| 词条 | Hòa Bình Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Hòa Bình Dam | name_official = | image = Cửa xả nước.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map = Vietnam | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|20|48|30|N|105|19|26|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | country = Vietnam | location = Hòa Bình | status = Operational | construction_began = November 1979 | opening = 1994 | demolished = | cost = ₫1.5 billion (1996) | owner = Vietnam Electricity | dam_type = E | dam_length = {{Convert|970|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_height = {{Convert|128|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = | dam_volume = | dam_crosses = Black River | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | res_name = Sông Đà Reservoir | res_capacity_total = {{Convert|1600000000|m3|ft3|abbr=on}} | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{Convert|208|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = | plant_decommission = | plant_type = C | plant_turbines = 8 × 240 MW | plant_capacity = 1,920 MW | plant_annual_gen = 8,160 GWh | website = | extra = }}{{Commons category|Hoa Binh Dam}} The Hòa Bình Dam on the Black River (Vietnamese: sông Đà) is the largest hydroelectric dam in Vietnam, and the 2nd largest in South East Asia (next to San Roque dam in the Philippines).[1] Power is generated by utilizing eight turbines with a capacity of {{nowrap|240 MW}}, totalling the installed capacity to {{nowrap|1,920 MW}}.[2] The Sông Đà Reservoir (Black River Reservoir) was formed as the river was dammed.[3] The dam is located on the Black River in Hòa Bình of the Hòa Bình Province, in Vietnam.[4] It measures {{Convert|128|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in height, and {{Convert|970|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in length. The facility is owned by Vietnam Electricity, and produces up to {{nowrap|8,160 GWh}} of power annually. Construction on the rockfill dam began in November 1979 and was completed in 1994.[1][5] Financed and built with the Russian money and experts it now produces approximately 27% of Vietnam's electricity and is currently staffed by 800 workers. 11,141 households, approximately 89,720 people, were relocated[6] with 13 thousand ha of land being submerged. During construction there were 168 deaths, eleven Russian experts and 157 Vietnamese. On the neighboring Tuong Hill an 18m high, 400 ton statue of Ho Chi Minh stands looking over the dam.[7] The story goes that when Ho Chi Minh crossed the Red River here in a boat during the nation's struggle for independence against America he was so frustrated with the difficulty that he proclaimed that when North and South are reunified a dam will be built to calm the mighty river. {{clear}}See also{{stack|{{Portal|Vietnam|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-vietnam.htm |title=Hydroelectric power stations in Vietnam |publisher=Industcards.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719031413/http%3A//www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dvietnam.htm |archivedate=2009-07-19 |df= }} {{Black River (Asia) dams}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoa Binh Dam}}2. ^Hoa Binh Hydro Power Plant {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423071822/http://www.evn.com.vn/hoabinhpp/eng/Gioithieu1.htm |date=April 23, 2008 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arcbc.org.ph/wetlands/vietnam/vnm_sonda_res.htm |title=Song Da Reservoir |work=Song Da Reservoir |publisher=ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity Conservation |accessdate=4 April 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806024115/http://www.arcbc.org.ph/wetlands/vietnam/vnm_sonda_res.htm |archivedate=6 August 2010 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/hoa-binh-dam-on-the-black-river/ |title=Location of the Hòa Bình Dam |publisher=Virtualglobetrotting.com |date=2007-01-22 |accessdate=2010-04-04}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.probeinternational.org/files/pdfs/muw/Hoa_Binh_Compensation.pdf |title=Mekong Utility Watch - Resettlement Performance - Hoa Binh Hydropower Project |format=PDF |date=2006-08-22 |publisher=Probe International |accessdate=2010-04-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100820201926/http://www.probeinternational.org/files/pdfs/muw/Hoa_Binh_Compensation.pdf |archivedate=2010-08-20 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Dan|first=Phuc Tiep|title=Hoa Binh Hydropower: Impacts on resettled and downstream communities|url=http://www.nature.org.vn/en/tai-lieu/mrf2011/PPP_12_Hoa_Binh_field_trip_Intro.pdf|work=Hoa Binh Union of Science and Technology Association}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=ToursInVietnam|title=Hoa-Binh-Hydropower-Plant|url=http://www.toursinvietnam.com/Hoa-Binh/Hoa-Binh-Hydropower-Plant/}} 8 : Hydroelectric power stations in Vietnam|Buildings and structures in Hoa Binh Province|Dams completed in 1994|Energy infrastructure completed in 1994|Dams on the Black (Lixian) River|Dams in Vietnam|Soviet Union–Vietnam relations|Soviet foreign aid |
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