1. History
    Prehispanic History  Colonial Era  Independence & 19th Century  Revolution & 20th Century  21st Century 

2. Communities

3. Tourist attractions
    Lago de Tequesquitengo 

4. Fiestas, dances, and traditions

5. Economy

6. See also

7. References

8. External links

Jojutla has an area of 143 km² (55.2 miles²), representing 2.88% of the state. It is located at 890 meters (2,920 ft.) above sea level. The municipality reported 57,121 inhabitants in the year 2015 census.^[2]

The towns of Tequesquitengo and Huautla as well as Lake Tequesquitengo and Jardines de Mexico^[3] are also located in the municipality.

History

Prehispanic History

The area that is Jojutla today was covered by the internal Sea of Plancarte in the Paleozoic Era. The first inhabitants are believed to have arrived 22,000 years ago.^[4] Although fragments of obsidian, ceramic, and pottery have been found in the atriums of the chapels of Teocalzingo, Guadalupe, and Tlatenchi, no serious archaeological studies have been undertaken in the area. The Codex Mendoza tells us that people lived in Jojutla from 1425-1436 CE, when they were conquered by the troops of Izcóatl and Nezahualcóyotl, and submitted to the Calpixca Acolhua of Tlaquiltenango and the lordship of Cuauhnáhuac.^[1]

Colonial Era

The exact date when the Spanish arrived is unclear, but the establishment of the town of San Miguel Xoxutla suggests they arrived on September 29 of 1522 or 1523, considering that in 1524 they inaugurated the bridge and dam of Cuernavaquita in Tlaquiltenango under orders from Hernan Cortes.^[5] The area was governed by Tlaquiltenango, particularly after the arrival of the religious orders in 1549 and 1604.^[5]

The area around Xoxutla was quite swampy, so agriculture was not very profitable. The principal economic activities were fishing, production of indigo dye, and basketry.^[5]

As the population increased, a Sunday market developed in the Plaza de Arriba (atrium the church of San Miguel). The opening of the Acapulco-México trade route in the 17th century and the bridge of Our Lady of Guadalupe over the Apatlaco River on July 16, 1616, encouraged the growth of the market.^[4]

One confusing fact as to the date of foundation of Jojutla is that 18 families headed by Ignacio de la Luz fled from Chimalacatlan because of an epidemic. The Dominican friars of the Villa de Tlaquiltenango accepted them in the town of San Jerónimo Metl, on April 14, 1695. Incidentally, this confusion in part comes from Dr. Santos Amador Espinoza, who wrote Notes on the history of the City of Jojutla de Juárez in 1895, but whose information was later contradicted by Father José Agapito Mateo Minos Campuzano. The town of San Jerónimo Metl itself was devastated by a cholera epidemic in May 1770.^[4]

On September 14, 1722, in hacienda of San Gabriel, the muleteer José Cerón found an image of the crucified Christ, which was taken to the chapel of the hacienda, only to mysteriously disappear three times. The Dominican friars then took it their monastery in Tlaquiltenango on January 1, 1723, when it again disappeared, only to reappear on the main altar of the chapel of Our Lady of Guadalupe, of the town of Archangel San Miguel Xoxutla. Since that time, there has been a festival in Xoxutla (Jojutla).^[5]

Independence & 19th Century

During the War of Mexican Independence Juan Antonio Tlaxcoapan of Tlaquiltenango led a group of citizens to meet Generals Vicente Guerrero and Nicolás Bravo in Chimalacatlan on September 8, 1813. The citizens of Jojutla did not join the Insurgents in Chilpancingo, and once their army withdrew Tlaxcoapan was taken prisoner and shot by Spanish authorities on November 6, 1813. Today he is recognized as a local hero.^[5]

The Jojutla Railway began on September 21, 1890.^[6]

On April 14, 1895, at the initiative of a group led by the priest Agapito Mateo Minos Campuzano, Jojutla celebrated its bicentennial.^[7]

Revolution & 20th Century

There was a bloody battle during the Mexican Revolution until the city was taken and looted by Maderistas under the command of Pablo Torres Burgo, and Gabriel Tepepa. The Revolutionaries sacked the city.^[8]

21st Century

An illegal, secret graveyard used by the government was discovered in Jojutla in March 2017. This was similar to the one found in Tetelcingo two years earlier. Of the 85 bodies found in Jojutla, 54 involved cases that the police had not even bothered to investigate. 30,000 people have "disappeared" in Mexico in the years up to February, 2018.^[12]

Jojutla was hit harder than anywhere else in Morelos during the September 19, 2017 earthquake. At least 73 people died, hundreds were injured, 150 houses collapsed, and many other buildings, including schools and the Palacio Municipal (city hall), were damaged.^[13][14]

Two parachutists died on March 23, 2019, when their equipment failed and they landed in the Autopista del Sol at Kilometer 132, near Jardines de Mexico. They were employed by a school of parachutes in the area.^[16]

Festival Vaivén 2019 (art & music festival) will be held in Jardines de Mexico on March 30, 2019.^[26]

