| 词条 | Iain Lobban |
| 释义 |
Sir Iain Robert Lobban, KCMG, CB (born 1960) is a former British civil servant. He was the Director of the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), the British signals intelligence agency, from 2008 to 2014. Education and careerBorn in Nigeria, Lobban graduated from the University of Leeds with a Bachelor of Arts in languages.[1][2] He joined GCHQ in 1983 and undertook a variety of roles before joining the GCHQ Board in 2001.[2] He was a participant of the Cabinet Office's Top Management Programme that year. He has also completed the Higher Command and Staff Course at the Ministry of Defence's staff college at Shrivenham.[3] Whilst on the Board he was responsible for moving the operations of GCHQ into its new base at The Doughnut at Benhall, Gloucestershire. Before being appointed Director, Lobban was Director-General (Operations); having taken up this post in early 2004. He became the Director of GCHQ in July 2008, succeeding Sir David Pepper.[2] Lobban spoke of his regret over the treatment of cryptographer Alan Turing in October 2012.[4] Turing, who committed suicide after being convicted of homosexuality, was described by Lobban as a "national asset" and said that more people like Turing were needed to face contemporary information security threats.[4] In November 2013 in the wake of the global surveillance disclosures by the former American National Security Agency (NSA) contractor Edward Snowden, Lobban and the other heads of the British intelligence agencies, Andrew Parker of MI5, and John Sawers of MI6 appeared before the Joint Intelligence Committee.[3] During his questioning by the committee Lobban said that "I do not look at the surrounding hay" referring to the metadata collected by GCHQ.[3] Lobban said that the disclosures had been discussed by terrorist groups in the Middle East and Afghanistan.[3] The effect of Snowden's revelations would make GCHQ's task "...far, far harder in the future".[3] Snowden's extensive disclosures revealed details of GCHQ's recent activities and capabilities, including the Tempora electronic surveillance program, GCHQ's tapping of international fiber-optic communications, and the NSA's payment to GCHQ over £100 Million between 2009 and 2012.[5] It was announced in January 2014 that Lobban would stand down as GCHQ director before the end of the year.[1] Lobban's American equivalents, the head of the National Security Agency, General Keith B. Alexander, and his deputy, John C. Inglis, also stood down from their posts in 2014.[1] He formally retired on 24 October 2014.[6] After retiring from the government, Lobban went on to advise the Australian government before joining the advisory board of private security firm the Holdingham Group, which is now known as Hakluyt & Company.[7] Lobban was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 2006 New Year Honours for services to national security[8] and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 2013 New Year Honours for services to national security.[9] Lobban is a supporter of Everton F. C., and counts cricket, photography, travel and bird watching among his hobbies.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/jan/28/gchq-head-sir-iain-lobban-stands-down|title=GCHQ head Sir Iain Lobban stands down|date=28 January 2014|publisher=The Guardian|author=Ewen MacAskill|accessdate=28 January 2014}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/aldrich/vigilant/lectures/gchq/lobban/|title=Iain Lobban becomes Director of GCHQ|author=Richard J. Aldrich|publisher=University of Warwick|date=June 2008|accessdate=27 January 2014}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/07/heads-of-gchq-mi5-and-mi6-appear-before-intelligence-committee-live|title=Spy agency chiefs defend surveillance – as it happened|date=7 November 2013|publisher=The Guardian|author=Paul Owen|accessdate=28 January 2014}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/oct/04/alan-turing-uk-cybercrime|title=GCHQ chief expresses regret at treatment of Alan Turing|date=4 October 2012|publisher=The Guardian|author=Nick Hopkins and Richard Norton-Taylor|accessdate=28 January 2014}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/aug/01/nsa-paid-gchq-spying-edward-snowden|title=Exclusive: NSA pays £100m in secret funding for GCHQ|author=James Ball, Luke Harding and Juliette Garside|date =1 August 2013|accessdate=2 August 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/oct/21/gchq-outgoing-director-sir-iain-lobban-edward-snowden-revelations|title=Outgoing GCHQ boss defends agency activities after Snowden revelations|publisher=The Guardian|date=21 October 2014|accessdate=24 October 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.caat.org.uk/resources/influence/person/3185/meetings |title=Resources - Influence - Person - 3185 - Iain Lobban |publisher=CAAT |date=2015-09-14 |accessdate=2017-02-17}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk/ViewPDF.aspx?pdf=57855&geotype=London&gpn=2&type= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925155623/http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk/ViewPDF.aspx?pdf=57855&geotype=London&gpn=2&type= |dead-url=yes |archive-date=25 September 2008 |title=Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood |accessdate=22 September 2008 |date=31 December 2005 |work=The London Gazette |publisher=The London Gazette |df=dmy-all }} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=60367 |date=29 December 2012 |page=3 |supp=y }} External links
before=Sir David Pepper| title=Director of GCHQ | years=2008–2014 | after= Robert Hannigan }}{{end box}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lobban, Iain}} 6 : 1960 births|Living people|Companions of the Order of the Bath|Directors of the Government Communications Headquarters|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Alumni of the University of Leeds |
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