| 释义 |
- Model organisms
- References
- Further reading
{{Infobox_gene}}Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFITM3 gene.[1][2][3] It plays a critical role in the immune system's defense against Swine Flu, where heightened levels of IFITM3 keep viral levels low, and the removal of IFITM3 allows the virus to multiply unchecked.[4] This observation has been further advanced by a recent study that shows that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the human IFITM3 gene purported to increase influenza susceptibility is overrepresented in people hospitalised with pandemic H1N1.[5] The prevalence of this mutation is thought to be approximately 1/400 in European populations.[5][6]{{PBB_Summary
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}}Model organisms Ifitm3 knockout mouse phenotype| Characteristic | Phenotype |
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| Homozygote viability | Normal | | Fertility | Normal | | Body weight | Normal | | Anxiety | Normal | | Neurological assessment | Normal | | Grip strength | Normal | | Hot plate | Normal | | Dysmorphology | Normal | | Indirect calorimetry | Normal | | Glucose tolerance test | Normal | | Auditory brainstem response | Normal | | DEXA | Normal | | Radiography | Normal | | Body temperature | Normal | | Eye morphology | Normal | | Clinical chemistry | Normal | | Plasma immunoglobulins | Normal | | Haematology | Normal | | Peripheral blood lymphocytes | Normal | | Micronucleus test | Normal | | Heart weight | Normal | | Skin Histopathology | Normal | | Salmonella infection | Normal[7] | | Citrobacter infection | Normal[8] | | All tests and analysis from[9][10] | Model organisms have been used in the study of IFITM3 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Ifitm3tm1Masu[11][12] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[13][14][15]Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[9][16] Twenty four tests were carried out on mutant mice, but no significant abnormalities were observed.[9] However, challenge with influenza A virus indicated that these mice display increased viral susceptibility.[5] References1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Lewin AR, Reid LE, McMahon M, Stark GR, Kerr IM | title = Molecular analysis of a human interferon-inducible gene family | journal = Eur J Biochem | volume = 199 | issue = 2 | pages = 417–423 |date=Aug 1991 | pmid = 1906403 | pmc = | doi =10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16139.x }}
2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Tanaka SS, Yamaguchi YL, Tsoi B, Lickert H, Tam PP | title = IFITM/Mil/fragilis family proteins IFITM1 and IFITM3 play distinct roles in mouse primordial germ cell homing and repulsion | journal = Dev Cell | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 745–756 |date=Dec 2005 | pmid = 16326387 | pmc = | doi = 10.1016/j.devcel.2005.10.010 }}
3. ^{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IFITM3 interferon induced transmembrane protein 3 (1-8U)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10410| accessdate = }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/swine-flu/6834606/Natural-swine-flu-defence-found.html|title=Natural swine flu defence found|publisher=}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite journal |author=Everitt A.R.|title=IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza. |journal=Nature |volume= 484|date=March 2012 |pmid=22446628 |doi=10.1038/nature10921 |issue=7395 |pages=519–23|display-authors=etal}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-17474197|title=Gene flaw linked to serious flu risk|publisher=}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MGFP/salmonella-challenge/ |title=Salmonella infection data for Ifitm3 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MGFP/citrobacter-challenge/ |title=Citrobacter infection data for Ifitm3 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}
9. ^1 2 {{cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x| title = The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice| year = 2010| author = Gerdin AK| journal = Acta Ophthalmologica| volume = 88| issue = S248 }}
10. ^Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.knockoutmouse.org/martsearch/search?query=Ifitm3 |title=International Knockout Mouse Consortium}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.informatics.jax.org/searchtool/Search.do?query=MGI:3803977 |title=Mouse Genome Informatics}}
