| 词条 | Inexhaustible Chalice |
| 释义 |
Inexhaustible Chalice (Russian: Неупиваемая чаша; also known in English as Inexaustible Cup or Non-intoxicating Chalice) is a wonderworking icon of the Mother of God (Θεοτόκος (Theotokos) or Богородица (Bogoroditsa)) which revealed itself in Serpukhov, Russia in 1878. The icon is venerated in the Russian Orthodox Church and has become known for healing those who suffer from alcoholism, drug abuse and other forms of addiction. The IconThe icon of the "Inexhaustible Chalice" depicts the Theotokos with hands raised in the orans position, similar to icons of Our Lady of the Sign. The Christ Child is shown standing in a chalice with both hands raised in blessing. The icon is a variant of the icon of "Our Lady of Nicea", also known as “Your Womb Becomes the Holy Table.”[1] The difference between the two is that the Nicean icon shows the Theotokos with Her head inclined to one side, sometimes with eyes downcast,[2] whereas She is depicted in the "Inexhaustible Chalice" icon with Her head straight and looking at the viewer. Appearance of the IconIn 1878, a peasant of the Tula province—a retired soldier who had a passion for alcohol for many years— saw a certain elder in a vision who commanded him to go to the Vladychny Convent of the Entry of the Mother of God into the Temple in Serpukhov, to find the Icon “The Inexhaustible Cup” and to hold a molieben before it. The old, penniless soldier, exhausted by his hard drinking, had absolutely no strength to go to Serpukhov. Soon the holy elder appeared twice more and the poor elderly soldier literally crawled to the convent on all fours. On the very first night of his ascetic journey the man suddenly felt that his legs began to obey him again. Reaching the convent, he put its nuns to confusion as they knew nothing of the icon with this name. Then a nun remembered of an icon that hung in the convent passageway from the St. George Church which portrayed a chalice. Everybody was greatly amazed when they saw the inscription “The Inexhaustible Cup” on the back of the icon. Remarkably, when the man came up to the shrine of St. Varlaam, he at once recognized in him the holy elder who had appeared to him in the vision and commanded to go to the Mother of God for healing from alcoholism. The news of the wondrous miracle rapidly spread over many towns and villages: from everywhere those possessed with this terrible passion flocked to the miracle-working icon, venerated “The Inexhaustible Chalice”, and gave up drinking; thus peace and quiet began to reign in their homes—and all this was through the prayers of the Protectress of mankind.[3] After the October Revolution, the original "Inexhaustible Chalice" icon was moved to St. Nicholas Cathedral. During the years 1919-1928 eight copies were painted. After the cathedral was closed in 1929, most of its icons were burned and the fate of the wonder-working icon and the eight copies is unknown.[4] Veneration of the Icon following Collapse of CommunismIn 1991, the men's Vysotsky Monastery in Serpukhov, founded in 1374 by St. Sergius of Radonezh, was reopened under the direction of Archimandrite Joseph (Balabanov, now Bishop of Birobidzhan and Kuldursk).[5] In 1992, the iconographer Alexander Sokolov painted a new copy of the icon in the Byzantine style. In 1993 it was installed in the Vysotsky Monastery,[6] where it is now venerated as wonder-working, particularly in healing from addiction. This icon has become renowned throughout all of Russia and throughout the Orthodox world. The Vysotsky Monastery has since become the major shrine of the icon of the "Inexhaustible Chalice". In the 1995, the women's Vladychny Convent, site of the original manifestation of the "Inexhaustible Cup", was reopened. In 1996, a copy painted in the "academic" style based on newspaper photographs, was enshrined.[7] (It has since been determined that the original icon was of the Byzantine style based on a description written about the icon at that time.)[8] This icon too has become miraculous. In an interview, Abbess Alexia of the Vladychny Convent states an icon of the "Inexhaustible Chalice", presumed to be the miraculous original of 1878, has been found in a private art collection. It is uncertain whether the icon can be redeemed.