| 词条 | Isaac Perlmutter |
| 释义 |
|name = Isaac Perlmutter |image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_name = |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|12|1}} |birth_place = British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel) |death_date = |death_place = |death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |residence = |nationality = Israeli American |other_names = |known_for = |education = |alma_mater = |employer = |occupation = Chairman, Marvel Entertainment |title = |salary = |networth = {{gain}}US$4.4 billion (August 2018)[1] |party = |boards = |spouse = Laura Perlmutter[2][3] |partner = |children = |parents = |relations = |website = |footnotes = }} Isaac "Ike" Perlmutter ({{lang-he|יצחק "אייק" פרלמוטר}}; December 1, 1942) is an Israeli-American businessperson and financier. He is the chairman and former CEO of Marvel Entertainment.[2][3][4] He was also the owner of Remington Products and Marvel Toys. Early lifeIsaac Perlmutter was born to a Jewish family in then British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel). He grew up in Israel, serving in the Israeli Army during the Six-Day War of 1967. He emigrated to America, arriving in New York City with only $250, and he earned a living standing outside Jewish cemeteries in Brooklyn, leveraging his Hebrew skills to lead funeral services for tips.[5][6] Later he sold toys and beauty products on the streets of New York City, which eventually evolved into selling surplus stock and end-of-line items at a big profit. Although he never attended a university, he taught himself how to read a balance sheet and became very good at spotting overlooked value in weak and distressed companies.[5] CareerRevcoWith a new partner, Bernard Marden, and leveraging the skills he attained as a wholesaler, he formed a company called Odd Lot Trading, a wholesaler and retailer of closeout items. In May 1984, they sold Odd Lot to Revco Discount Drug Stores in exchange for 12% of Revco stock. He soon challenged Revco management for control of the company but, after initial positive feedback, was rejected. Perlmutter and his partner threatened a hostile takeover but eventually refrained and sold their share back to Revco for $120 million.[7] ColecoPerlmutter had a close relationship with the management of toy manufacturer Coleco Entertainment Corporation as he had been purchasing unsold inventory from them for some time. As is typical in the industry, payment terms were often unusual. With Coleco, Perlmutter would purchase unsold inventory in exchange for 50% cash and 50% in "barter advertising credits" (basically a promise to pay for the future advertising expenses of Coleco). Over a four-year period, Perlmutter had received $144 million in goods and paid $73 million in cash along with providing $71 million in barter advertising credits to be paid in the future.[7] In 1988, he saw an opportunity as Coleco struggled under its debt due to the advent of the personal computer which impacted the sale of video games. Perlmutter bought all of Coleco's senior debt (with $85 million in face value) for $50 million, a substantial discount, becoming senior to their bondholders in the event of a bankruptcy. Although Perlmutter believed that a Coleco bankruptcy was probable, he also believed that the value of the Coleco's assets should be sufficient to cover the full $85 million in value that he had purchased. In July 1988, Coleco filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[7] The bondholders, suspicious over Perlmutter's close relationship with Coleco's management, sued Perlmutter alleging fraudulent conveyance over the barter advertising credits (which made up a very significant item on Coleco's balance sheet). After extensive negotiation, a settlement was reached whereby Coleco would be sold to Hasbro Corporation for $85 million and Perlmutter would accept $64 million for his now $90 million claim (principal plus interest) in exchange for the withdrawal of the lawsuit.[7] RemingtonIn 1994, Victor Kiam sold controlling interest of Remington Products to Isaac Perlmutter. Perlmutter became Vice President of Remington.[3] Kiam and Perlmutter sold Remington to Vestar Capital Partners in 1996.[8] MarvelIsaac Perlmutter was a member of the board of directors of Marvel Comics beginning in April 1993 and was chairman of the board until March 1995.[2] Isaac Perlmutter also was the co-owner, with Avi Arad, of Toy Biz (later Marvel Toys), having purchased its predecessor company from Charan Industries in January 1990.[2] Toy Biz, Inc. was reorganized in the Marvel deal with Perlmutter continuing to own the original Toy Biz, Inc., which was renamed Zib, Inc. Zib held its foreign sales affiliate, Toy Biz International Ltd., a Hong Kong corporation and Perlmutter's share of the new Toy Biz, Inc.[9] When the Marvel Group went bankrupt in 1996, protracted legal battles over control of the company followed between Perlmutter, Arad, Carl Icahn, and Ron Perelman. By 1997, Perlmutter and Arad had established control over the company, pushing out Icahn and Perelman. ToyBiz and Marvel were merged into Marvel Enterprises to bring it out of bankruptcy in June 1998 with ToyBiz becoming a division of the new company.