| 词条 | Israel–Qatar relations |
| 释义 |
Diplomatic relationsWhen Qatar were awarded the right to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, they stated that Israel would be allowed to compete in the tournament should they qualify.[2] Qatar National Olympic Committee and the State of Israel co-funded the Doha Stadium in the Israeli Arab city of Sakhnin located in the Galilee region of Israel. The stadium was named after the Qatari city of Doha. The decision by the Qataris to build the stadium in Israel came after a meeting between the Knesset member Ahmad Tibi and Secretary-General of the Qatar National Olympic Committee Sheikh Saud Abdulrahman Al Thani after Tibi expressed his concern on the conditions for sport in Sakhnin. The involvement of Qatar was to show that relations between the two nations are peaceful and with a similar interest.[3]Following the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict, Qatar hosted an emergency conference of Arab states and Iran to discuss the conflict. The Hamas administration in Gaza, as opposed to the Fatah-controlled Palestinian Authority in the West Bank, represented the Palestinians, undermining support for Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Khalid Meshaal, the leader of Hamas, President Bashar al-Assad of Syria, and President Ahmadinejad of Iran urged all Arab states to cut any remaining ties to Israel.[4][5] In 2013, Qatar reportedly assisted in an Israeli operation to bring a group of Yemenite Jews to Israel. The claim was made by a Lebanese source. According to the source, 60 Jews fleeing Yemen were allowed to transition from Doha on a flight to Israel.[6] On 30 April 2013, Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim al-Thani said that final status agreements with the Palestinians could involve land swaps instead of sticking to the 1967 borders. This was received positively in Israel with Justice Minister Tzipi Livni saying: "This news is very positive. In the tumultuous world around ... it could allow the Palestinians to enter the room and make the needed compromises and it sends a message to the Israeli public that this is not just about us and the Palestinians", adding that "peace between the Palestinians and the Israelis is ... a strategic choice for the Arab states".[7] Israeli leaders harshly criticized Qatar's diplomatic and financial support of Hamas in the wake of Operation Protective Edge, accusing the Qataris of being major sponsors of terrorism.[8] Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman called for the banishment of Qatar-based Al Jazeera journalists from Israel.[9] On 9 March 2015, Qatar's ambassador to Gaza reportedly sought direct approval from Israel to import construction material into the Gaza Strip after Egypt had refused to allow the Qatari delegation through the Rafah border crossing. The Palestinian Authority and Fatah lashed out at Qatar, condemning their efforts to engage in direct communication with Israel.[10][11] Jihad Harb, a political analyst and author, claimed that Qatar "might assume the role of mediator between Gaza and Israel, thus usurping the roles of the PA and Egypt."[10] In June 2015, the Qatari government facilitated discussions between Israel and Hamas in Doha to discuss a possible five-year ceasefire between the two parties.[12] In June 2017, Israel backed the Saudi-led bloc of Arab states opposed to Qatar in the 2017 Qatar diplomatic crisis, and announced of expulsion of Qatari state broadcaster Al-Jazeera from Israel.[13] Towards the end of the 20th century, Qatar had boycotted some countries that resorted to peace and normalisation of relations with Israel, according to author Salem Al Ketbi.[14] In October 2018, Israeli gymnasts competed in the 2018 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, which was held for the first time in Doha, Qatar and the Middle East.[15] In November, Israeli Danielle Goldstein participated in the 2018 Global Champions Tour in Doha, Qatar.[16] Diplomatic visitsDespite Qatar's support of Hamas, Israeli leaders have maintained direct contact with the emirate. In January 2007, in his last months as vice premier, former President Shimon Peres paid a high-profile visit to the capital city of Doha. Peres also visited Qatar in 1996, when he launched the new Israeli trade bureau there.[17] In January 2008 Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak met with former Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Khalifa al-Thani in Switzerland, at the World Economic Forum. The existence of the surreptitious talks has so far been kept secretive by Israel.[18] Foreign Affairs Minister Tzipi Livni also met with the Qatari Emir at a UN conference in 2008.[19] In April 2008, she visited Qatar where she attended a conference and met the Emir, the Prime Minister and the Minister of Oil and Gas.[20] Economic relationsQatar established trade relations with Israel in 1996.[21] In 2000, Israel's trade office in Qatar was closed down by authorities.[22] Qatar permanently severed trade relations with Israel in 2009 following Operation Cast Lead.[23] In 2010, Qatar twice offered to restore trade relations with Israel and allow the reinstatement of the Israeli mission in Doha, on the condition that Israel allow Qatar to send building materials and money to Gaza to help rehabilitate infrastructure, and that Israel make a public statement expressing appreciation for Qatar's role and acknowledging its standing in the Middle East. Israel refused on the grounds that Qatari supplies could be used by Hamas to build bunkers and reinforced positions from which to fire rockets at Israeli cities and towns, and that Israel did not want to get involved in the competition between Qatar and Egypt over the Middle East mediation.[24][25] According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, Israeli exports to Qatar amounted to $509,000 in 2012, mainly machinery, computer equipment and medical instruments. Imports from Qatar amounted to $353,000 in 2013, mainly plastics.[26] In December 2018, Israel permitted a €13 million payment from Qatar to Gazan workers as part of a six monthly payment to help with humanitarian crisis in the Gaza region.[27] See also
