| 词条 | Ishak Bey |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Ishak Bey | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Гробот на Исхак-бег 2 (2016).jpeg | image_size = 180px | alt = | caption = The grave of Ishak Bey in Skopje | birth_date = | death_date = | birth_place = | death_place = | placeofburial = Skopje, modern day Macedonia | placeofburial_label = Place of burial | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | birth_name = | allegiance = Ottoman Empire | branch = | serviceyears = 15th century | rank = sanjakbey | servicenumber = | unit = | commands = | battles =
| battles_label = | awards = | relations = | laterwork = | signature = | website = }}Ishak Bey or Ishak-Beg was an Ottoman governor and soldier, the sanjakbey of Üsküb from 1415 to 1439.[1] LifeAccording to some sources he was a member of the Bosnian Hranušić family, released slave and adopted son of Pasha Yiğit Bey.[2] That is disputed with opinion that Pasha Yigit Bey was indeed a biological father of Ishak Bey.[3] Ishak was appointed ruler by Porte at the time of the conquest of Foča, Čajniče, Pljevlja and Nevesinje in today's Bosnia and Herzegovina.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} In 1420 Ishak Bey organized an unsuccessful campaign in Bosnia to support Sandalj's struggle against his enemies.[4] In attempt to relieve Ottoman pressure during the Siege of Thessalonica Venice inspired Gjon Kastrioti to rebel against Ottomans in 1428. After Ottomans captured Thessalonica in April 1430 their forces led by Ishak bey captured most of Gjon's land. He positioned Ottoman garrison in two Gjon's castles and destroyed rest of them. In December 1434 during an Albanian revolt he marched in south-central Albania but was defeated by Gjergj Arianiti. Contemporary sources from the senate of Ragusa mention that many Ottoman soldiers were captured, while Ishak Bey escaped with a small group.[5] In 1439, when he was returning from his trip to Mecca, he was ordered by the sultan to join forces of Şihabeddin Pasha and besiege Novo Brdo, important fortified mining town of Serbian Despotate. On 6 August 1439 the Ottoman forces under Ishak-Beg defeated forces of Serbian Despotate in a battle fought near Novo Brdo.[6] In November 1443 he commanded one of Ottoman armies during the Battle of Niš which ended with Ottoman defeat.[7] Sultan appointed Himmetizade Nesuh Bey to be the new ruler of Bosansko Krajište in period between 1439 and 1454 when Isa-Beg Ishaković, Ishak Bey's son and ruler of Skopsko Krajište took over control over Bosansko Krajište also for period 1454—1463. His grandson Gazi Mehmed Bey Ishaković was sanjak-bey of Bosnian Sanjak in period 1484–1485.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} He built the Ishak Bey Mosque in Skopje, where his tomb is also located. Family treeAfter Franz Babinger in the Encyclopedia of Islam:[8] {{family tree/start}}{{family tree | | | | | YIGIT | | | | | YIGIT=Pasha Yiğit Bey}}{{family tree | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }}{{family tree | | ISHAK |-|^|-| TURAHAN | | ISHAK=Ishak Bey |TURAHAN=Turahan Bey}}{{family tree | | |!| | | | | |!}}{{family tree | |ISA| | AHMED|^|OMER| | | | | ISA=Isa Bey Isaković |AHMED=Ahmed Bey |OMER=Ömer Bey}}{{family tree | | | | | | | | | | |!}}{{family tree | | | | | | | |HASAN|^|IDRIS | HASAN=Hasan Bey | IDRIS=Idris Bey}}{{family tree/end}}Notes{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}{{Cnote2|A|Adopted by Isak Beg. Isaković was of Slavic origin and member of Pavlović family.}}{{Cnote2 End}}References1. ^{{cite book|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA468|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=1994-06-15|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472082605|page=468}} {{s-start}}{{s-bef| before=Pasha Yiğit Bey}}{{s-ttl| title=Ottoman governor of the Üsküb frontier| years=1415–1439}}{{s-aft| after=Himmetizade Nesuh Bey}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ishak Bey}}2. ^{{cite book|last=Mandić|first=Dominik|title=Bosna i Hercegovina: povjesno-kritička istraživanja|year=1978|publisher=ZIRAL, Zajednica izdanja ranjeni