| 词条 | Joseph Nisbet LeConte |
| 释义 |
|name = Joseph Nisbet LeConte |image = Joseph N. LeConte.jpg |image_size = |caption = LeConte in 1894 |birth_date = February 7, 1870 |birth_place = Oakland, California [1] |death_date = February 1, 1950 [2] |death_place = Carmel, California |known_for = Exploration, mountaineering and photography of the Sierra Nevada |occupation = Engineering professor at UC Berkeley, Sierra Club President [3] }} Joseph Nisbet LeConte (February 7, 1870 – February 1, 1950) was a noted explorer of the Sierra Nevada. He was also a cartographer, a photographer and a professor of mechanical engineering. Early lifeJoseph Nisbet LeConte was born in Oakland, California to Joseph and Caroline (Nisbet) LeConte.[1] He went by "Little Joe" among friends, because he was of short stature and the son of geology professor Joseph LeConte. He often went by J. N. LeConte in photographs and articles. He entered the University of California, Berkeley in 1887, earning a B.S. degree in 1891. He received a Master of Mechanical Engineering from Cornell University in 1892, and was appointed assistant professor of mechanical engineering at U.C. Berkeley that August, beginning by teaching kinematics of machinery. CareerStarting in 1912, he taught analytical mechanics for over 20 years. German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen discovered x-rays in 1895, and his first research paper was published at the end of December. An Austrian newspaper reported the results a week later. After reading those reports, LeConte found cathode ray tubes that his late uncle John LeConte had obtained for the university's physics lab. LeConte and his associates were able to construct an x-ray machine and produce images of a bullet lodged in the arm of a young boy within a week of the newspaper reports of Röntgen's discovery. LeConte also studied the materials problems of gas turbines, and built a harmonic analyzer to study the performance of electric power transmission lines. He was a professor at U.C. Berkeley for his entire career that lasted 45 years.[2] LeConte loved mountaineering from the time he was a teenager and went all over the Sierra Nevada exploring, sometimes for several weeks. He produced the first map of the central Sierra Nevada for the Sierra Club, based on his exploration. At that time, USGS maps were not available.[3] Along with James S. Hutchinson and Duncan McDuffie, he pioneered a high mountain route in 1908 from Yosemite National Park to Kings Canyon, roughly along the route of the modern John Muir Trail. In 28 days, they completed a trip of 228 miles through the high mountains, including several previously unexplored sections.[4] An avid photographer, he took many photos of the Sierra Nevada, including the High Sierra and Hetch Hetchy Valley before it was flooded by the dam.[3] He worked with heavy, fragile dry glass plates that had to be transported with great care throughout the wilderness. In 1944, Ansel Adams evaluated his work: "Never intentionally 'arty', most of his compositions reveal a sensitive reaction to the finest moments of the mountain scene. It is this quality that differentiates between a mere record and a creative, sympathetic statement." [5] A charter and lifelong member of the Sierra Club, he held positions of leadership in it. After John Muir died, he served as the club's second president (1915-1917). He was instrumental in helping create the John Muir Trail through the High Sierra as a tribute to his predecessor.[6] He sat on the Sierra Club Board of Directors from 1898 through 1940, and at various times was VP, secretary, treasurer, and outings chair.[3] In 1901 he married Helen Gompertz,[1] whom he met in the Sierra Club. LeConte Point in Hetch Hetchy Valley is named after him. References1. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://singletonfamily.org/getperson.php?personID=I177575&tree=1 | title = Singleton and Related Families: Joseph Nisbet LeConte | accessdate = 2009-08-27 }} 2. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://content.cdlib.org/xtf/view?docId=hb9g5008vb&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00005&toc.depth=1&toc.id= | title = University of California: In Memoriam, 1950. Joseph Nisbet LeConte, Mechanical Engineering: Berkeley. | accessdate = 2009-08-27 }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://www.sierraclub.org/history/josephnleconte.aspx | title = Key Figures in Sierra Club History: Joseph Nisbet LeConte | accessdate = 2009-08-27 }} 4. ^Parsons, Harriet, edited by David R. Brower, Sierra Club: A Handbook, "Mountaineering", Sierra Club, San Francisco, 1947, page 16 5. ^Moore, James G., Exploring the Highest Sierra, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 2000, page 130, {{ISBN|0-8047-3703-7}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last=Starr|first=Walter A.|date=November 1947|title=Trails|journal=Sierra Club Bulletin|publisher=Sierra Club|location=San Francisco|volume= 32|issue= 10|pages=48–50}}
External links
9 : 1870 births|1950 deaths|Sierra Club presidents|Explorers of California|American mountain climbers|Photographers from California|People from Oakland, California|History of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|20th-century American photographers |
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