| 词条 | Interstitial keratitis |
| 释义 |
| name = Interstitial keratitis | synonyms = | image = | alt = | caption = | pronounce = | symptoms = | onset = | duration = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | frequency = | deaths = }} Interstitial keratitis (IK) is corneal scarring due to chronic inflammation of the corneal stroma. Interstitial means space between cells i.e. corneal stroma which lies between the epithelium and the endothelium. Keratitis means corneal inflammation. Signs and symptomsAcutely or at the early sign includes painful, photophobic, red and watery eye. This is due to active corneal inflammation resulting in vascular invasion and stromal necrosis which can be diffuse or localized. This cause the pinkish discoloration of what was a clear transparent normal corneal tissue (called Salmon patch of Hutchinson). Chronically or the end result will cause blurring of vision secondary to corneal stromal scarring, presence of ghost vessel and thinning of the cornea especially if it involves the visual axis. CauseBy far the most common cause of IK is syphilitic disease. However, there are two possible causes of the corneal inflammatory response: an infection and/or an immunological response, such as a hypersensitivity type reaction, or (rarely) Cogan syndrome.[1] Infectious causes include syphilis (commonest), followed by other bacterial infections (TB, Leprosy and Lyme disease) and parasitic infections (Acanthamoeba, Onchocerciasis or river blindness, Leishmaniasis, Trypanosoma cruzi or Chagas disease, Trypanosoma brucei or African sleeping sickness and microsporidia)[2] PathophysiologyThe corneal scarring is the end result of the initial invasion of blood vessels into the corneal stroma as part of the inflammatory response. Since normal corneal tissue should be avascular (no blood vessel) and therefore clear to allow light to pass, the presence of blood vessel and the infiltration of cells as part of the inflammatory process results in scarring or hazing of the cornea.[3] DiagnosisA positive VDRL of Treponema pallidum immobilization test confirms diagnosis of luetic(syphilitic) interstitial keratitis TreatmentThe underlying cause must be treated as soon as possible to stop the disease process. Corticosteroid drop can be used to minimize the scarring on the cornea along with antibiotic cover. However, residual scarring cannot be avoided which can result in long term visual impairment and corneal transplantation is not suitable due to high rejection rate from the corneal vascularization.[4] HistoryPrevious long-standing eye infection which possibly during childhood time recalled as being treated with antibiotic and/or hospitalized over long period of time. References1. ^{{cite web|last=Ramachandran|first=Tarakad|title=Cogan Syndrome|url=http://www.medlink.com/CIP.ASP=MLT000PJ|work=Medlink|publisher=MedLink Corporation|accessdate=1/11/2012}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Interstitial Keratitis}}2. ^Majmudar PA. "Keratitis, Interstitial" emedicine Dec 07 3. ^Dr Khairul Nazri Mohammad (Articles' Author), Waterford General Hospital, IRELAND 4. ^Kanski JJ. "Clinical Ophthalmology 5th ed" 3 : Medical signs|Diseases of the eye and adnexa|Syphilis |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。