| 词条 | Inimicus didactylus |
| 释义 |
| name = Devil stinger | image = Spiny Devilfish - Inimicus Didactylus.jpg | taxon = Inimicus didactylus | authority = (Pallas, 1769) }} Inimicus didactylus, also known as demon stinger or devil stinger, is a member of the Inimicus genus of venomous fishes, closely related to the true stonefishes. It can reach a body length of 25 cm (10 in) and is irregularly surfaced with spines and a knobby appearance. The fish has venomous spines to ward off enemies. The fish are nocturnal, and often dig themselves partially into the sandy seabed during the day. The body is red or sandy yellow and well camouflaged on sandy and coral seabeds. Physical descriptionI. didactylus adults can attain a body length of up to 26 centimeters in length. The body color is red or sandy yellow with light blotches, and very similar to that of the surrounding sandy or coral seabed in which they are found. This coloration acts as a camouflage which renders them extremely difficult to detect in their natural habitat. The skin is without scales except along the lateral line, and is covered with venomous spines and wartlike glands which give it a knobby appearance. The head is flattened, depressed and concave. The eyes, mouth and nostrils project upwards and outwards from the dorsal aspect of the head. Sexual dimorphism is not believed to occur in this species. Fin morphology:
BehaviorI. didactylus is a piscivorous ambush predator. It is nocturnal and typically lies partially buried on the sea floor or on a coral head during the day, covering itself with sand and other debris to further camouflage itself. It has no known natural predators. When disturbed by a scuba diver or a potential predator, it fans out its brilliantly colored pectoral and caudal fins as a warning. Once dug in, it is very reluctant to leave its hiding place. When it does move, it displays an unusual mechanism of subcarangiform locomotion — it crawls slowly along the seabed, employing the four lower rays (two on each side) of its pectoral fins as legs.[2][3][4][5] Its dorsal spines are venomous. See also
References1. ^{{cite journal|author=Mandritsa, S.A.|title=New species of the genus Inimicus (Scorpaeniformes, Synanceiidae) from the Coral sea|journal=J. Ichthyol|volume=31|issue=2|pages=76–79|year=1991|pmid=|doi=|url=|issn=|accessdate=}} 2. ^1 {{cite journal|author=William A. Gosline|title=Function and structure in the paired fins of scorpaeniform fishes|journal=Journal Environmental Biology of Fishes|volume=40|issue=3|pages=219–226|date=July 1994|pmid=|doi=10.1007/BF00002508|url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/m87u10086011364t/|issn=|accessdate=2010-03-22}} 3. ^1 2 World Database of Marine Species: Spiny devil fish {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304131009/http://www.seadb.net/schedule.php?ids=694 |date=2012-03-04 }}. Accessed 03-22-2010. 4. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Scott Michael |title=Speak of the devil: fish in the genus Inimicus |journal=SeaScope |volume=18 |issue= |pages= |date=Winter 2001 |pmid= |doi= |url=http://www.instantocean.com/sites/InstantOcean/knowledge/seascope/past/SS_Vol18_2001.pdf |issn= |accessdate=2010-03-27 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713043740/http://www.instantocean.com/sites/InstantOcean/knowledge/seascope/past/SS_Vol18_2001.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-13 |df= }} 5. ^1 WetWebMedia.com: The Ghoulfish/Scorpion/Stonefishes of the Subfamily Choridactylinae (Inimicinae), by Bob Fenner. Accessed 03-27-2010. External links
4 : Synanceiidae|Venomous fish|Fish of the Indian Ocean|Fish described in 1769 |
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