| 词条 | Hydrocynus goliath |
| 释义 |
| taxon = Hydrocynus goliath | authority = (Boulenger, 1898) | image = hydrocynus goliath.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | range_map = DRC rivers.svg | range_map_caption = Catchment area for Hydrocynus goliath | synonyms ={{Specieslist |Hydrocyon goliath|Boulenger, 1898 |Hydrocyon vittiger |Boulenger, 1907 |Hydrocynus vittiger |(Boulenger, 1907) | synonyms_ref = [2] }}{{multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 254 | footer = Hydrocynus goliath in an aquarium | footer_align = center | footer_background = | background color = | image1 = Hydrocynus goliath - Poisson-chien - Aqua porte Dorée 08.JPG | caption1 = | image2 = Hydrocynus goliath - Poisson-chien - Aqua porte Dorée 05.JPG | alt2 = | caption2 = }} Hydrocynus goliath, also known as the goliath tigerfish, giant tigerfish, or mbenga, is a very large African predatory freshwater fish of the family Alestidae. DistributionHydrocynus goliath is found in the Congo River Basin (including Lualaba River and Lake Upemba), and Lake Tanganyika.[3] A study published in 2011 revealed several mtDNA clades in this region, suggesting a higher tigerfish species richness than traditionally recognized. If confirmed, this would restrict H. goliath to the Congo River Basin.[4] Four additional species (H. vittatus and three undescribed species) appear to be present in this Basin, while two (H. vittatus and an undescribed species) appear to be present in Lake Tanganyika.[4]DescriptionThis large-toothed, highly predatory fish grows to a length of {{convert|1.5|m|ft}} and a weight of {{convert|50|kg|lbs}}.[5] Its teeth fit into distinct grooves along its jaws. DietHydrocynus goliath is a piscivore, feeding on any fish it can overpower, including smaller conspecifics. When hunting, this fish uses the calmer eddies of the rapids to ambush its prey, using its keen sight to detect prey. When a target is noticed, the fish accelerates to chase it down. Interaction with humansA number of incidents have been reported in The Congo of this fish attacking humans.[6] This reputation, combined with its strength, has earned it an almost mythical status among anglers, and it has been called the "greatest freshwater gamefish in the world".[6] According to locals living near the river, the evil spirit "mbenga" would enter the fish and make it attack people. This species featured in Jeremy Wade's documentary series River Monsters (Season 2, Episode 4 "Demon Fish"). Wade managed to catch the fish and planned to release it, but it died from swimming into rocks during the fight. In the special, Wade called this fish the "ultimate river monster" of all the fish he has caught filming for the series.[7] References1. ^{{Cite journal | author = Moelants, T. | title = Hydrocynus goliath | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2010 | page = e.T182833A7980766 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2010 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/182833/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T182833A7980766.en | access-date = 23 December 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.fishbase.se/Nomenclature/SynonymsList.php?ID=8682&SynCode=27110&GenusName=Hydrocynus&SpeciesName=goliath | title = Synonyms of Hydrocynus goliath (Boulenger, 1898) | accessdate = 6 April 2017 | publisher = Fishbase}} 3. ^{{FishBase species | genus = Hydrocynus | species = goliath| year= 2013 |month=April }} 4. ^1 Goodier, S.A.M., F.P.D. Cotterill, C. O'Ryan, P.H. Skelton, and M.J de Wit (2011). Cryptic Diversity of African Tigerfish (Genus Hydrocynus) Reveals Palaeogeographic Signatures of Linked Neogene Geotectonic Events. PLoS ONE 6(12): e28775. 10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 5. ^{{cite book| author = Paul Harvey Skelton| title = A Complete Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Southern Africa| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=bURse4a-2m8C&pg=PA205| year = 2001| publisher = Struik| isbn = 978-1-86872-643-1 }} 6. ^1 {{cite book| author = Bill Hansford-Steele| title = African Fly-Fishing Handbook| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XwPJJO4vOJkC&pg=PA212| year = 2002| publisher = Struik| isbn = 978-1-86872-882-4| page = 212 }} 7. ^Goliath Tigerfish (Hydrocynus goliath) Discovery channel External links
3 : Alestidae|Fish described in 1898|Sport fish |
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