labud|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ekrvAAAAMAAJ&q=skopski+sand%C5%BEak&dq=skopski+sand%C5%BEak&hl=en&ei=tsjiTamoHsjCtAaKr9iLBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAjgU|accessdate=29 May 2011|quote=Ishak beg, sandžak Skopski 1414-1439, nije bio rođeni sin svoga predšasnika Yigit Paše, skopskoga sandžaka, nego njegov oslobođeni rob i posinak. Na osnovu nekih izjava Isa bega, sina Ishak begova, Ć. Truhelka postavio je tezu da je Ishak beg bio rodom Hranušić}} 3. ^{{Citation | last = Houtsma | first = Martijn Theodoor | author-link = Martijn Theodoor Houtsma | contribution = | editor-last = | editor-first = | title = Encyclopaedia of Islam | volume = VIII | pages = 877, 878, 1053 | publisher = E.J. Brill and Luzac and Co. | place = Netherlands | quote= his epithet there Hranušić is unnecessary slavisation ... It is therefore evident that Ishak Beg and Turakhan Beg were sons of Pasha Yigit Beg, i.e. were brothers. | publication-date = 1993}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=ro--tXw_hxMC&pg=PA876&lpg=PA876&dq=Pasha+Yigit+Beg&source=bl&ots=VsIOV9u8BG&sig=aMPS1pECgYmbxxriLBF3ZoMP42k&hl=en&ei=EHYUTej7M4ea8QP_w_CEBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Pasha%20Yigit%20Beg&f=false] 4. ^{{Citation |last= M. Bešić |first= Zarij |authorlink= |title=Istorija Crne Gore / 2. Crna gora u doba oblasnih gospodara. |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/82440321/Grupa-Autora-Istorija-Crne-Gore-2-tom-2 |archiveurl= |archivedate= |format= |accessdate= |edition= |series= |volume= |origyear= |year=1970 |publisher= Redakcija za istoiju Crne Gore |location= Titograd |language= Serbian |isbn= |oclc=175122851 |doi= |doi-inactive-date=|bibcode= |id= |page=123 |pages= |nopp= |at= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote=Већ сљедеће године кренуо је скопски намјесник Исхак у Босну да сатре Сандаљеве противнике, које је подржавао босански краљ.Ништа он није ни могао предузети против Сандаљевог пасторкаи вјерног султановог харачара Балше III. |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |lastauthoramp= |ref= }} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Anamali|first1=Skënder|last2=Korkuti|first2=Muzafer|last3=Islami|first3=Selim|author4=Frano Prendi |author5=Edi Shukriu|editor=Kristaq Prifti, Muzafer Korkuti|title=Historia e popullit shqiptar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UlUtAQAAIAAJ|page=337|accessdate=31 July 2012|year=2002|publisher=Botimet Toena}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Jefferson|first=John|authorlink=John Jefferson|title=The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438-1444|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FpvqWWpUYSoC&pg=PA165|date=17 August 2012|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-21904-8|page=165}} 7. ^{{Citation|last=Babinger|first=Franz|title=Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPxC6rO7vvsC&pg=PA25&dq=battle+of+Zlatitsa&hl=en&ei=i8XsTdOcAs7usgbUstTnCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CE4Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=battle%20of%20Zlatitsa&f=false|quote= The combined host met Ottoman forces first on November 3, 1443, between the castle of Bolvan (near Aleksinac) and the city of Niš. Here Kasim Bey, then governor of Rumelia, Ishak Bey and other standard bearers were defeated.|year=1992|page=25|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-01078-6}} 8. ^{{cite encyclopedia | article=Turakhān Beg| first = Franz | last = Babinger | authorlink=Franz Babinger | encyclopedia = E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Volume VIII | editor-first = Martijn Theodoor | editor-last = Houtsma | publisher = BRILL | location = Leiden | year = 1987 | origyear=1936 | isbn = 90-04-09794-5 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ro--tXw_hxMC&lpg=PA615&pg=PA876#v=onepage&q&f=false | pages = 876–878}} 10 : Military personnel of the Ottoman Empire|Medieval Bosnian nobility|Ottoman Bosnian nobility|14th-century births|Muslims of the Crusade of Varna|Bosnian Muslims of the Ottoman Empire|People of the Ottoman Empire of Bosnian descent|14th-century people of the Ottoman Empire|15th-century people of the Ottoman Empire|Year of death unknown |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。