| 词条 | Ich armer Mensch, ich Sündenknecht, BWV 55 |
| 释义 |
| title = {{lang|de|Ich armer Mensch, ich Sündenknecht}} | bwv = 55 | type = Church cantata | image = Manuscript-BWV55-5.png | caption = The final page from the original manuscript of BWV 55, with the concluding four-part chorale | occasion = 22nd Sunday after Trinity | performed = {{nowrap|{{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1726|11|17|df=y}}|location=Leipzig}}}} | movements = 5 | text_poet = Christoph Birkmann | chorale = "{{lang|de|Werde munter, mein Gemüte|italic=no}}" | vocal = {{plainlist|
}} | instrumental = {{hlist | flauto traverso | oboe d'amore | 2 violins | viola | continuo }} | italic title = no }} Johann Sebastian Bach composed the church cantata {{lang|de|Ich armer Mensch, ich Sündenknecht}} (I, wretched man, a servant to sin), {{abbr|BWV|Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (catalogue of Bach's works)}}{{nbsp}}55, in Leipzig for the 22nd Sunday after Trinity and first performed it on 17 November 1726. History and wordsBach wrote the cantata, a solo cantata for a tenor, in 1726 in Leipzig for the 22nd Sunday after Trinity. It is Bach's only extant cantata for tenor.[1] The prescribed readings for the Sunday were from the Epistle to the Philippians, thanks and prayer for the congregation in Philippi ({{Sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=Philippians|chapter=1|verse=3|range=–11}}), and from the Gospel of Matthew, the parable of the unforgiving servant ({{Sourcetext|source=Bible|version=King James|book=Matthew|chapter=18|verse=23|range=–35}}). Christoph Birkmann, the poet of the cantata text stressed the opposites of the gospel, God's justice versus unjust men, in the words of the first aria "{{lang|de|Er ist gerecht, ich ungerecht}}" ("He is just, unjust am I"). In the first two movements the singer reflects his sinful condition, in the following two he asks God for mercy, beginning both with Erbarme dich ("Have mercy"). The following closing chorale is verse 6 of Johann Rist "{{lang|de|Werde munter, mein Gemüte|italic=no}}" (1642). Bach used the same verse later in his St Matthew Passion, again following Erbarme dich, the aria of Peter, regretting his denial of Jesus.[1][2] Bach led the first performance on 17 November 1726.[2] Scoring and structureThe cantata in five movements is scored for a tenor soloist, a four-part choir (only for the final chorale), flauto traverso, oboe d'amore, two violins, viola, and basso continuo.[2]
MusicA rich polyphonic setting for flute, oboe d'amore and two violins, without viola, accompanies the opening aria. The motifs seem to illustrate the faltering steps and a despairing heart of the steward summoned before his master.[1] The second aria is as expressive, accompanied by a virtuoso flute. The first recitative is secco, but the second one accompanied by string chords. The closing chorale is verse 6 of Johann Rist's "Werde munter", to Johann Schop's tune.[4] The same text and melody occur in the St Matthew Passion, there in a simpler four-part setting,[2] and Bach uses Schop's melody with other texts such as the well known "Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring" in Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben, BWV 147. The last three movements of the autograph score differ from the Leipzig performance parts, leading some to conclude they were originally part of an earlier composition, possibly the lost 1717 Weimar Passion.[1][2] Recordings
References1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite AV media notes | last = Gardiner| first = John Eliot| author-link = John Eliot Gardiner| url = https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/dc.asp?dc=D_SDG171| title = Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) / Cantatas Nos 52, 55, 60, 89, 115, 139, 140 & 163| publisher = Soli Deo Gloria (at Hyperion Records website)| year = 2010| accessdate = 28 October 2018}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation|author=Alfred Dürr|title=The cantatas of J.S. Bach|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|pages=616–619|isbn=0-19-929776-2}} 3. ^{{citation|first=Richard|last=Stokes|year=2004|publisher=Scarecrow Press|title=J.S. Bach: The complete cantatas in German-English translation|pages=91–92|isbn=0-8108-3933-4}}, the original German texts of all Bach's sacred and secular cantatas, accompanied by English translations 4. ^http://www.bach-cantatas.com/CM/Werde-munter.htm" Sources
External links
2 : Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach|1726 compositions |
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