13. ^{{Cite journal| last1 = Skarnes |first1 =W. C.| doi = 10.1038/nature10163 | last2 = Rosen | first2 = B.| last3 = West | first3 = A. P.| last4 = Koutsourakis | first4 = M.| last5 = Bushell | first5 = W.| last6 = Iyer | first6 = V.| last7 = Mujica | first7 = A. O.| last8 = Thomas | first8 = M.| last9 = Harrow | first9 = J.| last10 = Cox | first10 = T.| last11 = Jackson | first11 = D.| last12 = Severin | first12 = J.| last13 = Biggs | first13 = P.| last14 = Fu | first14 = J.| last15 = Nefedov | first15 = M.| last16 = De Jong | first16 = P. J.| last17 = Stewart | first17 = A. F.| last18 = Bradley | first18 = A. | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–342 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc =3572410 }}
14. ^{{cite journal |author=Dolgin E |title=Mouse library set to be knockout |journal=Nature |volume=474 |issue=7351 |pages=262–3 |date=June 2011 |pmid=21677718 |doi=10.1038/474262a }}
15. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W |title=A mouse for all reasons |journal=Cell |volume=128 |issue=1 |pages=9–13 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17218247 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 }}
16. ^{{cite journal|vauthors=van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW | title=The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism. | journal=Genome Biol | year= 2011 | volume= 12 | issue= 6 | pages= 224 | pmid=21722353 | doi=10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224 | pmc=3218837}}
Further reading{{refbegin | 2}}- {{cite journal |vauthors=Vaarala MH, Porvari K, Kyllönen A, Vihko P |title=Differentially expressed genes in two LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines reflecting changes during prostate cancer progression |journal=Lab. Invest. |volume=80 |issue= 8 |pages= 1259–1268 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10950117 |doi=10.1038/labinvest.3780134 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA |title=DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 11 |pages= 1788–1795 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11076863 |doi=10.1101/gr.143000 | pmc=310948 }}
- {{cite journal | author=Simpson JC |title=Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing |journal=EMBO Rep. |volume=1 |issue= 3 |pages= 287–292 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11256614 |doi= 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 | pmc=1083732 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Wellenreuther R | author3=Poustka A | display-authors=3 | last4=Pepperkok | first4=R | last5=Wiemann | first5=S }}
- {{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–16903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Feingold EA | author3=Grouse LH | display-authors=3 | last4=Derge | first4=JG | last5=Klausner | first5=RD | last6=Collins | first6=FS | last7=Wagner | first7=L | last8=Shenmen | first8=CM | last9=Schuler | first9=GD }}
- {{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–2127 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Wagner L | author3=Feingold EA | display-authors=3 | last4=Shenmen | first4=CM | last5=Grouse | first5=LH | last6=Schuler | first6=G | last7=Klein | first7=SL | last8=Old | first8=S | last9=Rasooly | first9=R }}
- {{cite journal | author=Wiemann S |title=From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2136–2144 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489336 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2576704 | pmc=528930 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Arlt D | author3=Huber W | display-authors=3 | last4=Wellenreuther | first4=R | last5=Schleeger | first5=S | last6=Mehrle | first6=A | last7=Bechtel | first7=S | last8=Sauermann | first8=M | last9=Korf | first9=U }}
- {{cite journal | author=Kimura K |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55–65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406 | pmc=1356129 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Wakamatsu A | author3=Suzuki Y | display-authors=3 | last4=Ota | first4=T | last5=Nishikawa | first5=T | last6=Yamashita | first6=R | last7=Yamamoto | first7=J | last8=Sekine | first8=M | last9=Tsuritani | first9=K }}
- {{cite journal | author=Mehrle A |title=The LIFEdb database in 2006 |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=34 |issue= Database issue |pages= D415–D418 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16381901 |doi= 10.1093/nar/gkj139 | pmc=1347501 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Rosenfelder H | author3=Schupp I | display-authors=3 | last4=Del Val | first4=C | last5=Arlt | first5=D | last6=Hahne | first6=F | last7=Bechtel | first7=S | last8=Simpson | first8=J | last9=Hofmann | first9=O }}
{{refend}} 1 : Genes mutated in mice |