| 词条 | Indiegogo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| logo = | collapsible = yes | collapsetext = Screenshot | screenshot = Indiegogo screenshot.jpg | url = {{URL|indiegogo.com}} | commercial = | type = Crowdfunding | registration = | language = English, German, French, Spanish | owner = Indiegogo, Inc. | editor = | revenue = | alexa = {{IncreaseNegative}} 2000 ({{as of|2017|8|22|alt=August 2017}})[1] | name = Indiegogo | creators = {{Unbulleted list|Slava Rubin|Danae Ringelmann| Eric Schell}} | location_city = San Francisco, California, U.S. | magazine launch date = | launch date = January 2008 | current status = active }}Indiegogo {{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɪ|n|d|i|ˈ|g|oʊ|g|oʊ}} is an international crowdfunding website founded in 2008 by Danae Ringelmann,[2] Slava Rubin, and Eric Schell. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, California. The site is one of the first sites to offer crowd funding. Indiegogo allows people to solicit funds for an idea, charity, or start-up business. Indiegogo charges a 5% fee on contributions. This charge is in addition to Stripe credit card processing charges of 3% + $0.30 per transaction.[3] Fifteen million people visit the site each month.[4] The site runs on a rewards-based system, meaning donors, investors, or customers who are willing help to fund a project or product can donate and receive a gift, rather than an equity stake in the company.[5] Following changes in Security and Exchange Commission rules earlier in 2016, Indiegogo has partnered with MicroVentures to offer equity-based campaigns beginning in November 2016, allowing unaccredited investors to participate with equity stakes.[6] In 2014, Indiegogo launched Indiegogo Life, a service that people can use to raise money for emergencies, medical expenses, celebrations, or other life events. Indiegogo Life did not charge a platform fee. In 2015 Indiegogo Life was renamed to Generosity.com.[7] Donors use solely credit cards to donate, and processing is conducted by Stripe.[8] Stripe's processing fees of 3% plus 30 cents of every donation still apply.[9] HistoryIn 2002, while working as an analyst on Wall Street, Danae Ringelmann co-produced a reading of an Arthur Miller play. Though the performance was popular with audiences, there was little financial incentive available, and Ringelmann decided to seek alternative revenue streams.[10] Ringelmann was originally inspired to work with independent filmmakers and theater producers after a filmmaker 50 years her senior saw she worked at JPMorgan and asked her to fund his film.[10][11][12] In 2006, Ringelmann went on to the Haas School of Business to start a company she felt would "democratize" fundraising.[10][11] There she met Eric Schell and Slava Rubin, who had had similar experiences with fundraising.[12] Schell had previously worked with The House Theater Company in Chicago,[13] while Rubin had started a charity fundraiser for cancer research, after losing his father to cancer as a child.[14] Ringelmann, Schell, and Rubin developed their concept in 2007, under the name Project Keiyaku.[15][16] The site officially launched at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2008, with a focus on film projects.[11] In June 2010, MTV New Media partnered with Indiegogo to develop new content from the site's projects.[17] In September 2011, the company raised a $1.5 million Series Seed financing round, led by Metamorphic Ventures, ff Venture Capital, MHS Capital and Steve Schoettler, Zynga's co-founder.[18] In February 2012, President Barack Obama's Startup America partnered with Indiegogo to offer crowdfunding to entrepreneurs in the U.S.[19] In June 2012, Indiegogo raised a $15 million Series A round from Insight Ventures, Khosla Ventures and Steve Schoettler, Zynga's co-founder.[20] In January 2014, a Series B round of funding added $40 million to bring the total venture capital raised to $56.5 million.[21][5] ProductsCrowd fundingIn an interview with Film Threat, Rubin said the site is “...all about allowing anybody to raise money for any idea.”[22] Users can create a page for their funding campaign, make a list of "perks" for different levels of investment, then create a social media–based publicity effort. Users publicize the projects themselves—through Facebook, Twitter and similar platforms. The site levies a 5% fee for successful campaigns. For campaigns that fail to raise their target amount, users have the option of either refunding all money to their contributors at no charge or keeping all money raised minus a 9% fee.[23] This option must be selected BEFORE the campaign begins, and the goal will be listed, directly underneath the amount raised, as fixed (only receive funds if goals is met) or flexible (will receive funds if goal is not met). Indiegogo offers direct credit card payment acceptance through their own portal. Those funds are disbursed up to two weeks after the conclusion of a campaign.