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词条 Israeli Apartheid Week
释义

  1. Efficacy

     Expanse 

  2. Annual events

  3. Notable demonstrations and speakers

  4. Views on the conference and its activities

     Support  Reaction by university administration  U.S. investigation  Criticism 

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{pp-move-indef}}{{pp-30-500|small=yes}}Israeli Apartheid Week is an annual series of university lectures and rallies. The series is held in February or March. According to the organization, "the aim of IAW is to educate people about the nature of Israel as an apartheid system and to build Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) campaigns as part of a growing global BDS movement."[1] Since IAW began in Toronto in 2005, it has since spread to at least 55 cities around the world including locations in Australia, Austria, Brazil, Botswana, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, Palestine, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[2][3][4][5][6][7]

Israeli Apartheid Week has garnered much controversy since its inception and has been criticized by some as anti-Semitic.

Efficacy

The organizers said the week has "played an important role in raising awareness and disseminating information about Zionism, the Palestinian liberation struggle and its similarities with the indigenous sovereignty struggle in North America and the South African anti-Apartheid movement." An international divestment campaign was also said to have gained momentum in response to the 2005 statement by over 170 Palestinian civil society organizations who called for boycotts, divestments and sanctions. They also claimed that important gains had been made in the campaign in countries like South Africa, the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States.

The years preceding 2008, a significant year in that it marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the state of Israel, had seen a sharp increase of literature and analysis that was said to have sought to document and challenge alleged Israeli apartheid, including reports issued by major international bodies and human rights organizations and findings published by political leaders, thinkers, academics, and activists. The efforts were also said to have highlighted the role that people and governments across the world could play in providing "solidarity with the Palestinian struggle by exerting urgent pressure on Israel to alter its current structure and practices as an apartheid state."[8]

Expanse

Cities to have hosted a previous event of the Week are, amongst others: Oxford University (Oxford),[9] New York City{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}, University of Toronto[10] and University of Ottawa, Canada;[10] Montreal, Hamilton, London, Cambridge{{citation needed|date=April 2013}} and Soweto, South Africa.

Speakers have included Balad MK Jamal Zahalka in 2007 and former MK Azmi Bishara, also of Balad, who began Israeli Apartheid Week 2008 with a live broadcast from Soweto.[3]

In 2009, locations included Abu Dis, Berkeley, Boston College, Emory University, Bir Zeit, Edinburgh, Edmonton, Johannesburg, Oxford, Kalkilya, San Francisco, Soweto, Tulkarm and Washington, D.C.

In 2010, locations include

Jerusalem, Amsterdam, Bard (NY), Beirut, Berkeley, Bethlehem, Bil'in, Bogota, Bologna, Boston, Cape Town, Caracas, Chicago, Connecticut, Duluth, Dundee, Durban, Eastern Cape, Edinburgh, Edmonton, Gaza, Glasgow, Guelph, Hamilton, Houston, Ireland, Jenin, Johannesburg, Kingston, London (ON), London (UK), Madrid, Melbourne, Minneapolis/St.Paul, Montréal, Nablus, New York City, Nil'in,

Ottawa, Oxford, Peterborough, Pisa, Pretoria, Providence, Puebla, Roma, San Francisco, Seattle, Sudbury, Tilburg, Toronto, Truro (CA), Utrecht, Vancouver, Waterloo and Winnipeg.

