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词条 Indoor Obstacle Course Test
释义

  1. Description

  2. Relevance

  3. Test Sequence

  4. History

  5. Gender Difference

  6. Grade Scale[23]

  7. References

{{Infobox Recurring event
|image = APFT IOCT Commandant's Award Badges.jpg
|begins =
|ends =
|date = periodically throughout the year, primary test is in February
|location = Hayes Gym, USMA
|first = 1944 [1]
|last =
}}

The Indoor Obstacle Course Test (IOCT) is a test of full-body functional physical fitness administered by the Department of Physical Education (DPE) at the United States Military Academy at West Point, NY. DPE considers the IOCT to be one of the best evaluations of total body fitness given in the Army.[2] Cadets who earn an A- (2:38 or less for males and 3:35 or less for females) are authorized to wear the IOCT Badge on their athletic shorts.[3]

Description

DPE administers the test in historic Hayes Gymnasium, built in 1910.[4][5] The IOCT is similar in concept to the obstacle course seen on the TV show American Gladiators, with the addition of a quarter mile sprint at the conclusion of the course. DPE administers the IOCT to all third, second, and first class cadets through the academic year. Large crowds of cadets, officers, and other onlookers gather to watch.[6]

Relevance

Army Regulation 350-1, Army Training and Leader Development, [https://web.archive.org/web/20030626222743/http://www.army.mil/usapa/epubs/pdf/r350_1.pdf] specifically supports functional fitness and the IOCT by specifically naming numerous skill related components of fitness, like balance, agility, and coordination by stating "Preparation for the APFT is of secondary importance. Maintenance of the military skills listed

below will also be emphasized."

The IOCT is often cited or studied in articles concerning high intensity human performance and obstacle courses.[7][8][9][10][11] This is due to the large amount of available data due to the lengthy history of the course. It has been administered with few changes since 1944.[12]

Test Sequence

The test consists of 11 events performed sequentially: low crawl under barrier, tire footwork, two-handed vault, 8 ft horizontal shelf, horizontal bar navigation, hanging tire, balance beam, 8 ft vertical wall, 20 ft horizontal ladder, 16 ft vertical rope, and 350m sprint (carrying a 6 lb  medicine ball for the first 120m, a baton for the second 120m, and empty-handed for the remaining 110m).[13] Because of the unique level of athletic skill needed to pass the test and the tremendous level of effort needed to excel at it, the IOCT holds a special place in the hearts of all West Point Cadets and graduates. A search of YouTube will return many videos about it, both serious[14][15][16] and comical.[17][18] The IOCT is both feared and revered by the members of the Long Gray Line and is seen as a link between graduates of long ago and cadets of today.[19][20]

History

DPE began administering the IOCT in 1944 during the Second World War. After lessons learned from WWII, the IOCT was changed to obstacles that are similar to what we see today. The test has changed little since 1948.

[12]
  • 1944: An Indoor Obstacle Course Test (IOCT) was created to bring about a more comprehensive measurement of cadet physical ability.
  • 1948: The IOCT was reexamined and military specific items were replaced by a series of obstacles that measured agility, strength,technique, and cardiovascular ability.
  • 1975: The IOCT was altered due to the concern about the potential for injury in the dive roll which started the test. The dive roll was replaced by the low crawl. Additionally, the cargo net used to reach the balcony if the rope or shelf could not be negotiated was replaced by stairs.
  • 1979: The IOCT changed slightly again. A ladder replaced the stairs used by cadets unable to negotiate the shelf or rope climb to reach the balcony.
  • 1981: The last significant changes were made to the IOCT. The IOCT’s emphasis on upper body strength had consistently been a problem for women since their admission in 1976.[21] To reduce this emphasis and include additional tests of balance and agility the parallel bar walk was eliminated and a tire run and balance beam were added. This resulted in a sharp decline in IOCT failure rates for both men and women.
  • 1982: IOCT passing times changed to: Men - 3:19 Women - 6:28
  • 1985: IOCT passing times changed to: Men - 3:19 Women - 5:29
  • 1986: The cargo net is re-inserted to replace the ladder for those cadets unable to negotiate the shelf or rope climb to reach the balcony. Additionally, automatic IOCT failure for any cadet who must attempt the cargo net and fails to reach balcony e.g., cargo net failure.
  • 1989: Fourth Class IOCT grade was incorporated into their Fourth Class Gymnastics subcourse grade. Only those cadets who scored a C- or lower on their Third Class IOCT had to take the IOCT again during their Second Class year.
  • 2002: All second class cadets are required to take the IOCT. It is incorporated into the Fourth Class Gymnastics course, but the second class takes the test at some point during the year. Upper classmen's times are incorporated into their overall physical grade. An upperclassman failing the IOCT is subject to some form of punishment or restriction until such time as he can pass the test.
  • 2014: All cadets are required to take the IOCT every academic year. It is incorporated into the Fourth Class Gymnastics course, but the first, second and third classes take the test at some point during the year.

