“Italian submarine Nereide (1913)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Italian submarine Nereide (1913)

释义

Design and construction
Sinking
Notes
References
Bibliography

{{other ships|Italian submarine Nereide}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=Regia Marina Nereide.jpg

Ship caption=Nereide
}}{{Infobox ship career

Hide header=

Ship country=Italy

Kingdom of Italy}}

Ship name=Nereide

Ship builder=Venice Navy Yard, Venice^[1]

Ship laid down=

Ship launched=12 July 1913^[1]

Ship commissioned=

U-5|Austria-Hungary|3|sub=y}}^[1]
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Nautilus|submarine

1913}

225|MT|ST|abbr=on}} surfaced^[1]

{{convert|320|MT|ST|abbr=on}} submerged

134|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}^[1]

14|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on}}^[1]

9|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}^[1]

Ship propulsion=*2 × shafts^[1]

2 × Sulzer diesel engines, {{convert|600|bhp|abbr=on}} total
2 × Ansaldo electric motors, {{convert|320|hp|abbr=on}} total^[1]

13.2|knots|km/h}} surfaced^[1]

{{convert|8|knots|km/h}} submerged

Ship test depth=

Ship complement=2 officers, 17 enlisted^[1]

17.7|in|mm|-1|abbr=on}} bow torpedo tubes; 4 torpedoes^[1]
}}

Nereide was a {{sclass-|Nautilus|submarine|||1913}} in the Italian Royal Navy ({{lang-it|Règia Marina}}) during World War I. She was built 1911–1913 at the navy yard at Venice and was sunk in 1915 by the Austro-Hungarian submarine {{SMS|U-5|Austria-Hungary|2|sub=y}} under the command of Georg Ritter von Trapp. Nereide{{'}}s captain, Carlo del Greco posthumously received the Medaglia d'Oro al Valore Militare for his actions when Nereide was sunk.

Design and construction

The Italian Nautilus was designed by Curio Bernardis, later a well-known submarine designer. Nereide{{'}}s hull, like that of her sister ship {{ship|Italian submarine|Nautilus||2}}, was shaped similar to a torpedo boat. She was {{convert|134|ft|4|in|m}} long with a beam of {{convert|14|ft|1|in|m}} and a draft of {{convert|9|ft|4|in|m}}. She was outfitted with two shafts powered by twin {{convert|300|bhp|abbr=on}} Sulzer diesel engines for surface running at up to {{convert|13.2|knots|km/h}}, and twin {{convert|160|hp|abbr=on}} Ansaldo electric motors for a maximum of {{convert|8|knots|km/h}} when submerged. Nereide was armed with two {{convert|17.7|in|mm|-1|adj=on}} bow torpedo tubes and could carry up to 4 torpedoes. She was designed for a complement of 19—2 officers and 17 sailors.^[1]

Nereide was laid down at the Venice Navy Yard on 1 August 1911, and was launched on 12 July 1913. It is not known when Nereide was commissioned, but it was most likely after her completion on 20 December 1913.^[2] Little is known about Nereide{{'}}s service career in the Règia Marina before August 1915.

Sinking

After Italy's entry into World War I, the country's armed forces occupied the island of Pelagosa in the central Adriatic.^[3] After scouting reports from the German submarine {{SMS|UB-14||2|sub=y}} and from an Austro-Hungarian reconnaissance aircraft reported a French or Italian submarine—which was, in fact, Nereide—at Pelagosa in early August 1915, the Austro-Hungarian Navy dispatched its submarine {{SMS|U-5|Austria-Hungary|2|sub=y}}, under the command of Georg Ritter von Trapp,^[4] from nearby Lissa.^[3]^[5] On the morning of 5 August, Nereide was on the surface, moored under a cliff in the island's harbor.^[3]

When U-5 surfaced just offshore, Nereide{{'}}s commanding officer, Capitano di Corvetta Carlo del Greco, cast off the lines and maneuvered to get a shot at von Trapp's boat. Nereide launched a torpedo at U-5 but missed, after which del Greco ordered his boat down. U-5 lined up a shot and launched a single torpedo at the slowly submerging target, striking her, and sending her to the bottom with all hands.^[6]^[7] Carlo del Greco received the Medaglia d'Oro al Valore Militare for his actions.^[8]{{Location map|Italy|label=|marksize=6|mark=Red_pog.svg|lat_dir=N|lat_deg=42|lat_min=23 |lat_sec=00|lon_dir=E|lon_deg=16|lon_min=16|lon_sec=00|position=right|width=177|float=right|caption=Location of the wreck}}

Nereide{{'}}s wreck was located in 1972 at position {{coord|42|23|N|16|16|E|display=inline,title|name=Italian submarine Nereide}}.^[2]^[9]

Notes

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²Gardiner, p. 276.
2. ^¹{{csr|register=MSI|id=6104335|shipname=Nereide |accessdate=10 December 2008 }}
3. ^¹²Halpern, p. 149.
4. ^Georg Ritter von Trapp was the patriarch of the von Trapp family made famous in The Sound of Music.
5. ^von Trapp, p. 41.
6. ^Stern, pp. 39–40.
7. ^Stern (p. 40) reports 20 men were killed when Nereide went down; Sieche (p. 22) reports a loss of 17.
8. ^Stern, p. 40.
9. ^{{cite Uboat.net|name=Nereide|id=4349|type=1ship|accessdate=10 December 2008}}

References

Bibliography

{{cite book | last = Gardiner | first = Robert, ed. | title = Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1906–1921 | location = Annapolis, Maryland | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 1985 | isbn = 978-0-87021-907-8 | oclc = 12119866 }}
{{cite book | last = Halpern | first = Paul G. | title = A Naval History of World War I | location = Annapolis, Maryland | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 1994 | isbn = 978-1-55750-352-7 | oclc = 57447525 }}
{{cite book | last = Stern | first = Robert Cecil | title = The Hunter Hunted: Submarine versus Submarine: Encounters from World War I to the Present | location = Annapolis, Maryland | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 2007 | isbn = 1-59114-379-9 | oclc = 123127537 }}
{{cite book | last = von Trapp | first = Georg | authorlink = Georg Ritter von Trapp | title = To the Last Salute: Memories of an Austrian U-Boat Commander | location = Lincoln | publisher = University of Nebraska Press | origyear = 1935 | year = 2007 | isbn = 0-8032-4667-6 | oclc = 70866865 }}

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