| 词条 | Jovan Rašković |
| 释义 |
| name = Jovan Rašković | image = Jovan Rašković crop.jpg | imagesize = 175px | caption = Rašković in Chicago in 1990 | order = 1st President of the Serb Democratic Party | primeminister = | term_start = 17 February 1990 | term_end = December 1990 | predecessor = Position established | successor = Milan Babić | birth_date = {{birth date|1929|07|05|df=y}} | birth_place = Knin, Kingdom of Yugoslavia | death_date = {{death date and age|1992|7|28|1929|7|5|df=y}}[1] | death_place = Belgrade, FR Yugoslavia | alma_mater = University of Zagreb | profession = Psychiatrist | children = Sanda Rašković Ivić | party = Serb Democratic Party in Croatia }} Jovan Rašković ({{lang-sr-cyr|Јован Рашковић}}, {{IPA-sh|jǒʋan rǎʃkoʋitɕ|pron}}; 5 July 1929 – 28 July 1992) was a Serb psychiatrist, academic and politician. Early lifeRašković was born in Knin in 1929. During World War II, after an Ustaše pogrom which resulted in the deaths of his relatives, he was exiled to Kistanje in Italian-occupied Dalmatia. He passed his secondary school exams in Šibenik, and graduated in Zagreb. He then studied electrical engineering and medicine at the University of Zagreb, where he obtained his diploma and a PhD from the university's medical school. CareerIn the 1960s, he served as director of Šibenik city hospital and later director of the medical center. He was one of the founders of the Medical Research Institute of Neurophysiology in Ljubljana. Rašković was a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Academy of Medical Sciences of Croatia and a number of psychiatry associations in the United States, Czechoslovakia and Italy. He was a university professor in Zagreb and Ljubljana and a visiting professor at the Universities of Pavia, Rome, Houston and London. In early 1990, Rašković went into politics and founded the Serbian Democratic Party (SDS), which took part in first democratic elections. He noticed that there was no equivalent party in Bosnia and Herzegovina and contacted Radovan Karadžić, a colleague, to suggest for him to establish one. Although the SDS won relatively few seats in the 1990 elections, it quickly began to increase its power, and Rašković was soon perceived as a leader of Serbs by Franjo Tuđman and his new government. That led to direct negotiations between the two about the future of Serbs in Croatia. During one meeting, Rašković remarked, "Serbs were crazy people".{{Citation needed|date=August 2018}} Tuđman's chief political advisor, Slaven Letica, had the words secretly taped and leaked the transcript to Croatian media to discredit Rašković among his people and then replace him with someone more acceptable to Croatian government. That backfired, as instead of rejecting Rašković, many Serbs lost any trust in Croatian government and embraced extremism and then armed conflict. Later in 1990, Rašković was removed from power by "more radical, hard-line Serb nationalists", who went on to create the Republic of Serbian Krajina. Rašković retired from politics in 1991, after the Plitvice Lakes incident.[1] DeathRašković died in Belgrade from a heart attack on 28 July 1992 at the age of 63, and is buried in Belgrade's Alley of Distinguished Citizens.[1] LegacyStreets in Trebinje, Prijedor, Banja Luka and Novi Banovci are named in his honor. References1. ^1 2 Jovan Rašković profile, by Jovan Keser, Večernje novosti, 5–19 September 2007. External links{{commons category|Jovan Rašković}}
14 : 1929 births|1992 deaths|Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts|People from Knin|Serbs of Croatia|Serb Democratic Party (Croatia) politicians|Serbian psychiatrists|Serbian anti-communists|Serbian academics|Yugoslav politicians|People of the Croatian War of Independence|School of Medicine, University of Zagreb alumni|20th-century physicians|Burials at Belgrade New Cemetery |
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