In 2014, locations include

Vienna, Brussels, Ghent, Botswana, Cuiaba, Porto Alegre, São Paulo, Calgary, Edmonton, Hamilton, London, Montreal, Ottawa, Peterborough, Regina, Sudbury, Toronto, Vancouver, Waterloo, Winnipeg, Copenhagen, Helsinki, Joensuu, Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lille, Lyon, Marseille, Metz, Nantes, Paris, Strasbourg, Tours, Berlin, Freiberg, Stuttgart, Dehli, Cork, Dublin, Galway, Bologna, Cagliari, Rome, Venice, Japan, Amman, Irbid, Seoul, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Morocco, Oslo, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Gaza, Nablus, Naqab, Ramallah, Tulkarem, Yaffa (Jaffa), Aliwal North, Benoni, Cape Town, Durban, Fleurhof, Grahamstown, Johannesburg, Laudium, Mitchells Plain, Orange Farm, Pietermaritzburg, Polokwane, Port Elizabeth, Port Shepstone, Pretoria, Roshnee, Rustenburg, Soweto, Stellenbosch, Barcelona, Gijon, Irunea, Madrid, Palma, Sevilla, Valencia, Malmo, Stockholm, Basel, Berne, Geneva, Syria, Golan Heights, Bangkok, Birmingham, Bradford, Cambridge, Dundee, Durham, Edinburgh, Essex, Exeter, Glasgow, Kent, Lancaster, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Northampton, Nottingham, Oxford, Sheffield, Southampton, Sussex, London, Albuquerque, Arizona, Beaumont, Boston, Cambridge, Chicago, Dearborn, Delaware, Louisville, Maryland, Massachusetts, Milwaukee, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Olympia, Omaha, Philadelphia, Seattle, Toledo and Washington DC.[11]

Annual events

The first Israeli Apartheid week was held on January 31 to February 4, 2005.[12]

The 2006 Israeli Apartheid week was held on February 13 to 17, 2006.[13]

The 2007 Israeli Apartheid week was held on February 12 to 17, 2007.[14]

The 4th Annual Israeli Apartheid Week 2008 was officially launched on February 3, 2008 in Soweto, South Africa as the "exiled Palestinian Israeli Knesset" Azmi Bishara, gave a lecture on the 60th anniversary of the Palestinian Nakba. The conference continued till the 19th of the same month.[15] The week of the event was February 4 to February 9, 2008.[16]

The 2009 Israeli Apartheid Week was held on March 1 to 8, 2009.[17]

The 2010 Israeli Apartheid Week was held on March 1 to 6, 2010.[18]

The 2014 Israeli Apartheid Week was held on February 24 to March 28 in over 50 cities around the world.[19][20]

Notable demonstrations and speakers

In 2012, the Palestine Society of the London School of Economics (LSE) erected a mock "Israeli Apartheid Wall," which led to a confrontation after Pro-Israel students threw waterballoons at the mock wall in protest.[21][22]

In 2013, Harvard University's Palestine Solidarity Committee, which organizes Israeli Apartheid Week at Harvard University, posted mock eviction notices on students' dorm room doors.[23]

U.S. scholar and MIT professor Noam Chomsky has spoken various times at many university campuses as part of Israeli Apartheid Week.[23][24]

Ben White, a freelance journalist and author of two books on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, has also been active speaker during Israeli Apartheid Week both in the United States and the United Kingdom including his alma mater Cambridge.[25][25][26]

Israeli historian and Exeter professor Ilan Pappé has also spoken at Israeli Apartheid Week events throughout the UK.[20]

Israeli historian and Oxford professor Avi Shlaim has given speeches at Israeli Apartheid Week, including one at the London School of Economics.[20][27]

Views on the conference and its activities

Support

{{Expand section|date=November 2008}}

Israeli Apartheid Week events are almost always hosted by solidarity societies and organizations associated with academic institutions. Speakers at the various meetings around the world support the goals of the Week. An Arab citizen of Israel and Member of the Knesset, Jamal Zahalka, spoke in Montréal in 2007. He said: "Calling the occupation apartheid isn’t an overstatement, it’s an understatement. The Israeli occupation in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip are worse than apartheid.[28]

In 2014, South Africa's ruling party, the African National Congress, officially endorsed the Israeli Apartheid Week. The ANC, which led the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, said participating in this year's Apartheid Week was part of its commitment to the international anti-apartheid movement and that it remains “unequivocal in its support for the Palestinian people in their struggle for self-determination, and unapologetic in its view that the Palestinians are the victims and the oppressed in the conflict with Israel."[29]