Gender Difference

The difference in completion time grade scales between male and female cadets is taken into account during the order of merit listing that the United States Military Academy uses for branch and post selections for cadets. From the USMA White Book: "To further encourage cadets to engage the IOCT at the highest level of performance, anyone may retest the IOCT for grade replacement. Cadets are permitted to retake the IOCT (regardless of their current score) during designated spring term IOCT dates. Only the highest grade earned during each academic year will be used to compute the Physical Program Score Cumulative (PPSC).[22]"

Grade Scale[23]

Male Female
A+ 2:26 or Less 3:11 or Less
A 2:27-2:33 3:12-3:23
A- 2:34-2:38 3:24-3:35
B+ 2:39-2:41 3:36-3:47
B 2:42-2:44 3:48-4:01
B- 2:45-2:49 4:04-4:06
C+ 2:50-2:54 4:07-4:24
C 2:55-3:01 4:25-4:54
C- 3:02-3:13 4:55-5:17
D 3:14-3:30 5:18-5:29
F 3:31+ 5:30+

References

1. ^{{cite book |last =Degan |first =Robert |title =The Evolution of Physical Education at the United States Military Academy |publisher =University of Wisconsin (Master's Thesis) |location =Madison, WI |year =1968 }}
2. ^{{cite book |author =Maureen LeBoeuf and Lawrence Butler |title =Google Books: "Fit and Active" |publisher =Human Kinetics |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_VbhycfXyMC&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=usma+IOCT | accessdate =2009-01-15 |isbn =978-0-7360-6074-5 |date =2007-11-30}}
3. ^{{cite web | title =Cadet Awards |publisher =West Point Cadets.org |url =http://www.westpointcadets.org/USMA/CadetAwards.htm |accessdate =2009-01-13}}
4. ^{{cite web |title =West Point:Corps building new facilities to train, teach Army future leaders |publisher =US Army Corps of Engineers Update Feb 2003, Vol 27, No. 2 |url =http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/cepa/pubs/feb03/story6.htm |accessdate =12-10-08 |deadurl =yes |archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20081229105536/http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/cepa/pubs/feb03/story6.htm |archivedate =2008-12-29 |df = }}
5. ^{{cite web |title =Arvin Cadet Physical Development Center grand opening |publisher =Pointer View, (Aug 19,2005) |url =http://www.usma.edu/Dcomm/PV/050819/arvin.htm |accessdate =2009-01-15}}
6. ^{{cite book |last1 =Barkalow |first1 =Carol |last2 =Raab |first2 =Andrea |title =In the Men's House |publisher =Poseidon Press |location =New York |year =1990 |page =77 |isbn =978-0-671-67312-3}}
7. ^{{cite journal |last1 =Bishop |first1 =Phillip |last2 =Crowder |first2 =Todd |last3 =Felitz |first3 =Lynn |last4 =Lindsay |first4 =Timothy |last5 =Woods |first5 =Amanda |title =Impact of Body Weight on Performance of a Weight-Supported Motor Fitness Test in Men |journal = Military Medicine |volume =173 |page =1108–1114 |date =Nov 2008 |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/amsus/zmm/2008/00000173/00000011/art00026;jsessionid=4b843k5fbpka4.alexandra?format=print | issue=11 |doi=10.7205/milmed.173.11.1108}}
