“Ian McDiarmid”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Ian McDiarmid ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|k|ˈ|d|ɜːr|m|ᵻ|d}}; born 11 August 1944) is a Scottish character actor and director. He has appeared in 47 films since 1976. He portrayed Emperor Sheev Palpatine in the Star Wars film series.^[1] He has received an Olivier Award for Best Actor and a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his performances.

Early life

McDiarmid was born in Carnoustie, Scotland. He became a theatre aficionado when he was five years old, when his father took him to see an act named Tommy Morgan at a theatre in Dundee. In 2004, he stated, "It sort of fascinated me, and it also scared me. All those lights, all that make-up. I said to myself, 'I don't know what this is, but I want it.'"^[2]

However, fearing his father's disapproval, McDiarmid attended Queens College, Dundee, (now the University of Dundee, but then a constituent part of the University of St Andrews), where he received a M.A. in psychology. Soon after, he decided to pursue a career in the theatre instead, and took acting training courses at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow.

In 1968, McDiarmid received a gold medal for his work, the first of many recognitions given to him for his work in the theatre. McDiarmid claimed he became its recipient "by doing all the boring jobs you have to do when you are young, to eke out an existence."^[3]

Career

Theatre

McDiarmid has won praise as an actor and director in British theatre. He has starred in several Shakespeare plays, including Hamlet (1972), The Tempest (1974, 2000), Much Ado About Nothing (1976), Trevor Nunn's 1976 Macbeth (television 1978), The Merchant of Venice (1984) and King Lear (2005). He played Ivanov in Tom Stoppard's play Every Good Boy Deserves Favour at the Mermaid Theatre in 1978.

From 1990, McDiarmid and Jonathan Kent served as the artistic directors of the Almeida Theatre in Islington, London, gaining the commitment of prominent actresses such as Glenda Jackson and Claire Bloom for their productions.^[4] The two men resigned in 2001 with the venue in good shape.^[5] In 1998, they shared the Special Evening Standard Award for Theatrical Achievement of the Year.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} Their tenure was marked by a string of highly successful performances involving actors such as Kevin Spacey and Ralph Fiennes.^[6] While connected with the Almeida, McDiarmid directed plays such as Venice Preserv'd (1986) and Hippolytus (1991). In 2002, McDiarmid won Almeida Theatre's Critic's Circle Award for Best Actor for his role as Teddy in a revival of Brian Friel's Faith Healer. Five years later in 2006, he reprised this role in his debut on Broadway.^[7] Directed by Kent, he performed alongside Ralph Fiennes and Cherry Jones, and won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} From April to June 2012, he played the title role in Timon of Athens at Chicago Shakespeare Theater.^[8]

He portrayed Harry Hackamore in Sam Shepard's play Seduced. McDiarmid described Hackamore as a Howard Hughes-type character. To play the part, he was made up in prosthetics, including a false beard and long fingernails. McDiarmid was only 37 at the time, and this convinced George Lucas and Richard Marquand that he could convincingly play a much older character in extreme cinematic close-up, which helped him land the role of Palpatine.^[9]

Star Wars

After a minor part in the film Dragonslayer,^[10] McDiarmid was cast by George Lucas in Return of the Jedi as Emperor Palpatine, the main villain.^[11] Sixteen years after appearing in Return of the Jedi, he reprised the role as the character's younger incarnation of Senator (and later Chancellor) Palpatine and Sith Lord Darth Sidious in the prequel films: The Phantom Menace,^[12] Attack of the Clones,^[13] and Revenge of the Sith. The prequels had him play two faces to his character; he re-created his diabolical interpretation of Palpatine from Return of the Jedi when playing Darth Sidious, the Chancellor's Sith alter ego, but created a pleasant, charming character in Palpatine's public persona.

In the 2004 re-release of The Empire Strikes Back, a brief scene between Darth Vader and a hologram of Emperor Palpatine was updated to include McDiarmid. The Emperor was originally voiced by Clive Revill for that scene, and visually portrayed by Marjorie Eaton.^[14]^[15]^[16] With this addition to The Empire Strikes Back, McDiarmid has now appeared in every live-action film version in which Palpatine appears.

He has also worked with the Star Wars expanded universe as the voice of Palpatine in the video game adaptations of The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi. McDiarmid made a small appearance during Celebration Europe. On 23–26 August 2012, he attended Celebration VI in Orlando, Florida and had his own show titled The Phantom Menace: Ian McDiarmid, hosted by James Arnold Taylor, in which he talked about his experience working on Star Wars and how he landed the role of Palpatine. Ian McDiarmid also voiced a pig version of Palpatine for a promo video on Angry Birds Star Wars II, entitled "Join the Pork Side".^[17]

Television and radio

McDiarmid took an early role as Mickey Hamilton, a killer intent on avenging the death of his wife and child in The Professionals for London Weekend Television. In 1990, he starred in the Inspector Morse episode "Masonic Mysteries" as the psychopathic con man Hugo DeVries. In 1997, McDiarmid played the villain, Ronald Hinks, in the Touching Evil two-part episode "Through the Clouds/The Lost Boys". He played the role of police detective Porfiry Petrovich in the BBC's 2002 adaptation of Fyodor Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment. In 2003, McDiarmid took the role of the Stuart statesman Edward Hyde, in the BBC series The Power and The Passion.

