| 词条 | Juan Goytisolo |
| 释义 |
| name = Juan Goytisolo | image = Juan-goytisolo.jpg | caption = Goytisolo in 2008 | pseudonym = | birth_name = Juan Goytisolo Gay[1] | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1931|1|5}} | birth_place = Barcelona, Spain | death_date = {{death date and age|2017|6|4|1931|1|5|df=yes}} | death_place = Marrakech, Morocco | occupation = Novelist, short story writer, poet, essayist | nationality = Spanish | period = 1954–2017 | genre = | subject = | movement = Post-Modernism | notableworks = Count Julian | spouse = Monique Lange | children = | relatives = Luis Goytisolo, José Agustín | influences = | influenced = | awards = {{awd|Miguel de Cervantes Prize|2014}} | signature = | website = | portaldisp = }}{{quote box|quote=For decades, my name was more popular in police stations than bookshops, and I do not mean to compliment the literary awareness of Spanish policemen.[2]|source=Juan Goytisolo|width=300}} Juan Goytisolo Gay (5 January 1931 – 4 June 2017) was a Spanish poet, essayist, and novelist. He lived in Marrakech from 1997 until his death in 2017. He was considered Spain's greatest living writer at the beginning of the 21st century, yet he had lived abroad since the 1950s. On 24 November 2014 he was awarded the Cervantes Prize, the most prestigious literary award in the Spanish-speaking world. BackgroundJuan Goytisolo was born to an upper class family. He claimed that this level of status, accompanied by the cruelties of his great-grandfather and the miserliness of his grandfather (discovered through the reading of old family letters and documents), was a major reason for his joining the Communist party in his youth.[3] His father was imprisoned by the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War, while his mother, Julia Gay, was killed in the first Francoist air raid of Barcelona in 1938.[4] He attended a Jesuit school in Barcelona after the Civil War, where he began writing fiction as a teenager. He later attended law school at the University of Madrid and the University of Barcelona, but left without earning a degree.[5] CareerAfter law studies, Goytisolo published his first novel, The Young Assassins, in 1954. In 1956 he performed six months of military service in Mataró, which inspired some of his early stories. His deep opposition to Francisco Franco led him into exile in Paris later that same year, where he worked as a reader for Gallimard. In the early 1960s, he was a friend of Guy Debord. From 1969 to 1975 he worked as a literature professor in universities in California, Boston, and New York. Breaking with the realism of his earlier novels, he published Marks of Identity (1966), Count Julian (1970), and Juan the Landless (1975). During his tenure as a professor he also worked on his controversial Spanish translation of the works of José María Blanco White, which he published in part as a critique of Francoist Spain. As with all his works, they were banned in Spain until after Franco's death. In 2012, Goytisolo confirmed that he was finished writing novels, saying he had nothing more to write and that it was better he kept quiet. He continued, however, to publish essays and some poetry.[6] Count Julian (1970, 1971, 1974) takes up, in an act of outspoken defiance, the side of Julian, count of Ceuta, a man traditionally castigated as the ultimate traitor in Spanish history. In Goytisolo's own words, he imagines "the destruction of Spanish mythology, its Catholicism and nationalism, in a literary attack on traditional Spain." He identifies himself "with the great traitor who opened the door to Arab invasion." The narrator in this novel, an exile in North Africa, rages against his beloved Spain, forming an obsessive identification with the fabled Count Julian, dreaming that, in a future invasion, the ethos and myths central to Hispanic identity will be totally destroyed. FamilyGoytisolo was married to the publisher, novelist and screenwriter {{ill|Monique Lange|es}}, whom he met in Paris in the 1950s. Lange was related to Emmanuel Berl and the philosopher Henri Bergson.[7] Goytisolo and Lange had something of an open relationship, and he slept with men but "love[d] only Monique".[8] They married in 1978 and lived together until she died in 1996. After her death, he was noted as saying their once-shared Paris apartment had become like a tomb. In 1997 he moved to Marrakech, where he died in 2017. His brothers José Agustín Goytisolo (1928–1999) and Luis Goytisolo (1935) were also writers.[9] Works{{div col|colwidth=22em}}Fiction
Essays
Others
Literary prizes
References1. ^El País {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729090418/http://www.elpais.com/todo-sobre/persona/Juan/Goytisolo/Gay/36/ |date=2010-07-29 }} Retrieved 2010-07-16. 2. ^Quoted in Eberstadt, cited above. 3. ^Goytisolo, Juan. Forbidden Territory. New York: Verso, 2003. 4. ^"[H]is mother, killed during the Spanish Civil War, was Julia Gay". George E. Haggerty, Gay Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia, p. 413. 5. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/books/juan-goytisolo-dead-spanish-novelist-who-won-cervantes-prize.html "Juan Goytisolo, novelist who took aim at Spanish Conservatism, dies at 86"]. William Grimes, 'The New York Times', 06.07.2017. Retrieved 7 February 2018. 6. ^Rosa Mora. [https://elpais.com/cultura/2012/09/08/actualidad/1347118141_478405.html Juan Goytisolo recibe el Premio Formentor con Carlos Fuentes en el recuerdo], El País, 08.09.2012; Accessed 09.09.2012 7. ^{{cite news|last=Kirkup|first=James|date=4 December 1996|title=Obituary: Monique Lange|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-monique-lange-1312919.html|work=The Independent|access-date=4 June 2017}} 8. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/aug/12/internationalwriting.books "Scourge of the New Spain"], Maya Jaggi, 'The Guardian', 12 August 2000. Retrieved 7 February 2018. 9. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.eldiario.es/cultura/Luis-Goytisolo-novelista-escribe-pies_0_445155752.html |title=Luis Goytisolo, el novelista que "escribe con los pies" |language=Spanish |publisher=El Diario |date=25 October 2015 |accessdate=16 April 2016}} 10. ^{{es icon}} "Los protagonistas de la lengua" El País Retrieved 30 June 2013. 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2015/04/23/inenglish/1429799756_506607.html |title=Cervantes prizewinner laments state of Spain during ceremony |work=El Pais |author=Javier Rodriguez Marcos|date=23 April 2015 |accessdate=27 April 2015}} External links
21 : 1931 births|2017 deaths|Bisexual writers|LGBT writers from Spain|People from Marrakesh|Spanish essayists|20th-century Spanish novelists|21st-century Spanish novelists|Spanish male novelists|Spanish poets|Writers from Barcelona|LGBT poets|Male essayists|Spanish male poets|20th-century essayists|21st-century essayists|20th-century Spanish male writers|21st-century male writers|Spanish expatriates|Expatriates in Morocco|Spanish expatriates in France |
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