“Irving Wardle”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

He was born on 20 July 1929 in Manchester, Lancashire, the son of John Wardle and his wife Nellie (Partington). His father was drama critic on the Bolton Evening News, and a regular performer at the Bolton Little Theatre. Wardle was educated at Bolton School, Wadham College Oxford and the Royal College of Music.^[2]

While at Oxford, Wardle participated in theatre, performing in a production of The Tempest alongside the actors Nigel Davenport and Jack May, the future directors John Schlesinger and Bill Gaskill, and Mary Moore, the future principal of St Hilda's College, Oxford.^[3]

Wardle's early appointments included an anonymous fortnightly review spot on the Bolton Evening News, beginning in 1958.^[4] He worked as a sub-editor on The Times Literary Supplement, 1956–; as deputy theatre critic (to Kenneth Tynan) on The Observer,^[4] 1959–63; drama critic for The Times 1963–89;^[1]^[5] editor of Gambit^[6] 1973–75; theatre critic for The Independent on Sunday 1989–95.^[7] More recently he has written articles for magazines such as Prospect^[8] and The Oldie.

He has published two books; a biography The Theatres of George Devine^[9] (Jonathan Cape, 1978) and Theatre Criticism (Routledge, 1992).^[10]

His first play, The Houseboy, was performed at the Open Space Theatre in 1973.^[11] The play is semi-autobiographical, based on Wardle's experience from a part-time job washing dishes at a London guest house. The production was directed by Charles Marowitz and the cast included Timothy West. A television production was made for ITV's Playhouse season and screened on 3 July 1982, directed by Christopher Hodson. The cast was Stephen Garlick, Geoffrey Palmer, Richard Pasco and Earl Rhodes.^[12]

He was in 2004 honoured at the Cairo International Festival of Experimental Theatre.^[13]^[14]

Wardle was a close friend of the writer Harold Pinter,^[15] for whose work he coined the phrase "comedies of menace".^[16] The two met after Wardle reviewed Pinter's "The Birthday Party" in 1958, and an impressed Pinter wrote to compliment him on his critical sensibility.^[4]

References

1. ^¹{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/oct/30/theatre |date=30 October 2005 |title=Voices Off |publisher=The Guardian |first=Michael |last=Coveney | location=London}}
2. ^Who's Who in the Theatre, 17th edition, Gale (1981)
3. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article1293909.ece?print=yes&randnum=1151003209000 |date=18 January 2007 |title=Obituary:Charles Hodgson |publisher=The Times | location=London}}
4. ^¹²{{Cite journal |url=http://www.moreintelligentlife.com/content/irving-wardle/old-friends-irving-wardle-harold-pinter |title=Old friends |publisher=Intelligent Life |date=Autumn 2009 |first=Irving |last=Wardle }}
5. ^{{Cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5KgtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uJ8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5510,4819600&dq=irving-wardle&hl=en |title=Osborne faces punch-up |date=23 June 1966 |publisher=Montreal Gazette }}
6. ^{{Cite book |first=Brian |last=Woolland |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6QE-k_g-0YC&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=%22Irving+Wardle%22+gambit+-wikipedia&source=bl&ots=dXt83AV4kI&sig=nH1cmOsGMNTTaHCqtKIuFZiW9XI&hl=en&ei=kWeWS5TaAZf60wSusIz4Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CCAQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22Irving%20Wardle%22%20gambit%20-wikipedia&f=false |title=Jonsonians: living traditions |page=1 |publisher=Ashgate |year=2003 |isbn=0-7546-0610-4 }}
7. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/05/theater/miller-play-divides-the-critics-in-london.html |first=Suzanne |last=Cassidy |title=Miller play divides the critics in London |date=5 November 1991 | work=The New York Times}}
8. ^{{Cite journal |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/1998/12/latenightinlviv/ |title=Late night in Lviv |journal=Prospect |date=December 1998 |issue=36 |first=Irving |last=Wardle }}
9. ^{{cite journal |journal=Swans |url=http://www.swans.com/library/art14/zig097.html |title=The Chicago Conspiracy |date=June 2008 }}
10. ^{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RIkOAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Irving+Wardle%22&source=bl&ots=M4guo1ZP0_&sig=efjTqq0gjeSbXfGqGasIFO26eFE&hl=en&ei=vF2WS6zpGZP60wTkmPDtCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAgQ6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=&f=false |title=Theatre Criticism |first=Irving |last=Wardle |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=0-415-03181-8 |year=1992}}
11. ^{{Cite news |date=2 March 2008 |first=Toby |last=Young |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/sunday-review/regulars/culture-nicholas-de-jongh-sets-himself-up-for-a-dramatic-fall-789135.html |publisher=Independent on Sunday |title=Nicholas de Jongh sets himself up for a dramatic fall | location=London}}
12. ^{{Cite web |url=http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/237139 |publisher=British Film Institute |title=ITV PLAYHOUSE: The HOUSEBOY |accessdate=9 March 2010 }}
13. ^{{Cite news |publisher=Al-Ahram |first=Nehad |last=Selaiha |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/708/cu1.htm |title=Back on the merry-go-round |date=16–22 September 2004 |issue=708 }}
14. ^{{Cite news |title=What to expect of CIFET 2004 |first=Nehad |last=Selaiha |url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/709/cu1.htm |publisher=Al-Ahram |date=23–29 September 2004 |issue=709 }}
15. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1210591/De-Silva-love-loses-shine.html |title=De Silva love loses its shine |publisher=Daily Mail |date=25 September 2009 | location=London | first=Richard | last=Kay}}
16. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/jun/12/haroldpinter |date=12 June 2008 |title=Harold Pinter |publisher=The Guardian | location=London}}