[10] On November 30, 2001, Perlmutter became vice chairman of Marvel.[11][2] He became the chief executive officer of Marvel Comics on January 1, 2005. He remained CEO of Marvel Entertainment, even after the acquisition of Marvel by The Walt Disney Company on December 31, 2009. Although Perlmutter received $800 million in cash and $590 million in Disney stock after the acquisition, he did not want a seat on Disney's board of directors.[12] In September 2015, Perlmutter stopped overseeing the development of Marvel Studios. Disney felt the studio head, Kevin Feige, should report directly to the chairman of The Walt Disney Studios, Alan Horn, so all cinematic properties of Disney, including Pixar and Lucasfilm, were under one management structure. The restructuring was allegedly due to Feige's "frustration" of working with Perlmutter as well as some alleged controversial comments and actions by Perlmutter, such as replacing the casting of Terrence Howard as James Rhodes with Don Cheadle because black people "look the same."[13] A person with knowledge of his creative approach said, "Ike Perlmutter neither discriminates nor cares about diversity, he just cares about what he thinks will make money."[14] Jeph Loeb, who oversees Marvel Television and the television properties of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, still reports to Perlmutter.[15]PhilanthropyIn 1993, Perlmutter and his wife established the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Professorship and Chair in Cell Biology at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine (part of the New York University School of Medicine). In addition, Mrs. Perlmutter has served as a trustee on the NYU Medical Center's Board of Trustees since 1993.[6][16] In 2016 Perlmutter contributed to the establishment of the metabolic center of the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology.[17] Political involvementIn 2015, Laura Perlmutter donated $2 million to a Super-PAC supporting the presidential candidacy of Sen. Marco Rubio.[18] In January 2016, according to Donald Trump, Isaac intended to donate $1 million to the presidential candidate's wounded veterans initiative at Drake University.[19] On June 30, 2016, Laura Perlmutter donated $449,400 to a PAC supporting Donald Trump, and later was part of Trump's Inauguration committee.[20] Influence at the Department of Veterans AffairsIn April 2017, Perlmutter was categorized by The New York Times as one of the "Clubgoers" among twenty people whom President Trump consults "outside the White House gates". He "has been informally advising ... on veterans issues [and] ... has been a presence" at Mar-a-Lago, according to the account.[21] In August 2018 non-profit news organization ProPublica reported that Trump had informally authorized three members of his Mar-a-Lago club to direct policy at the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and issue instructions to Secretary of Veterans Affairs Peter O'Rourke. Perlmutter was named among the three.[22] The author of the article obtained "hundreds of documents" through the Freedom of Information Act that show the three were in daily contact with the agency, "reviewing all manner of policy and personnel decisions" and that "they prodded the VA to start new programs, and officials travelled to Mar-a-Lago at taxpayer expense to hear their views."[22] Personal lifeEarly in his career, Perlmutter met his wife Laurie J. Perlmutter at a Catskills resort and they married soon after. They divide their time between homes in Palm Beach, Florida, close to Mar-a-Lago, and New York City.[5] Perlmutter takes great pride in never having given an interview over his entire career despite being in the public eye due to his many court battles and bankruptcy fights.[5] He has rarely been spontaneously photographed.[5][21][16] Companies
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|author= |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/isaac-perlmutter/ |title=Isaac Perlmutter |publisher=Forbes |date= |accessdate=June 2, 2016}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=667576&symbol=MVL|title=Marvel Entertainment, Inc. (MVL:NYSE)|publisher=BusinessWeek|accessdate=March 18, 2008}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/news/newsitem.cgi?id=4310|title=Isaac Perlmutter New CEO Marvel Enterprises|publisher=Comic Book Resources|first=Jonah|last=Weiland|date=October 15, 2004|accessdate=March 18, 2008}} 4. ^{{cite web|first1=Eriq |last1=Gardner |url= http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/marvels-ike-perlmutter-a-trump-friend-hopes-homeland-security-helped-solve-bizarre-mystery-1008074|title=Marvel's Ike Perlmutter, a Trump Friend, Hopes Homeland Security Helped Solve Bizarre Mystery|date=May 30, 2017|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=May 30, 2017}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|last=Garrahan |first=Matthew |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/4080d0de-997f-11de-ab8c-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1wkuFZPBa |title=Man in the News: Ike Perlmutter |website=FT.com |date=September 4, 2009 |accessdate=June 2, 2016}}{{subscription required}} Spelling of wife's name -- Laurie -- at variance with other cites. Subscriber-check on name needed. 