“Intensity (heat transfer)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Intensity (heat transfer)

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In the field of heat transfer, intensity of radiation is a measure of the distribution of radiant heat flux per unit area and solid angle, in a particular direction, defined according to

where

is the infinitesimal source area
is the outgoing heat transfer from the area
is the solid angle subtended by the infinitesimal 'target' (or 'aperture') area
is the angle between the source area normal vector and the line-of-sight between the source and the target areas.

Typical units of intensity are W·m⁻²·sr⁻¹.

Intensity can sometimes be called radiance, especially in other fields of study.

The emissive power of a surface can be determined by integrating the intensity of emitted radiation over a hemisphere surrounding the surface:

For diffuse emitters, the emitted radiation intensity is the same in all directions, with the result that

The factor (which really should have the units of steradians) is a result of the fact that intensity is defined to exclude the effect of reduced view factor at large values ; note that the solid angle corresponding to a hemisphere is equal to steradians.

Spectral intensity is the corresponding spectral measurement of intensity; in other words, the intensity as a function of wavelength.

References

Lienhard and Lienhard, A heat transfer textbook, 3rd Ed, 2008 (available for free online)
J P Holman, Heat Transfer 9th Ed, McGraw Hill, 2002.
F. P. Incropera and D. P. DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th Ed, Wiley, 1996.

2 : Heat transfer|Radiation

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