theatrical producers in particular become enraged when reviews do not sound like one of their press releases. They finally seemed to have prevailed.[10] While some people loved Simon's reviews in New York magazine and others hated them, many were quick to change positions, depending on what he thought of their latest work. Interviewed for The Paris Review, Simon described a photo taken with producer Joseph Papp who had "his arm around me after I've given him a good review, and [asked] for the picture back the next month because of a bad review."[2] Lynn Redgrave and John Clark were particularly happy with his review of Shakespeare for My Father, then about to debut on Broadway.[11] Others have suggested that his negative criticism is mean-spirited, not constructive. For example, he is known for dwelling on what he sees as the physical flaws of those actors who displease him: Wallace Shawn is "unsightly", Barbra Streisand's nose "cleaves the giant screen from east to west, bisects it from north to south. It zigzags across our horizon like a bolt of fleshy lightning",[12] while Kathleen Turner is a "braying mantis".[18] In his memoir Life Itself, Roger Ebert wrote, "I feel repugnance for the critic John Simon, who made it a specialty to attack the way actors look. They can't help how they look, any more than John Simon can help looking like a rat." [13] In The Language Instinct, Steven Pinker {{Who|date=January 2019}} criticized Simon for reviews obsessively focusing on actors' physical appearances to the detriment of critical acumen.[14] Carol Burnett wrote a letter to Time responding to an attack on Liza Minnelli, whose face Simon had compared to that of a beagle,[18] and she closed with "Could Mr. Simon be suffering from a simple case of heart envy?"[15] Whatever the answer, Simon did not let the comment color his critical opinion – nearly a quarter of a century later, Simon gave an unqualified rave review to Hollywood Arms (2002), an autobiographical play which Burnett had co-written.[16] In 1973, Simon wrote a nasty review of the play Nellie Toole and Co.,[17] which featured actress Sylvia Miles, whom Simon referred to as "one of New York's leading party girls and gate-crashers".[18] In retaliation, Miles dumped a plate of food, mostly steak tartare (not pasta, as had been misreported), onto Simon's head in a popular New York restaurant.[19] Simon has been identified as the inspiration for the character of the acerbic and tormented culture critic Max Jamison in Wilfrid Sheed's novel of the same name,[20] and Simon himself expressed his displeasure whenever Sheed's book was reviewed without mentioning Simon's name.[21] The character of Hugh Simon (played by Kenneth Mars) in Peter Bogdanovich's film What's Up, Doc? was a parody of John Simon, according to the film's director Peter Bogdanovich.[22] He is also known for his criticism of what he views as the (mis)use of language in American writing, and edited the 1981 collection Reflections on Literacy and Its Decline. He was one of the guests on the PBS special Do You Speak American? In addition, Bryan Garner referred to Simon as a language maven and credited him with improving the quality of American criticism.[23] In December 2015, when Simon was 90, during the week of the premiere of The Force Awakens, New York made the unusual move of republishing a review of the original 1977 Star Wars film by Simon, who blasted it: I sincerely hope that science and scientists differ from science fiction and its practitioners. Heaven help us if they don't: We may be headed for a very boring world indeed. Strip Star Wars of its often striking images and its highfalutin scientific jargon, and you get a story, characters, and dialogue of overwhelming banality, without even a "future" cast to them: Human beings, anthropoids, or robots, you could probably find them all, more or less like that, in downtown Los Angeles today. Certainly the mentality and values of the movie can be duplicated in third-rate non-science of any place or period.[24] Awards
Bibliography
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://uncensoredsimon.blogspot.com/2018/04/|title=Uncensored John Simon|website=uncensoredsimon.blogspot.com}} 2. ^1 The Paris Review; accessed March 16, 2016. 3. ^1 Stefanova-Peteva, K. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?id=mcdYanNeGDAC&pg=PA26&dq=Simon+John+Subotica&lr=&hl=hr#PPA26,M1 Who Calls the Shots on the New York Stages?], page 26. 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://uncensoredsimon.blogspot.com/2018/04|title=Uncensored John Simon|website=uncensoredsimon.blogspot.com}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|last=Jones|first=Kenneth|title=Critic John Simon Hangs His Own Shingle on the Web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/145570-Critic-John-Simon-Hangs-His-Own-Shingle-on-the-Web|publisher=Playbill, Inc.