[24] As of August, 2017, Indiegogo does not offer PayPal as an option for contributions. [25] Indiegogo does not stand behind campaigns once they have been funded, responding to a complaint of non-delivery of promised rewards, "each crowdfunding campaign is run by the individual campaigner who is solely in charge of distributing any perks offered. Indiegogo does not guarantee that the perks offered by the campaigner will be produced or delivered." [26] According to The Wall Street Journal, as of January 2014 over 200,000 campaigns have been launched, raising "millions of dollars" to people running crowdfunding campaigns in 70 to 100 countries every week.[21] Already-funded projects also use Indiegogo, to create publicity or find distributors. A few of the successful Indiegogo campaigns include:
On 24 July 2013, Canonical Ltd. launched its crowdfunding campaign via Indiegogo to raise $32 million for the Ubuntu Edge smartphone.[34] This is the highest target set for any crowdfunding campaign.[35] However, the campaign only raised $12.8 million, falling short of its target, and no funds were disbursed.[36] In February 2014, Indiegogo launched an unsuccessful funding campaign for the Wikipedia Books Project, which had planned to print the entire English Wikipedia in book form later in the year.[37][38] In April 2014, after being shown clear evidence of fraud, Indiegogo responded by deleting their anti-fraud guarantee.[39] Top projects by funds raised{{see also|List of highest funded crowdfunding projects}}
InDemandIn 2014, Indiegogo introduced their Forever Funding[47] program, which allows crowdfunding campaigns to continue to raise funds after their initial campaign period has ended, which was later renamed “InDemand”. Campaign rulesUsers between the ages of 13 and 17 may not use the site without a parent or legal guardian's consent. Campaign owners may not create a campaign that tries to raise funds for illegal activities, or that is clearly made up or claiming to do something impossible. If the campaign offers perks, it can't offer any forms of interest in the company or venture, or any financial incentive. The campaign cannot offer alcohol, drugs, weapons or ammunition, or any form of lottery or gambling. A campaign can not promote ideas or opportunities of hate, personal injury, death, or damage of property, or anything that can be distributed that violates another person's rights.[48] ReceptionAlong with Kickstarter, Indiegogo is one of the two most popular donation-based crowdfunding websites. Indiegogo has looser guidelines than Kickstarter, letting users fund campaigns that Kickstarter would not.[49] Patent disputesOn 23 January 2015 a patent infringement lawsuit was filed by Alphacap Ventures LLC against multiple crowdfunding platforms, including Indiegogo, CircleUp, GoFundMe, Kickstarter, Gust, RocketHub and Innovational Funding.[50] The case was ultimately dismissed by the presiding judge, with prejudice, for having been filed in bad faith; as was admitted by the plaintiffs.[51] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/indiegogo.com |title= Indiegogo.com Site Info | publisher= Alexa Internet |accessdate=22 August 2017 }} 2. ^{{Triangulation|187|Danae Ringelmann}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://learn.indiegogo.com/pricing-and-fees/|title=Indiegogo Pricing and Fees - Indiegogo|work=Indiegogo|access-date=2018-02-02|language=en-US}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/about/our-story|title=Learn About Indiegogo {{!}} Indiegogo|website=www.indiegogo.com|access-date=2018-02-02}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2014/05/20/early-crowdfunding-player-indiegogo-brings-on-famous-new-investors/|title=Early Crowdfunding Player Indiegogo Brings On Famous New Investors|author=Lora Kolodny|work=WSJ}} 6. ^{{Cite web | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/business/ever-wanted-to-back-a-start-up-indiegogo-opens-the-door-to-small-investors.html | title = Ever Wanted to Back a Start-Up? Indiegogo Opens the Door to Small Investors | first = Stacy | last = Cowley | date = 15 November 2016 | accessdate = 15 November 2016 | work = New York Times }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/10/21/indiegogo-creates-generosity-com-for-personal-fund-raising-campaigns/|title=ndiegogo Creates Generosity.com for Personal Fund-Raising Campaigns|date=21 October 2015|author=Stacy Cowley}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.generosity.com/about/terms|title=Terms of Use {{!