According to IAW organizers, there has been "a sharp increase of literature and analysis that has sought to document and challenge Israeli apartheid, including reports issued by major international bodies and human rights organizations and findings published by political leaders, thinkers, academics, and activists."[30]

Reaction by university administration

The University of Toronto president, David Naylor, said of the week featuring the events "this isn’t [my] favourite time of year." However, Dr. Naylor responded to objections from the Friends of the Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies, in signing a statement that declared, "We do, in fact, recognize that the term Israeli Apartheid is upsetting to many people, [but] we also recognize that, in every society, universities have a unique role to provide a safe venue for highly charged discourse."[31]

University of Manitoba President David Barnard, in a report to the Board of Governors regarding Israeli Apartheid Week in 2010, that "while he had not personally attended any of the events, the events proceeded as anticipated and were orderly. He added that he had received a lot of communication from the external community regarding this, and that while there were a number of people against the event, there was also support for the University's position in allowing the event to proceed."[32] In 2011, Barnard responded publicly to complaints about IAW, saying "Ultimately, we have an obligation to uphold the right to freedom of expression, and will not censor an individual or group for what has not yet been expressed."[33]

In 2013, UC Berkeley spokesperson, Dan Mogulof, stated that the campus agreed to consider clarifying its demonstration policies but would not curtail student speech. The Office for Civil Rights and a federal judge declared that the "university has no right or ability to trample on the constitutional rights of students."[34]

U.S. investigation

Two Berkeley students filed charges in July 2012 that the annual apartheid week events on campus has led to more anti-semitism on campus. Federal officials, in 2013, dismissed the claim stating that "the events did not constitute actionable harassment." A UC spokesperson added, criticism of Israel is not necessarily anti-Semitic.[34][35]

Criticism

In 2007 the event spread to New York University, Columbia University and Hunter College in New York City. The David Project, organized meetings the same week in opposition to the characterization of Israel as an apartheid state, and the American Jewish Committee Koppelman Institute on American Jewish-Israeli Relations denounced the apartheid week saying "the specter of apartheid should not be raised in any form."[36]

In 2008 Israel's ambassador to Canada, Alan Baker, denounced Israeli Apartheid Week as "crude propagandism, pure hypocrisy and cynical manipulation of the student body."[37]

Organizers of the counter protest stated that they "want to remove the connection that modern-day students have to the word apartheid and Israel and refocus it to the countries that we think really exemplify the definition of apartheid, being a policy of separation and segregation. Through a week which encompasses the themes of gender, sexual and political apartheid, we hope to get out a new message."[5]

In February 2010, 30 members of the Ontario Provincial legislature of Ontario voted to condemn IAW as being "odious, hateful and inappropriate." The largely symbolic vote received support from all three of Ontario's political parties.[38][39]

Gay columnist and pornographic film producer Michael Lucas has called Israel Apartheid Week "a hate group" and "a group of antisemites." In February 2011 he brought about the cancellation of a planned event involving New York's LGBT Center and Israel Apartheid Week after threatening to organize a boycott of large donors to the center. He said of his achievement that it was a landmark moment in his life, of which he was enormously proud.[40]

In advance of the 2011 IAW, the government of Israel chose a group of Israelis, including Arabs, gays, Ethiopian Jews and an MTV "VJ" (presenter) to oppose the apartheid analogy used by going on a speaking tour of the United States;[41] an additional group went to Britain "to combat anti-Israel messages students there are receiving from Israel Apartheid Week activities."[42]

On March 3, 2011, Historian Catherine Chatterley wrote an editorial for the National Post outlining the history of Israel Apartheid Week and its relationship to the BDS movement.[43]