|accessdate=December 4, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030118180818/http://archive.salon.com/ent/movies/feature/2000/09/26/simon/index.html|archivedate=January 18, 2003}} 6. ^Playbill news article {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050630074350/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/92861.html|date=2005-06-30}}; retrieved January 28, 2009 7. ^Theatermania news article {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060627191609/http://www.theatermania.com/content/news.cfm/story/6098|date=2006-06-27}}; retrieved January 28, 2009. 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oddcouple.info/?q=node/35|title=People Who Played Themselves|website=www.oddcouple.info}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|last=Simonson|first=Robert|title=John Simon to Leave Long-Held Post at New York Magazine; McCarter Named New Critic|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/92861-John-Simon-to-Leave-Long-Held-Post-at-New-York-Magazine-McCarter-Named-New-Critic|work=Playbill|publisher=Playbill, Inc.|accessdate=September 23, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928024926/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/92861-John-Simon-to-Leave-Long-Held-Post-at-New-York-Magazine-McCarter-Named-New-Critic|archivedate=September 28, 2013|df=}} 10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hornby|first=Richard|date=Autumn 2005|title=Beyond a Reasonable Doubt|url=https://hudsonreview.com/2005/10/beyond-a-reasonable-doubt|subscription=yes|work=The Hudson Review|volume=58|issue=3|pages=469–75|access-date=January 28, 2009|jstor=30044802}} 11. ^John Clark's blogsite; retrieved January 28, 2009. 12. ^Gilman, S. (2000). Making the Body Beautiful, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vs09mB9QjTgC&pg=PA203&lpg=PA203&dq=john+simon+barbra's+nose p. 203]. 13. ^{{cite book|last=Ebert|first=Roger|title=Life Itself: A Memoir|year=2011|publisher=Grand Central|location=New York|isbn=978-0-446-58497-5|page=219|url=http://www.HachetteBookGroup.com}} 14. ^Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct, pp. 398–99 15. ^Letters, time.com, January 16, 1978. 16. ^Simon, John. "Affectionately Yours", New York, November 11, 2002. 17. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=QuubMdy3nFUC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=Nellie+Toole+and+Co.#v=onepage&q=Nellie%20Toole%20and%20Co.&f=false Nellie Toole and Co.] 18. ^1 2 {{cite web|last=Reese|first=Jennifer|title=Seeking Ageless Wisdom? Ask the Aged|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=100587126|department=Book Reviews|publisher=National Public Radio|access-date=September 23, 2013}} 19. ^{{cite journal|last=Napoleon|first=Davi|title=Interviews: John Simon, The Art of Criticism No. 4|journal=The Paris Review|date=Spring 1997|issue=42|url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1282/the-art-of-criticism-no-4-john-simon |access-date=September 23, 2013|quote=The most famous case is Sylvia Miles throwing some steak tartare at me, which made her into a heroine. In fact, Andy Warhol said in one of his so-called books that she's famous for that and not much else. This incident was so welcomed by the Simon-hating press that the anecdote has been much retold. She herself has retold it ten thousand times. And this steak tartare has since metamorphosed into every known dish from lasagna to chop suey. It's been so many things that you could feed the starving orphans of India or China with it.}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Books: Max Jamison|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1299&dat=19710826&id=WMlHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7YsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6498,3355668|accessdate=September 22, 2013|newspaper=The Village Voice|date=August 26, 1971}} 21. ^{{cite book|last=Miller|first=Adrienne|title=Esquire's Big Book of Great Writing: More Than 70 Years of Celebrated Journalism|year=2003|publisher=Hearst Books|location=New York|isbn=978-1588162984|page=298}} 22. ^"Hollywood", Peter Bogdanovich, Esquire, December 1977, p. 96 23. ^Garner, B. (1998). Garner's Modern American Usage (page needed) 24. ^{{cite magazine|last=Simon|first=John|date=December 17, 2015|title=Looking Back at New York’s Critical 1977 Review of Star Wars|url=http://www.vulture.com/2015/12/nymag-original-star-wars-review-1977.html|work=New York|accessdate=March 16, 2016}} Further reading
On-line
External links
12 : 1925 births|American film critics|Military personnel from New York City|American people of Hungarian descent|American theater critics|Living people|Writers from New York City|People from Belgrade|People from Subotica|Yugoslav emigrants to the United States|Harvard University alumni|People with acquired American citizenship |
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