}} Generosity|website=www.generosity.com|access-date=2017-03-14}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/12/15/indiegogo-life-helps-you-fund-good-deeds/|title=Indiegogo Life Helps You Fund Good Deeds|publisher=AOL|work=TechCrunch}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite video |people= Danae Ringelmann |year= 2011 |title= Leveling the Funding Playing Field, One Dollar at a Time |url= http://tedxtalks.ted.com/video/TEDxDubai-Danae-Ringelmann-Leve}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://www.fastcompany.com/article/danae-ringelmann-indiegogo |title= Danae Ringelmann, cofounder of IndieGoGo |first= Danielle |last= Sacks |date= 3 March 2010 |work= Fast Company |accessdate= 16 June 2012}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2009/feature03.html |title= Danae Ringelmann, MBA 08 |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= CalBusiness |publisher= Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley |location= Berkeley, California |accessdate= 16 June 2012}} 13. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.crunchbase.com/person/eric-schell |title= Eric Schell |work= CrunchBase |accessdate= 16 June 2012}} 14. ^{{cite web |url= http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2647 |title= Can You Spare a Quarter? Crowdfunding Sites Turn Fans into Patrons of the Arts |work= Knowledge@Wharton |publisher= The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania |location= Philadelphia |date=8 December 2010}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2007/film/news/filmmakers-hope-for-online-funds-1117962289/|title=Filmmakers hope for online funds|work=Variety}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://cinematech.blogspot.com/2008/01/indiegogo-social-network-for-filmmakers.html|title=CinemaTech: IndieGoGo: A Social Network for Filmmakers Raising Money (and Their Backers)|work=cinematech.blogspot.com}} 17. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.indiegogo.com/blog/2010/06/mtv-and-indiegogo-partner.html |title= Calling All IndieGoGo Creators – MTV New Media Wants You! |work= Indiegogo Blog |publisher= Indiegogo |date=7 June 2010 |first= Danae |last= Ringelmann }} 18. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.xconomy.com/san-francisco/2011/09/07/wednesday-deals-roundup-indiegogo-project-frog-bluearc/ |title= Wednesday Deals Roundup: IndieGoGo, Project Frog, BlueArc |first= Wade |last= Roush |date= 7 September 2011}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/in-charge/2011/04/22/%E2%80%98startup-america%E2%80%99-embraces-crowd-funding/ |work= In Charge |title= ‘Startup America’ Embraces Crowd-funding |first= Angus |last= Loten |publisher= The Wall Street Journal| date=22 April 2011}} 20. ^{{cite web |url= https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/06/indiegogo-funding-15-million-crowdfunding/ |title= Indiegogo Raises $15 Million Series A To Make Crowdfunding Go Mainstream |work= TechCrunch |first= Colleen |last= Taylor |date=6 June 2012}} 21. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2014/01/28/indiegogo-raises-40m-in-largest-venture-investment-yet-for-crowdfunding-startup/ |title= Indiegogo Raises $40M in Largest Venture Investment Yet for Crowdfunding Startup |first= Lora |last= Kolodny |publisher= The Wall Street Journal| date=28 January 2014}} 22. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.filmthreat.com/interviews/26476/ | title = Wake Me Up Before You Indiegogo: Interview With Slava Rubin | accessdate = 16 December 2010 | work = Film Threat}} 23. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.indiegogo.com/learn/pricing |title= Learn More |publisher= Indiegogo |accessdate= 16 June 2012}} 24. ^{{cite news | first = Sarah | last = Needleman | title = When 'Friending' Becomes a Source of Start-Up Funds | date = 1 November 2011 | url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204528204577007781568296346?mod=googlenews_wsj | work = Wall Street Journal | accessdate = 5 December 2011}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://support.indiegogo.com/hc/en-us/articles/115001131088-Why-is-PayPal-no-longer-available-for-my-campaign-|title=Why is PayPal no longer available for my campaign?|website=Indiegogo Help Center|accessdate=19 June 2018}} 26. ^Letter to donor of 12/21/2017 27. ^{{cite web|author=Todd Essig |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/toddessig/2012/06/25/donations-to-karen-klein-bullied-bus-monitor-pour-into-crowd-funding-site/ |title=Why Raising 2/3 of a Million Dollars For Bus Monitor Karen Klein Was So Easy |publisher=Forbes |date=18 April 2012 |accessdate=28 October 2012}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/sticknfind |title=StickNFind – Bluetooth Powered ultra small Location Stickers |publisher=Indiegogo |date=27 November 2012 |accessdate=20 January 2013}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/p/161050 |title=BugASalt – The Final Push |publisher=Indiegogo |date=11 September 2012 |accessdate=28 October 2012}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://allthingsd.com/20120929/tesla-museum-supporters-raise-1-3-million-and-put-indiegogo-in-the-spotlight/ |title=Tesla Museum Supporters Raise $1.3 Million Over Indiegogo – Eric Johnson – News |publisher=AllThingsD |date=29 September 2012 |accessdate=28 October 2012}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/storm-electric-bike |title=Storm Electric Bike |publisher=Indiegogo |date=2 February 2015 |accessdate=19 February 2015}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.treehugger.com/bikes/500-storm-e-bike-too-good-be-true-looks.html |title=Is the $500 Storm e-bike too good to be true? Looks like. |publisher=Treehugger |date=5 February 2015 |accessdate=5 February 2015}} 33. ^{{cite web|author=Lulu Chang|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/supermeat-lab-grown-chicken/|date=11 July 2016|title=SuperMeat wants you to try its lab-grown chicken breast|publisher=Digital Trends}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/jul/23/ubuntu-edge-crowdfunding-analysis|title=Go ahead and order an Ubuntu Edge – but you'll wish you'd bought a tablet|author=Charles Arthur|work=the Guardian}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.t3.com/news/ubuntu-edge-smartphone-breaks-crowdfunding-record|title=Ubuntu Edge smartphone breaks crowdfunding record|author=Jeff Parsons|date=23 July 2013|work=T3.com}} 36. ^Brodkin, Jon. (22 August 2013) [https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/08/ubuntu-edge-is-dead-long-live-ubuntu-phones/ Ubuntu Edge is dead, long live Ubuntu phones]. Ars Technica. Retrieved on 21 September 2013. 37. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding|title=Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned|author=Alison Flood|publisher=The Guardian|date=20 February 2014|accessdate=22 February 2014 |language=}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/the-wikipedia-books-project/x/7788117 |title=The Wikipedia Books Project| publisher=Indiegogo |date=11 April 2014}}> 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://pando.com/2014/04/03/after-pando-shows-clear-evidence-of-fraud-on-indiegogo-company-responds-by-deleting-anti-fraud-guarantee/|title=After Pando shows clear evidence of fraud, Indiegogo responds by… deleting anti-fraud guarantee|work=PandoDaily}} 40. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.indiegogo.com/explore?filter_quick=most_funded |title=ALL CATEGORIES – Most Funded|publisher=Indiegogo.com |date=10 June 2015}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/flow-hive-honey-on-tap-directly-from-your-beehive|title=Flow Hive: Honey on Tap Directly From Your Beehive|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=7 March 2015}} 42. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.honeyflow.com/| title=Honey On Tap From Your Bee Hive!| author=Flow Team| date=22 February 2015| accessdate=7 March 2015}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/sondors-electric-bike#/story|title=Sondors Electric Bike|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=10 June 2015}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/restore-king-chapel-now-every-day-dollar-counts#/story|title=Restore King Chapel Now. Every Day & Dollar Counts|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=19 February 2015}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/an-hour-of-code-for-every-student|title=An Hour of code for every student|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=19 February 2015}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/super-troopers-2|title=Super Troopers 2|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=19 February 2015}} 47. ^{{Cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/09/17/indiegogo-forever-funding/|title=Indiegogo Tries "Forever Funding" Campaigns Without End Dates|last=Constine|first=Josh|work=TechCrunch|access-date=2018-01-30|language=en}} 48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/about/terms|title=Terms of Use|work=indiegogo.com}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/chancebarnett/2013/09/09/donation-based-crowdfunding-sites-kickstarter-vs-indiegogo/|title=Donation-Based Crowdfunding Sites: Kickstarter Vs. Indiegogo|author=Chance Barnett|date=9 September 2013|work=Forbes}} 50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2015/01/61834-details-emerge-on-patent-lawsuit-against-multiple-crowdfunding-plaforms-revealed/|title=Details Emerge on Patent Lawsuit Against Multiple Crowdfunding Platforms|website=crowdfundinsider.com}} 51. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2016/12/93881-victory-gust-wins-crowdfunding-patent-infringement-case-alphacap-ventures/|title=Victory - Gust Wins Crowdfunding Infringement Case Against Alphacap Ventures|website=crowdfundinsider.com}} External links
5 : Internet companies|Crowdfunding platforms|Indiegogo projects|Internet properties established in 2008|2008 establishments in Utah |
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