Communities

• Jojutla de Juárez is the municipal seat. The city has 45% of the total population in the municipality and is located 45 km from Cuernavaca. There are two hospitals, three universities, and three high schools. Jojutla has 18,867 inhabitants and is located at an altitude of 882 meters.^[17]
• Unidad Habitacional Morelos has 25% of the municipal population and is located 7 km from Jojutla de Juarez. It is a residential community. It has a population of 3,688^[18]
• Tehuixtla is a ranching and agricultural community with an important tourist sector. 9% of the population live there; 15 km from Jojutla de Juarez. There are 6,311 inhabitants and it is located at an altitude of 879 meters.^[19] ISSSTEHUIXTLA, a waterpark run by the social service agency for government workers, is located in the community.
• Tlatenchi is a ranching and agricultural community 5 km from Jojutla de Juarez. There are 5,555 inhabitants and is located at an altitude of 899 meters.^[20]
• Tequesquitengo is a small tourist community on the shores of the lake by the same name. It has a permanent population of 3,150 inhabitants and is located 10 km from Jojutla de Juarez.^[21]

Tourist attractions

• Aqua Splash waterpark. 5 minutes from Tequesquitengo. Capacity for 8,000. 8 swimming pools, wave pool, Kamakazi, athletic fields.^[22]
• La Plata waterpark. 6 swimming pools, 3 wading pools, 5 water slides, athletic fields.^[23]
• Las Palmas waterpark. 3 swimming pools, camping area, 6 cabins, athletic fields. There is an artificial lake connected to Rio Amacuzac with a protected area for iguanas and other animals.^[24] Located in Tehuixtla.
• Cocos Bugambilia waterpark. Swimming pool, wading pool, dance floor.^[25]
• Los Naranjos waterpark. 2 pools, restaurant, campground. Located in Panchimalco.^[26]
• Issstehuixtla waterpark. Government run, open to the public. 6 swimming pools, wading pool, diving pool, athletic fields, cabins, campground. There is a 9-meter deep natural pool with sulfur water.^[27] Located in Tehuixtla.

Lago de Tequesquitengo

Known as The Sea of Morelos^[28], Lake Tequesquitengo provides relaxation and fun such as water skiing, skydiving, snorkeling, bungee jumping, or scuba diving. There are hotels around the lake in all price categories.Teques is a popular weekend destination for Mexicans from the capital and the State of Morelos.^[29][30]

The lake has a tragic history. The general belief is that the village of Tequesquitengo was flooded by the Mosso brothers, who--according to Alfonso Toussaint--owned the San José Vista Hermosa hacienda in the mid-19th century, which was erected during the colonial era in the upper part of the valley. Newspapers of the nineteenth century pointed out that in the northern part of the valley there was a small lagoon, which was sustenance for the colonial town of Tequesquitengo, in addition to the tequesquite, a mineral from which the settlement took its name.^[31] Until a difference between the peasants and the hacendados caused the latter to divert the flow of surplus water from the irrigation channels of the hacienda to the valley, flooding it and forcing its settlers to settle on the shores of the lake that formed covering the town and its church, San Juan Bautista.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

Scholars differ about when the flooding began, suggesting dates between 1820 and 1880, with some blaming the earthquake of 1845.^[32][33]

Not far from the lake there is the town Chisco, a paradise for mountain bikers.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

Fiestas, dances, and traditions

• New Year's Fair, January 1-10, Jojutla de Juárez.
• Flag Day, February 24-28, Jicarero.
• Semana cultural, March 21-29, Jojutla.
• Feria del Arroz, June (exact dates vary) Jojutla (7 days).
• Feast of San Juan, June 24, Panchimalco.
• Feast of Santa María, September 8, Tlatenchi.
• Feast of San Francisco, October 4, Higuerón.
• Feast of the Virgin of the Rosary, 1st Sunday of October, Tehuixtla (5 days)^[5]
• Festival Vaivén 2019 (art & music festival) will be celebrated in Jardines de Mexico, March 30, 2019.^[35]

Brass bands to accompany the dances of Los Tecuanes, Las Pastoras and Chinelos at festivals.

Food.

Red, white, and green pozole; corn tamales of all kinds: fish, nopales with onions, huazmole; different rice plates; cecina; barbecue; and tacos dorados.^[5]

Economy

Agriculture is the most important economic activity in Jojutla. Sugarcane, rice, corn, beans, jicama, and watermelons are grown. Livestock are raised for both meat and dairy. The industrial sector is small, with only two companies; one produces wires and conductors, while the other produces boxes and disposable plates.^[4]

Jojutla is an important trading center not only within the municipality, but it also draws customers from other areas in the south part of the state of Morelos. Tourism is important, with Lake Tequesquitengo, Jardines de Mexico, four spas, three water parks, thirty-five restaurants, and twenty-two hotels.^[4]

See also

• List of people from Morelos, Mexico
• Jorge Carrillo Olea

References

External links

• Crater Jojutla Astronomy

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• Hillsburgh, Ontario
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