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词条 Jaguar Land Rover
释义

  1. History

  2. Investment and expansion

  3. Corporate affairs

      Board of directors    Financial data  

  4. Operations

  5. Products

      NOx emissions ratings    Future electrification    Current Jaguar products    Current Land Rover products  

  6. Sales

  7. References

  8. External links

{{short description|British multinational automotive company}}{{EngvarB|date=November 2016}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}{{Infobox company
| name = Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC
| logo =
| type = Subsidiary
| industry = Automotive
| foundation = {{start date and age|2008|01|18|df=y}}
| founder =
| location_city = Whitley, Coventry
| key_people = Dr Ralf Speth
(CEO)
Ian Callum
(Chief design officer of Jaguar)[1]
Gerry McGovern
(Chief design officer of Land Rover)[2]
| products = Luxury vehicles, off-road vehicles
| brands= {{ubl|Jaguar|Land Rover}}
| production = {{increase}} 439,749 (Land Rover)
{{increase}} 174,560 (Jaguar)[3]
| production_year = 2017–18
| revenue = {{increase}} £25.8 billion[4]
| revenue_year = 2017–18
| operating_income = {{decrease}} £1.5 billion[4]
| income_year = 2017–18
| net_income = {{decrease}} £1.1 billion[4]
| net_income_year = 2017–18
| assets = {{increase}} £26.8 billion[4]
| assets_year = 2017–18
| equity = {{increase}} £9.98 billion[4]
| equity_year = 2017–18
| num_employees = 43,224[5]
| num_employees_year = 2018
| parent = Tata Motors
| subsid = Jaguar Land Rover Holdings Limited
Jaguar Land Rover Limited
Chery Jaguar Land Rover (50%)
Jaguar Land Rover India
| footnotes =
| location_country = United Kingdom[6]
| homepage = {{URL|www.jaguarlandrover.com}}
}}

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC is the holding company of Jaguar Land Rover Limited, a British multinational automotive company with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, United Kingdom, and a subsidiary of Indian automotive company Tata Motors. The principal activity of Jaguar Land Rover Limited is the design, development, manufacture and sale of vehicles bearing the Jaguar and Land Rover marques. Both marques have long and complex histories prior to their merger – Jaguar going back to the 1930s and Land Rover to the 1940s – first coming together in 1968 as part of the ill-fated British Leyland conglomerate, later again independent of each other, and then as subsidiaries of BMW (in the case of Land Rover), and Ford Motor Company (Jaguar). Ford acquired Land Rover from BMW in 2000 following the break-up of the former Rover Group, which was effectively the remainder of the British Leyland car producing companies.

Jaguar Land Rover has been a subsidiary of Tata Motors since they founded it for the acquisition of Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover from Ford in 2008. On 1 January 2013 the operations of Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover were merged as Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the parent was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC.

History

Both businesses having been part of British Leyland for parts of their histories until 1984, Jaguar Cars and Land Rover were eventually reunited into the same group again by the Ford Motor Company in 2002.[7] Ford had acquired Jaguar Cars in 1989 and Land Rover from BMW in 2000.[8][9] In 2006, Ford purchased the Rover brand name from BMW for around £6 million. This reunited the Rover and Land Rover brands for the first time since the Rover group was broken up by BMW in 2000.

On 18 January 2008, Tata Motors, a part of the Tata Group, established Jaguar Land Rover Limited as a British-registered, wholly owned subsidiary. The company was to be used as a holding company for the acquisition from Ford of the two businesses – Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover. That acquisition was completed on 2 June 2008.[10][11] On 1 January 2013, the group, which had been operating as two separate companies (Jaguar Cars Limited and Land Rover), although on an integrated basis, underwent a fundamental restructuring. The parent company was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC, Jaguar Cars Limited was renamed to Jaguar Land Rover Limited and the assets (excluding certain Chinese interests) of Land Rover were transferred to it. The consequence was that Jaguar Land Rover Limited became responsible in the UK for the design, manufacture and marketing of both Jaguar and Land Rover products.[12]

In addition to the Jaguar and Land Rover marques, JLR also owns the rights to the dormant Daimler, Lanchester and Rover marques. The latter was acquired by Land Rover, whilst still under Ford ownership, from BMW in the aftermath of the collapse of MG Rover Group; BMW had retained ownership of the marque when it broke up Rover Group in 2000, then licensed it to MG Rover.

Investment and expansion

In March 2011, Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would hire an additional 1,500 staff at its Halewood plant, and signed over £2 billion of supply contracts with UK-based companies, to enable production of its new Range Rover Evoque model.[13][14] In September 2011, the company confirmed that it would be investing £355 million in the construction of a new engine plant at the i54 business park near Wolverhampton, central England, to manufacture a family of four-cylinder petrol and diesel engines.[15][16] In November 2011 Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would be creating 1,000 new jobs at its Solihull plant, a 25 per cent increase in the size of the workforce at the site.[17][18]

In March 2012, Jaguar Land Rover announced the creation of 1,000 new jobs at its Halewood plant, and a shift to 24-hour production at the plant.[19][20] In the same month, Jaguar Land Rover and the China-based carmaker Chery agreed to invest an initial US$2.78 billion in a new joint venture, the activities of which would include the manufacture of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles and engines, the establishment of a research and development facility, the creation of a new automobile marque, and sales of vehicles produced by the company.[21][22] Jaguar Land Rover planned to create 4,500 manufacturing and engineering jobs in the UK over the next five years.[23]