8. ^{{cite journal |last =Bishop |first =Phillip |title = Physiological determinants of performance on an indoor military obstacle course test |journal =Military Medicine |date =Dec 1999 |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3912/is_199912/ai_n8863301/pg_6 |pmid=10628164 |volume=164 |issue=12 |pages=891–6|doi =10.1093/milmed/164.12.891 }}
9. ^{{cite journal |last1 =Kusano |first1 =MA |last2 =Vanderburgh |first2 =PM |last3 =Bishop |first3 =P |title =Impact of body size on women's military obstacle course performance |journal =Biomed Science Instrum |volume =34 |pages =357–62 |year =1997 |pmid=9603066}}
10. ^{{cite journal |last =Mountcastle |first =Sally |last2 =Posner |first2 =Matthew |last3 =Kragh |first3 =John |last4 =Taylor |first4 =Dean |title = Gender Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Vary With Activity |journal =The American Journal of Sports Medicine |volume =35 |pages =1635–1642 |year =2007 |url =http://ajs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/35/10/1635 |doi =10.1177/0363546507302917 |pmid =17519438 |issue =10}}
11. ^[https://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=JL2XhRDFw5YykD1jymWN6jhh8vpMyTRYFyfqcwjpJM2bSMW4SXN1!271607181?docId=5002330101 The Obstacle Course: Building Fitness and Skill with Fun] The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, Vol. 70, 1999
12. ^1 "{{cite journal |date=2004 |author =DPE Testing Committee |title =History of the IOCT |format =Microsoft Word (on file DPE, USMA) }}
13. ^{{cite web |title =INDOOR OBSTACLE COURSE TEST PERFORMANCE STANDARDS |publisher =DPE USMA |url =http://www.usma.edu/dpe/courses/Gymnastics/IOCT.pdf |accessdate =2008-12-27}}
14. ^{{cite web |title =An instructor runs the IOCT |publisher =YouTube |url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzBPt0WQg7k |accessdate =2009-01-15}}
15. ^{{cite web |title =First person view of the IOCT |publisher =YouTube |url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEk6K__dNgc |accessdate =2008-12-15}}
16. ^{{cite web |title =The IOCT |publisher =YouTube |url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QuQqWYCfmmk |accessdate =2008-12-26}}
17. ^{{cite web |title =Creation of the IOCT |publisher =YouTube |url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cllLyV_wBHs |accessdate =2008-12-28}}
18. ^{{cite web |title =Tim Clarke runs the IOCT |publisher =YouTube |url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmZsT1DRC-8 |accessdate =2008-12-30}}
19. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=sbHq8EIi7xQC&pg=PA138&lpg=PA138&dq=hayes+gym,+west+point&source=web&ots=r2_5Re_HLE&sig=CvyPnNtSldHEH1rvGtfgo8CJGUo&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA138,M1 Duty First] Ruggero, HarperCollins, 2002
20. ^Observations at a 25th Reunion West Point Association of Graduates
21. ^{{cite journal | pmid = 9603066 | volume=34 | title=Impact of body size on women's military obstacle course performance | year=1997 | journal=Biomed Sci Instrum | pages=357–62 | last1 = Kusano | first1 = MA | last2 = Vanderburgh | first2 = PM | last3 = Bishop | first3 = P}}
22. ^https://www.usma.edu/studentconsumerinfo/SiteAssets/SitePages/Home/Whitebook%20(Physical).pdf
23. ^IOCT Grade Chart USMA DPE Military Movement Committee
{{USMA}}

1 : United States Military Academy
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