6. ^1 {{cite web|author=|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/isaac-perlmutter-man-head-comics-4803380.html|title=Yahoo|website=Voices.yahoo.com|date=|accessdate=June 2, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130209232547/http://voices.yahoo.com/isaac-perlmutter-man-head-comics-4803380.html|archivedate=February 9, 2013}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LUN9VFyCpQsC&pg=PA81 |title=The Vulture Investors |first=Hilary |last=Rosenberg |page=81 |website=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=June 2, 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=Bloomberg Billionaires Index - Isaac Perlmutter |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/isaac-perlmutter/ |website=Bloomberg |accessdate=30 December 2018}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Toy Biz, Inc. Prospectus |url=http://secfilings.nyse.com/filing.php?doc=1&attach=ON&ipage=174486&repo=tenk |work=NYSE.com |publisher=New York Stock Exchange |accessdate=May 10, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202233101/http://secfilings.nyse.com/filing.php?doc=1&attach=ON&ipage=174486&repo=tenk |archivedate= December 2, 2013 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Raviv|first=Dan|title=Comic Wars|year=April 2002|publisher=Broadway Books|isbn=0-7679-0830-9|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/features/comicwars/timeline.html}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/933730/000111667901501056/employagmt-perl.txt|title=Employment Agreement|publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission|date=November 30, 2001|accessdate=January 5, 2019}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://screenrant.com/marvel-ceo-ike-perlmutter-images/|title=Here's A Rare Photo of Marvel CEO Ike Perlmutter|date=December 29, 2016|publisher=}} 13. ^{{cite web|last=Robinson |first=Joanna |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/09/marvel-studios-ike-perlmutter-kevin-feige |title=Why It Matters That Marvel Studios Just Escaped Its Eccentric Billionaire C.E.O. |publisher=Vanity Fair |date=September 1, 2015 |accessdate=June 2, 2016}} 14. ^{{cite web|last=Robinson |first=Joanna |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/11/marvel-cover-story |title=Secrets of the Marvel Universe: Inside Marvel's Universe with Kevin Feige, Thor, Black Widow, Iron Man, Hulk, and More|publisher=Vanity Fair |date=November 27, 2017 |accessdate=December 5, 2017}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/marvel-shake-up-film-chief-819205 |title=Marvel Shake-Up: Film Chief Kevin Feige Breaks Free of CEO Ike Perlmutter (Exclusive) |work=The Hollywood Reporter |first=Kim |last=Masters |author2=Matthew Belloni |date=August 31, 2015 |accessdate=June 2, 2016}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Best Picture Of Marvel CEO Ike Perlmutter We Are Likely To Get|url=https://www.bleedingcool.com/2017/01/05/the-best-picture-of-marvel-ceo-ike-perlmutter-we-are-likely-to-get/|first= Rich |last=Johnston |date=January 5, 2017| publisher=Bleeding Cool|accessdate=January 5, 2017}} 17. ^https://www.technion.ac.il/en/2016/11/gearing-up-cancer-medicine/ 18. ^1 {{cite news|title=Million-Dollar Donors in the 2016 Presidential Race|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/us/elections/top-presidential-donors-campaign-money.html|accessdate=October 14, 2015|publisher=New York Times|date=August 25, 2015}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Marvel CEO Ike Perlmutter Gives $1M to Trump's Veterans Fundraiser|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/marvel-ceo-ike-perlmutter-gives-860301|first= Ryan |last=Parker |author2=Jackie Strause |date=January 28, 2016|accessdate=February 1, 2016|work=The Hollywood Reporter}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?201607159020646791|title=Schedule A FEC Form Trump Victory Campaign|author=Federal Election Commission (FEC)|date= June 30, 2016|website=docquery.fec.gov|publisher=|access-date=}} 21. ^1 Haberman, Maggie, and Glenn Thrush, [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/22/us/politics/donald-trump-white-house.html "Trump Reaches Beyond West Wing for Counsel > Ike Perlmutter"], April 22, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017. 22. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.propublica.org/article/ike-perlmutter-bruce-moskowitz-marc-sherman-shadow-rulers-of-the-va|title=The Shadow Rulers of the VA — ProPublica|date=August 7, 2018|website=ProPublica|language=en-us|others=Isaac Arnsdorf|access-date=August 8, 2018}} External links
14 : American chief executives|American financiers|American investors|Living people|1942 births|Marvel Entertainment people|Mandatory Palestine people|Businesspeople from New York City|Israeli emigrants to the United States|American billionaires|Israeli soldiers|Israeli Jews|American people of Israeli descent|Marvel Comics people |
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