That same month, various Canadian government and other political figures, including Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Immigration Minister Jason Kenney and Liberal Leader Michael Ignatieff all criticized IAW. Kenney indicated that he was "deeply concerned about the events and activities" associated with IAW and said that the event was "all too often [...] accompanied by anti-Semitic harassment, intimidation and bullying." He further indicated that students participating IAW were "free [...] to speak their mind" but encouraged them to "reflect on whether these activities are beneficial."[44] Ignatieff, in condemning the week, said it is a “dangerous cocktail of ignorance and intolerance” that threatens “the mutual respect” of Canadian society.[45] Kenney has also accused the organizers of IAW of using "the cover of academic freedom to demonize and de-legitimize the state of Israel. This week is nothing more than an unbalanced attempt to paint Israel and her supporters as racist. I call on all Canadians to reject anti-Semitism and all forms of racism, discrimination and intolerance." Conservative MP David Anderson has stated that labelling Israel as an apartheid state is "abhorrent," and interim Liberal leader Bob Rae said the campaign "continues to defy logic. This year the focus continues to be on Israel, rather than on the appalling massacres and human rights violations that have reached intolerable heights in countries such as Syria and Iran."[46]

In April 2011, 16 African-American members of the Vanguard Leadership Group published full page ads in several U.S. university newspapers, with an "Open Letter to Students for Justice in Palestine" saying that the SJP's use of the word "apartheid" in regards to Israel and Israel Apartheid Week "is not only false, but offensive."[47]

Stuart Appelbaum, gay president of the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union feels that those groups opposing the New York LGBT Center’s decision to prohibit an Israel Apartheid Week March 2011 event were intellectually dishonest, saying "This was not a question of free speech. This was hate speech. The center should not be used as a venue for racism, Islamophobia or anti-Semitism. Nor did they even care about free speech. The same groups have consistently sought to ban and prevent supporters of Israel from expressing their views."[48]

In February 2012 the Public Diplomacy Ministry of Israel created the "Faces of Israel" mission to the United States, Canada, Ireland, Spain, Great Britain, and South Africa, comprising 100 Israelis including "settlers, Arabs, artists, experts in national security, gay people, and immigrants from Ethiopia" and actor Aki Avni, in order to "represent and defend the state during Israel Apartheid Week."[49][50]

In February 2012, Jonathan Kay sharply criticized IAW in the National Post, stating that "In Syria, the Assad regime continues to rain artillery on rebel positions in the city of Homs, killing journalists and innocent civilians alike. Iran's mullahs are set to execute a Canadian citizen for the crime of operating a website they don't like. The new Libyan regime is torturing Gaddafi loyalists. And Egypt's rulers are prosecuting NGO leaders on trumped up charges. And so next week, Canadian left-wing activists will congregate in Toronto to express their hatred of ... you guessed it: Israel." In the same article, Kay commented that not all IAW activists "seek the outright destruction of Israel—[but] many certainly do. Some are merely naïve undergraduates. ... But all of them should understand that IAW and BDS are not what they seem: As some of Israel's own fiercest critics themselves now admit, these are dishonest cults meant to enlist ill-informed activists in a campaign to destroy the Jewish state."[51]

In 2013, the University of Manitoba Students' Union (UMSU) in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, became the first student government in the world to remove Students Against Israeli Apartheid's student group status and ban it from using student union spaces. The council passed the motion banning the group after hearing evidence that Students Against Israel Apartheid and its "Israel Apartheid Week" violated student union policies by "undermining the dignity and self esteem of students on campus".[52]

In 2019, the Principal of King's College London, Profesor Ed Byrne, said that he "abhorred" Israeli Apartheid Week.[53]

See also

  • Economic and political boycotts of Israel
  • Israel and the apartheid analogy
  • Israel Peace Week