References1. ^[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20622930?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Qatar's Relations with Israel: Challenging Arab and Gulf Norms] 2. ^{{cite news|author=Walid, Tamara |url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/qatar-would-welcome-israel-in-2022 |title=Qatar would 'welcome' Israel in 2022 |work=The National |date=29 July 2013 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 3. ^{{cite news |first=Ro'ei |last=Nahmias |title=Why "Doha" Stadium and not "HaShalom"? |url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/1,7340,L-3200229,00.html |publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth |date=2006-01-14 |accessdate=2007-10-08 |language=Hebrew}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-01/17/content_10672178.htm|title=Doha emergency summit deepens Arab differences over Gaza issue|publisher=China View|date=17 January 2009|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jan/15/gaza-egypt-saudi-qatar-summit|title=Gaza split prompts Arab countries to boycott emergency summit|publisher=The Guardian|date=15 January 2009|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/164406#.UQH8gCfs6zo |title=Qatar Helping Yemenite Jews Reach Israel?|work=Israel National News |date=21 January 2013 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 7. ^Arab states back Israel-Palestine land swaps Al Jazeera 30 April 2013 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/as-it-battles-hamas-israel-singles-out-its-sponsor-qatar/|title=Israel singles out Qatar as key Hamas terror sponsor|last=Miller|first=Elhanan|date=23 July 2014|work=The Times of Israel|accessdate=23 July 2014}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/israeli-foreign-minister-avigdor-lieberman-seeks-ban-al-jazeera-operating-260178|title=Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman Seeks to Ban Al Jazeera From Operating in Israel|last=Westcott|first=Lucy|date=21 July 2014|work=Newsweek|accessdate=23 July 2014}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/04/palestine-qatar-hamas-israel-gaza-reconstruction-erez.html#|title=Will Qatar-Israel relations threaten PA’s relevance in Gaza?|publisher=Al Monitor|date=6 April 2015|accessdate=6 April 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.algemeiner.com/2015/03/19/pas-abbas-fuming-over-qatar-ambassadors-praise-for-israel/|title=PA’s Abbas Fuming Over Qatar Ambassador’s Praise for Israel|publisher=Algemeiner Journal|date=19 March 2015|accessdate=6 April 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Lazareva|first1=Inna|title=Israeli and Hamas officials 'meet in Qatar to discuss a five year ceasefire deal'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/11678800/Israeli-and-Hamas-officials-meet-in-Qatar-to-discuss-a-five-year-ceasefire-deal.html|website=telegraph.co.uk|publisher=Telegraph Media Group Limited|accessdate=18 June 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-demands-al-jazeera-offices-in-israel-be-shut-down/|title=Netanyahu demands al-Jazeera offices in Israel be shut down|website=timesofisrael.com|accessdate=30 July 2017}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=https://middleeastnewsservice.com/2017/07/07/saudi-arabia-egypt-bahrain-and-uae-threaten-to-take-further-steps-against-qatar/|title=Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain and UAE threaten to take further steps against Qatar|date=2017-07-07|work=Eyes on Europe & Middle East|access-date=2017-10-28|language=en-US}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/15680/Rapprochement:%20Israel,%20UAE,%20Qatar|title=Rapprochement: Israel, UAE, Qatar|work=Roya News|date=29 October 2018}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5394704,00.html|title=רכיבה: מקום שני לגולדשטיין במקצה המוקדמות בדוחא|work=ynet.co.il|language=Hebrew|date=9 November 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://cosmos.ucc.ie/cs1064/jabowen/IPSC/php/art.php?aid=57846 |title=Peres on rare trip to Qatar |publisher=Cosmos.ucc.ie |date=30 January 2007 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3501880,00.html|title=Barak met with Qatari PM|work=Ynetnews|date=3 February 2008|accessdate=2 June 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3501880,00.html |title=Barak met with Qatari PM |publisher=Ynetnews.com |date=29 June 1995 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/livni-to-tell-gulf-leaders-in-qatar-iran-the-threat-not-israel-1.243898 |title=Livni to Gulf leaders in Qatar : Iran the threat not Israel|work=Israel National News |date=2008 |accessdate=16 August 2008}} 21. ^{{cite journal|last=Machowski |first=Matthew |url= http://www.matthewmachowski.com/2011/05/qatar-israel-relations.html |title=Qatar-Israel Relations: A Historical Overview|journal= MidEastJournal |publisher=Matthewmachowski.com |date=19 May 2011 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/QATAR-ISRAEL-TRADE-OFFICE-CLOSED/3ea04bcb02b6e311f663638a71da0561?current=4&hits=3&query=MIDDLE%20EAST&orderBy=Relevance&referrer=search&search=%2fsearch%3fquery%3dMIDDLE%2520EAST%26allFilters%3dInternational%2520law%3aSubject%2cAssassinations%3aSubject&page=1&b=&allFilters=International%20law:Subject,Assassinations:Subject|title=Qatar: Israel trade office closed|publisher=Associated Press|date=11 September 2000|accessdate=3 August 2015}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14702609|title=Qatar profile - Timeline|publisher=BBC|date=21 May 2015|accessdate=3 August 2015}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/a-shameful-rejection-1.291142 |title=A shameful rejection – Israel News |work=Haaretz |date=20 May 2010 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 25. ^{{cite news|last=Ravid |first=Barak |url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/israel-rejects-qatar-bid-to-restore-diplomatic-ties-1.290866 |title=Israel rejects Qatar bid to restore diplomatic ties |work=Haaretz |date=18 May 2010 |accessdate=16 August 2013}} 26. ^[https://chronicle.fanack.com/qatar/history-past-to-present/qatar-and-israel-a-strategic-but-complicated-alliance/ Qatar and Israel: A strategic but complicated alliance] 27. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/israel-permits-second-tranche-of-qatari-payment-to-gazan-workers-1.3724019 |title=Israel permits second tranche of Qatari payment to Gazan workers |work=Irish Times}} External links
3 : Israel–Qatar relations|Bilateral relations of Israel|Bilateral relations of Qatar |
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