In 2005, he portrayed Satan in the 41-part BBC Four radio drama based on John Milton's Paradise Lost, which was subsequently re-broadcast on BBC7.^[18] Recently, he played the writer and pioneer of policing, Henry Fielding, in the Channel 4 historical drama series City of Vice and Denis Thatcher in 2009's Margaret.

McDiarmid played intelligence chief LeClerc in a 2009 BBC Radio dramatization of John le Carré's The Looking Glass War.

In 2014, he played a leading role as British Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey in the BBC television drama 37 Days, which is about the diplomatic crisis preceding the First World War. He also had a recurring role on series 2 of Utopia, playing the role of Anton.

In September 2016, McDiarmid starred in the audio podcast drama series Akiha Den Den. He played Cuttings, a ham radio buff who picks up a mysterious voice (Joy McAvoy) coming from an abandoned amusement park.

Work in theatre

Stage appearances

Stage director

Filmography

Theatrical film

Television

Awards and nominations

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Irvine|first1=Lindesay|title=In the Shadow of Evil|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/07/theatre1|website=The Guardian|ref=Shadow}}
2. ^{{cite web|author=Simon Hattenstone|title=Force for change|date=17 December 2001|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2001/dec/17/features.simonhattenstone|accessdate=27 August 2006}}
3. ^Star Wars Actors Database at Nerf-Herders-Anonymous.net; retrieved 23 August 2006.
4. ^Matt Wolf [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/11/theater/theater-a-new-london-theater-team-is-attracting-stars.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm "Theater; A New London Theater Team Is Attracting Stars"], New York Times, 11 March 1990
5. ^Michael Billington [https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2001/sep/05/artsfeatures1 "'Our time had come'"], The Guardian, 5 September 2001
6. ^{{cite web |author=Fiachra Gibbons |title=Celebrated double act quits Almeida theatre |date=5 September 2001 |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/sep/05/fiachragibbons |accessdate=23 October 2006}}
7. ^{{cite web |author=Simi Horwitz |title=The Emperor's New Role |date=5 September 2001 |work=BackStage |url=http://backstage.com/bso/news_reviews/features/feature_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002577371&imw |accessdate=24 October 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201051724/http://www.backstage.com/bso/news_reviews/features/feature_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002577371&imw |archivedate=2008-12-01 }}
8. ^"Timon of Athens", Chicago Shakespeare Theater. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
9. ^[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001519/bio Ian McDiarmid at the Internet Movie Database]. Retrieved 26 August 2006.
10. ^{{cite news |title=INTERVIEW: Star Wars Emperor Ian McDiarmid trades his lightsaber in and treads the boards in Chichester |url=https://www.chichester.co.uk/news/interview-star-wars-emperor-ian-mcdiarmid-trades-his-lightsaber-in-and-treads-the-boards-in-chichester-1-1507051 |date=21 August 2008 |access-date=20 June 2018 |newspaper=Chichester Observer |publisher=Johnston Publishing}}
11. ^{{cite news |last=Truitt |first=Brian |title='Star Wars' Emperor recalls his first day on the job |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2013/05/01/ian-mcdiarmid-star-wars-return-of-the-jedi-movie/2127931/ |date=1 May 2013 |access-date=20 June 2018 |newspaper=USA Today |publisher=Gannett}}
12. ^{{cite news |title=Ian McDiarmid: 'I don't want anyone else to play Emperor Palpatine' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-41345887 |date=22 September 2017 |access-date=20 June 2018 |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC}}
13. ^{{cite news |last=Harrop |first=Joanne Klimovich |title=Star Wars' evil Emperor Palpatine (Ian McDiarmid) to reign over Steel City Comic Con in April |url=http://triblive.com/lifestyles/morelifestyles/13216131-74/the-emperor-is-coming-ian-mcdiarmid-emperor-palpatine-will-be-attending-steel |date=23 January 2018 |access-date=20 June 2018 |newspaper=TribLive |publisher=Trib Total Media, LLC}}
14. ^{{cite book|last=Rinzler |first=J.W. |title=The Making of Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back|publisher=Ballantine Group|edition=Enhanced |date=22 Oct 2013|language=English|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-U0PAAAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s | isbn=9780345543363}}
15. ^{{cite web|last1=Courley|first1=Matt|title=I Was There Too|url=http://www.earwolf.com/episode/bonus-episode-the-empire-strikes-back-controversy-averted/|website=earwolf.com|publisher=Earwolf|accessdate=10 November 2016}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://io9.com/5660319/yoda-was-originally-played-by-a-monkey-in-a-mask-and-other-secrets-of-the-empire-strikes-back|title=Yoda was originally played by a monkey in a mask, and other secrets of The Empire Strikes Back|accessdate=30 November 2010|publisher=io9}}
17. ^[https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151964584639928&set=a.428114379927.205212.314467614927&type=1&theater Join the Pork Side] Facebook
18. ^{{cite web |author= Ed Pettit |title=Of Man's first disobedience | date=23 November 2006 | url=http://bibliothecary.squarespace.com/blog/2006/11/23/of-mans-first-disobedience.html | accessdate=10 February 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071015115132/http://bibliothecary.squarespace.com/blog/2006/11/23/of-mans-first-disobedience.html |archivedate = 15 October 2007}}
19. ^"Round House and Open Space, theatre companies: Catalogue of records in the Victoria and Albert Museum: Theatre Collections", Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
20. ^Milnes, Rodney. The King Goes Forth to France (Royal Opera at Covent Garden, April 1). Opera, May 1987, Vol.38 No.5 p575-580.