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://apartheidweek.org/en/about |title=About Israeli Apartheid Week |accessdate=2010-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224200120/http://apartheidweek.org/en/about |archive-date=2009-02-24 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
2. ^[https://nationalpost.com/story.html?id=1343206 Campuses awash in tension over Israel apartheid week"], National Post, March 2, 2009
3. ^1 "Israeli Apartheid Week 2009 may be coming to a campus near you", Jerusalem Post, January 29, 2009
4. ^How did the most humane state in history become demonized? - Opinion{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
5. ^1 The Canadian Jewish News - Israel Apartheid Week gains momentum {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412165651/http://www.cjnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14001&Itemid=101 |date=2009-04-12 }}
6. ^The Australian Jewish News - BDS, bombs and rock ‘n’roll
7. ^Jerusalem Post "Israeli Apartheid Week" starts today (03-03-2012)
8. ^http://www.apartheidweek.org/
9. ^{{Cite web |url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&cid=1139395420513 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513203211/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&cid=1139395420513 |archive-date=2011-05-13 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
10. ^http://www.cjnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14047&Itemid=101
11. ^http://apartheidweek.org/events/
12. ^2005 Toronto poster {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809215328/http://www.apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/IAW-poster2005.jpg |date=2011-08-09 }}.
13. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/IAW-poster2006_0.jpg |title=2006 Toronto poster |access-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809215420/http://www.apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/IAW-poster2006_0.jpg |archive-date=2011-08-09 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
14. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/to07leaflet.jpg |title=2007 Toronto pamphlet |access-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809215452/http://www.apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/to07leaflet.jpg |archive-date=2011-08-09 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
15. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.apartheidweek.org/media.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2008-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529062343/http://www.apartheidweek.org/media.html |archive-date=2008-05-29 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
16. ^{{Cite web |url=http://apartheidweek.org/en/2008/toronto |title=Toronto schedule |access-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515010104/http://apartheidweek.org/en/2008/toronto |archive-date=2011-05-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
17. ^{{Cite web |url=http://apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/International%20Press%20Release.pdf |title=2009 press release |access-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515010053/http://apartheidweek.org/sites/apartheidweek.org/files/International%20Press%20Release.pdf |archive-date=2011-05-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
18. ^{{Cite web |url=http://toronto.apartheidweek.org/ |title=2010 event summary |access-date=2011-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821070730/http://toronto.apartheidweek.org/ |archive-date=2011-08-21 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
19. ^http://apartheidweek.org/
20. ^1 2 http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/what-israeli-apartheid-week-1438167
21. ^Students clash at Israel Apartheid Week by Marcus Dysch Jewish Chronicle, February 20, 2012.
22. ^'Apartheid' Week: Mock Check Points and Water Balloons by Rachel Hirshfeld, Arutz Sheva, February 20, 2012.
23. ^1 Mock Eviction Flyers Incite Debate by Anneli L. Tostar, Harvard Crimson, March 5, 2013.
24. ^Chomsky joins Israel ‘apartheid’ debate by Saba Hamedy, Daily Free Press, March 2, 2010.
25. ^1 http://benwhite.org.uk/events/
26. ^Israeli Apartheid Week: A Year-by-Year Report, Anti-Defamation League (ADL), 2012.
27. ^http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4491254,00.html
28. ^http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3362888,00.html
29. ^http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/178039#.UxXta2R_tFd
30. ^http://www.timesofisrael.com/south-african-ruling-party-endorses-israeli-apartheid-week/