[9] The icon has been painted in many styles[10] and several copies throughout Russia are regarded as miraculous. In 1997, in recognition of its veneration, its commemoration was entered into the official liturgical calendar of the Russian Orthodox Church with the blessing of the late Patriarch Alexy II.[5] The feast day is listed as May 5 O.S./May 18 N.S., the date of the repose of St. Varlaam. The Vladychny Convent continues to celebrate the feast day of the "Inexhaustible Chalice" on November 27 O.S./ December 10 N.S., the feast day of Our Lady of the Sign.[9] An akathist and molieben to the "Inexhaustible Chalice" have been composed in Russian and English.[11][12] People suffering from alcoholism, drug addiction, and other dependencies continue to appeal to God for help and healing through the icon of the Inexhaustible Chalice. The Icon in Recovery ProgramsAfter the icon was glorified as being miraculous in 1878, the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Serpakhov organized the "St. Alexander Nevsky Brotherhood of Sobriety."[4] Since the early 1990s, sixty drug rehabilitation centers in Russia are run by the Russian Orthodox Church.[5][13] The Pokrov-Tervenichesky convent[14] has a skeet dedicated to the "Inexhaustible Chalice", where men and women suffering from addictions go through a recovery program.[15] The Fellowship of the Inexhaustible Cup was formed "to provide and establish a network of intercessory prayer and support among its members in order to combat the many destructive forces of addictions." [16] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stjohndc.org/en/orthodoxy-foundation/theotokos/june#2o|title=June - RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL OF ST.JOHN THE BAPTIST|publisher=}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://pravicon.com/icon-45|title=Икона Никейская (Бысть Чрево Твое Святая Трапеза)|publisher=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/93802.htm|title=Nadezhda Dmitrieva. The Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God, "The Inexhaustible Cup". Commemorated: May 5/18 / OrthoChristian.Com|publisher=}} 4. ^1 Akathist to the Mother of God, The Inexhaustible Cup. Safford, AZ : St. Paisius Orthodox Monastery, 2001. 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.pravmir.com/the-inexhaustible-cup-on-getting-help-for-alcohol-and-drug-abuse/|title=The Inexhaustible Cup: On Getting Help for Alcohol and Drug Abuse|publisher=}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://visotskymonastir.ru/img/temp/gallery/3nch.jpg|title=Vysotsky Monastery|publisher=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://simvol-veri.ru/xp/images/stories/liturgiya/0_7ec70_45c3f54b_l.jpg|title=Simvol very web-site|publisher=}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vidania.ru/icon_neupivaemayachasha.html|title=Неупиваемая Чаша икона Божией Матери|publisher=}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.vidania.ru/palomniki/palomnichestvo_vo_vladychnuy_monastyr.html|title=Паломничество во Введенский Владычный монастырь города Серпухова|publisher=}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://pravicon.com/icon-210-photo|title=Изображения иконы Неупиваемая Чаша|publisher=}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stpaisiusgiftshop.com/books/akathists/akathist-to-the-mother-of-god-the-inexhaustible-cup/|title=Akathist to the Mother of God, "The Inexhaustible Cup"|publisher=}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://archive.wadiocese.org/enews_comments.php?id=743_0_14_0_C96|title=News|publisher=}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://rbth.com/society/2013/01/30/russian_orthodox_church_helps_to_rehabilitate_drug_addicts_22205.html|title=Russian Orthodox Church helps to rehabilitate drug addicts|first=Darya|last=Zagvozdina|date=30 January 2013|publisher=}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tervenichi.ru/|title=Pokrovo Tervenicheskyi Monastery web-site|publisher=}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tervenichi.ru/02_hermitage|title=Pokrovo Tervenicheskyi Monastery web-site|publisher=}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://inexhaustiblecup.org/|title=Fellowship of the Inexhaustible Cup|publisher=}} External links
3 : Eastern Orthodox icons of the Virgin Mary|Paintings of the Madonna and Child|Russian icons |
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