| 词条 | John W. Taylor (Mormon) |
| 释义 |
| name = John W. Taylor | PD_image = Johnwtaylor.gif | birth_name = John Whittaker Taylor | birth_date = {{Birth date|1858|05|15}} | birth_place = Provo, Utah Territory, United States | death_date = {{death date and age|1916|10|10|1858|05|15}} | death_place = Forest Dale, Utah, United States | death_cause = Stomach cancer | resting_place = Salt Lake City Cemetery | resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|40|46|37.92|N|111|51|28.8|W|type:landmark|display=inline}} | spouse = 6 | children = | parents = John Taylor Sophia Whitaker | position_or_quorum1 = Quorum of the Twelve Apostles | president1 = John Taylor | start_date1 = {{start date|1884|05|15}} | end_date1 = April 1905 | end_reason1 = Resigned from Quorum in opposition to church's stance against plural marriage | position_or_quorum2 = LDS Church Apostle | president2 = John Taylor | start_date2 = {{start date|1884|05|15}} | ordination_reason2 = Death of Charles C. Rich | end_date2 = {{end date|1911|03|28}}[1] | end_reason2 = Excommunicated for opposition to church's stance against plural marriage | reorganization2 = No apostles ordained[2] | list_notes = Son of John Taylor. Resigned from the Quorum in October 1905 and was excommunicated in 1911. | poly_date = September 25, 1888 | poly_wives = 6 | poly_notes = Due to his staunch belief in the doctrine of plural marriage, Taylor continued to privately marry additional wives even after the church officially forbade the practice with the 1890 Manifesto. When discovered, Taylor resigned from the Quorum of the Twelve. | portals = LDS }} John Whitaker Taylor (May 15, 1858 – October 10, 1916) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and was the son of John Taylor, the third president of the church. While he was an apostle, Taylor was excommunicated from the LDS Church for opposing the church's abandonment of plural marriage. Family and occupationJohn W. Taylor was born in Provo, Utah Territory, while his parents John Taylor and Sophia Whitaker were taking shelter there, along with other church members, during the Utah War. He married May Leona Rich (daughter of John Taylor Rich and Agnes Young) on October 19, 1882, and moved to Cassia County, Idaho, to ranch. As a practitioner of plural marriage, Taylor later married Nellie Todd, Janet Maria Wooley, Eliza Roxie Welling, Rhoda Welling, and Ellen Georgina Sandberg. He also worked as a county clerk and a newspaper editor. Taylor's son Samuel W. Taylor became his biographer and a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction. Church service and conflictIn the LDS Church, Taylor was ordained as a deacon around 1872 and as a teacher in 1874. He also served as missionary in the United States, Canada, and England. Taylor was asked to be an apostle and member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the church by his father. He was ordained on May 15, 1884, his 26th birthday. Taylor was a staunch believer in the doctrine of plural marriage, and had six wives and 36 children. Although the church officially forbade the practice with the 1890 Manifesto, Taylor continued to privately marry additional wives and under pressure submitted his resignation from the Quorum of the Twelve on October 28, 1905.[3] Matthias F. Cowley also resigned from the Quorum at the same time over the plural marriage dispute.[3] The following February, Marriner W. Merrill died. In the April General Conference of 1906, the resignations of Cowley and Taylor were presented to and accepted by the general church membership.[3] As a result, three new apostles were called to replace them and Merrill: George F. Richards, Orson F. Whitney, and David O. McKay. Taylor disputed with the Quorum of the Twelve often after his resignation. He was finally excommunicated on March 28, 1911 for continued opposition to the Second Manifesto.[4][5] However, he remained a believer in Mormonism up to his death. He died of stomach cancer at his home in Forest Dale, Salt Lake County, Utah, at age 58.[6] He was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery. In August 1916, Taylor was posthumously baptized by proxy and reinstated into the church by two stake presidents. However, a year later, the First Presidency officially stated that the reinstatement was null and void. He was later officially rebaptized and on May 21, 1965, received the ordinance of Restoration of Blessings by proxy under the hands of Joseph Fielding Smith, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, with the unanimous approval of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.[7][8][9] HonorsThe Taylor Stake of the LDS Church, which was headquartered in Raymond, Alberta, was named in Taylor's honor. As an apostle, Taylor had made considerable efforts to assist the Mormon settlers in Canada. The Taylor Stake was renamed the Raymond Alberta Stake in the 1970s. In the 2000s, the town of Raymond built a street named Taylor Street in his honor. An LDS Church chapel was built on the street, and it is named the Taylor Street Chapel. See also{{Wikipedia books|1=Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church) }}
Notes1. ^Taylor resigned from the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in April 1905; however, he remained an ordained apostle of the church until his excommunication in 1911. 2. ^Since Taylor had been removed from the Quorum of the Twelve in 1905, his excommunication occasioned no vacancy in the Quorum of the Twelve. 3. ^1 2 Thomas G. Alexander, Mormonism in Transition: A History of the Latter-day Saints, 1890–1930 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986) pp. 65–66. 4. ^Victor W. Jorgensen & B. Carmon Hardy, "The Taylor–Cowley Affair and the Watershed of Mormon History", Utah Historical Quarterly 48:4 (1980). 5. ^{{cite news | title=Disciplining the Rebellious | date=May 13, 1911 | work=Salt Lake Tribune | page=6 | url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045396/1911-05-13/ed-1/seq-6/ | accessdate=2015-06-15}} 6. ^State of Utah Death Certificate {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718172431/http://images.archives.utah.gov/data/81448/2229574/2229574_0000995.jpg |date=2011-07-18 }}. 7. ^Deseret News Church Almanac{{full|date=August 2015}} 8. ^Samuel W. Taylor (1974, rev. ed.). Family Kingdom (Salt Lake City, Utah: Western Epics). 9. ^Jerry H. Houck, Witnesses of Christ: Prophets and Apostles of Our Dispensation (Springville, Utah: Cedar Fort, 2015) s.v. "John W. Taylor". References
External links{{commonscat-inline}}
| title= Quorum of the Twelve Apostles | years= May 15, 1884 – April 1905 | before=Heber J. Grant | after= Marriner W. Merrill |}}{{s-end}}{{LDSApostles}}{{LDScouncil50}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Taylor, John W. (Mormon)}} 18 : 1858 births|1916 deaths|19th-century Mormon missionaries|American general authorities (LDS Church)|American Mormon missionaries in the United States|Deaths from cancer in Utah|Deaths from stomach cancer|American Mormon missionaries in Canada|American Mormon missionaries in England|People from Provo, Utah|People from Salt Lake City|Mormonism and polygamy|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Canada|Apostles (LDS Church)|Members of the Council of Fifty|People excommunicated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery|Latter Day Saints from Utah |
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