31. ^1 http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fullcomment/archive/2008/02/14/barbara-kay-on-israeli-apartheid-week.aspx {{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
32. ^http://umanitoba.ca/admin/governance/media/bog-open-apr2010.pdf
33. ^http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/letters_to_the_editor/well-not-censor-what-hasnt-been-said-117787708.html
34. ^1 http://www.dailycal.org/2013/08/29/office-of-civil-rights-dismisses-anti-semitism-complaint/
35. ^Feds investigate claims of anti-Semitism at UC Berkeley
36. ^‘Israel Apartheid Week' Begins, Reigniting Carter-Led Debate by Gabrielle Birkner, New York Sun February 13, 2007.
37. ^Israeli ambassador condemns students for 'celebration of ignorance' {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310172135/http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=33fde202-2d1b-4a6a-b947-809d83ac97d8 |date=2010-03-10}}, Ottawa Citizen, February 5, 2008.
38. ^[https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2010/02/25/mpps_unite_to_condemn_odious_israeli_apartheid_week.html MPPs unite to condemn “odious” Israeli Apartheid Week] by Robert Benzie, Toronto Star, February 25, 2010.
39. ^Where Does Olivia Chow Stand on Israel? by Mitch Wolfe, Huffington Post, February 3, 2014.
40. ^{{cite news|title=NY gay center pulls plug on Israel-Apartheid event|url=http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=209714|accessdate=19 March 2011|newspaper=Jerusalem Post|date=24 February 2011|author=Gil Shefler|author2=Benjamin Weinthal}}
41. ^Arabs, gays and an MTV VJ to fight apartheid analogy
42. ^Israeli students embark on ‘hasbara’ journey to UK campuses by Joshua Hamerman, Jerusalem Post, March 17, 2011.
43. ^{{cite news|last=Chatterley|first=Catherine|title=A History of Israeli Apartheid Week|url=http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/03/03/catherine-chatterley-a-history-of-israeli-apartheid-week/|accessdate=February 15, 2012|newspaper=National Post|date=March 3, 2011|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120709063703/http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/03/03/catherine-chatterley-a-history-of-israeli-apartheid-week/|archive-date=July 9, 2012|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
44. ^Minister Kenney issues statement on ‘Israeli Apartheid Week’, Citizenship and Immigration Canada, March 11, 2011.
45. ^[https://nationalpost.com/news/Ottawa%20slams%20Israeli%20Apartheid%20Week/4427045/story.html Ottawa slams Israeli Apartheid Week]{{dead link|date=April 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} by Sarah Boesveld, National Post, March 11, 2011.
46. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415034856/http://www.canada.com/Israeli%2BApartheid%2BWeek%2Bdemonizes%2BJewish%2Bstate%2Bsays%2BKenney/6267567/story.html Israeli Apartheid Week `demonizes' Jewish state, says Kenney] by Lee Berthiaume, Postmedia News, March 7, 2012.
47. ^Black student leaders slam 'apartheid' characterization by Jordana Horn, Jerusalem Post, April 9, 2011.
48. ^Gay opposition rises against Israel Apartheid Week by Benjamin Weinthal, Jerusalem Post, March 27, 2011.
49. ^100 envoys to fight Israel Apartheid Week on campuses {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219154538/http://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=258409 |date=2012-02-19 }} By Lahav Harkov, Jerusalem Post, February 19, 2012.
50. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20120302102138/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2012/0229/1224312525233.html Young Israelis on mission to improve their country's image] by Alison Healy, Irish Times, February 29, 2012.
51. ^Jonathan Kay: The return of the Israel Apartheid Week cult {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20130411110247/http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2012/02/25/jonathan-kay-the-return-of-the-israel-apartheid-week-cult/ |date=2013-04-11}} by Jonathan Kay, National Post, February 25, 2012.
52. ^University of Manitoba Students Union Ignores Legal Advice, Votes to Strip Anti-Israel Group of Official Club Status by Tristen Hopper, National Post, April 13, 2013.
53. ^{{Cite news |url=https://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/head-of-kings-college-london-calls-israel-apartheid-week-abhorrent/ |title=Principal of King’s College London brands Israel Apartheid Week ‘abhorrent’ |date=January 21, 2019 |work=Jewish News |access-date=January 22, 2019}}

External links

  • Israeli Apartheid Week official site

6 : February observances|Human rights in the Gaza Strip|Human rights in the West Bank|Anti-Zionism|Israel and the apartheid analogy|March observances
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