In late 2012, the company announced a joint venture for Jaguars and Land Rovers to be built in China, now the world's biggest car-market. The agreement was with Chery, China's sixth largest auto manufacturer, and called for a new Chinese factory in Changshu to build vehicles starting in 2014.[24] Trial production at the facility began in April 2014, with a potential capacity of 130,000 vehicles annually.[25] The first production model by the Chery Jaguar Land Rover venture was the Evoque, with other models planned that also include modifications, such as longer wheelbases, to satisfy Chinese market demand.[26]

In September 2013, Jaguar Land Rover announced an additional 1,700 jobs and £1.5 billion investment at its facility in Solihull. The money was to be spent on designing systems to allow the chassis of future models to be made out of aluminium; the first of these would be a new mid-sized sports saloon car to be introduced in 2015.[27] The same month, the company announced plans to open a £100 million research and development centre called the National Automotive Innovation Campus at the University of Warwick, Coventry to create a new generation of vehicle technologies. Jaguar Land Rover was to invest £50 million in the facility with additional funding from Tata Motors, the University and the UK government.[28] The carmaker said around 1,000 academics and engineers would work there and that construction would start in 2014.[29][30]

Under its chief executive, Dr Ralf Speth, JLR has increased its investment in R&D significantly. In 2013, according to Speth, it invested £3 billion in "product creation" and claimed to be the "biggest R&D investor in the UK in the automotive business".[31]

In 2017 a plant for Ingenium engine production was added to the Chery Jaguar Land Rover facility in China.[32]

On 13 April 2018, Jaguar Land Rover announced that it would be cutting 1,000 temporary contract jobs in the West Midlands, citing a slump in sales due to uncertainty over changes to taxes on diesel cars and Brexit.[33][34]

Corporate affairs

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (Company No. 06477691). The immediate parent of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC is TML Holdings Pte. Ltd., Singapore and the ultimate parent undertaking and controlling party is Tata Motors Limited of India.[35] The Chairman of Tata Group, Ratan Tata, was the chairman and a director of Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC from 2008 to December 2012.

Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC's principal active subsidiaries are:[36]

  • Jaguar Land Rover Holdings Limited
  • Jaguar Land Rover Limited (designs, manufactures and sells Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles)

Board of directors

Name[35] Position[35] Year appointed[35]
Andrew M. Robb Director 2009
Prof Dr. Ralf D. Speth Chief Executive Officer 2010

Financial data

Year ending Turnover (£m) EBITDA (£m) Net income / (loss) before tax (£m)
23 MAY 201724,3001600
31 March 2015[37] 21,866 4,132 2,614
31 March 2014[38] 19,386 3,393 2,501
31 March 2013[39] 15,785 2,402 1,674
31 March 2012[40] 13,512 2,027 1,479
31 March 2011[35] 9,870.7 1,501.7 1,115
31 March 2010[35] 6,527.2 349.1 51.4
31 March 2009[35] 4,949.5 (83.9) (375.7)
{{clear}}

Operations

Jaguar Land Rover has six main facilities for R&D, manufacturing and vehicle assembly, of which five are in the UK and one in India. Jaguar Land Rover invested a total of £1,411 million in research and development in the year ended 31 March 2015.[41]

Jaguar Land Rover has three research and development facilities in the UK:

  • Gaydon, Warwickshire – an engineering and development facility. Formerly an RAF bomber base before being acquired by British Leyland and redeveloped as a vehicle design, development and testing centre. Part of this site is also the Aston Martin headquarters, development centre and factory.
  • Whitley, Coventry – an engineering and development site and headquarters of Jaguar Land Rover which was formerly the Jaguar Cars head office. This site was acquired from Peugeot in the 1980s, and was formerly a First World War airfield, an aircraft factory and then a missile factory before being sold to the Rootes Group (later Chrysler Europe).
  • JLR is a partner in the National Automotive Innovation Centre at the University of Warwick, Coventry.

Vehicle Assembly plants:[42][43]

  • Castle Bromwich Assembly, Birmingham. Jaguar Land Rover's main Jaguar assembly plant, producing the XF, XJ and F-Type ranges. Originally an aircraft factory during World War Two – Spitfires were built here – it was later acquired by Pressed Steel Fisher and became a vehicle body assembly works. It came under the auspices of Jaguar through the merger with BMC in the 1960s.
    • Jaguar XE, Jaguar XF, Jaguar XJ, Jaguar F-Type
  • Halewood Body & Assembly, Halewood, Merseyside. Used by Jaguar Land Rover for Land Rover production. Originally a Ford assembly plant (the Ford Escort being its most prolific model) it was given to Jaguar in 2000 for production of the X-Type. Ford still owns the transmission manufacturing operation at Halewood.
    • Land Rover Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque
  • Solihull plant, Solihull, West Midlands. Jaguar Land Rover's principal Land Rover assembly plant. This was originally an aircraft engine plant during World War Two, being used for as a Rover plant after the war. In 2014 the Jaguar XE became the first Jaguar car to be assembled here, followed by the F-Pace in 2016.
    • Range Rover, Range Rover Sport, Range Rover Velar, Land Rover Discovery, Jaguar F-Pace
  • Pune, India[44]
    • Jaguar XF, Jaguar XJ, Range Rover Evoque – assembly of complete knock-down kits only
  • Chery Jaguar Land Rover, Changsu, China[45]
    • Range Rover Evoque, Land Rover Discovery Sport, Jaguar XE, Jaguar XF
  • JLR Brazil, Itatiaia, Brazil[46]
    • Range Rover Evoque

SVO facility

  • Ryton-on-Dunsmore, near Coventry – where the Special Vehicle Operations development centre was created in 2016. The site was previously used by Rootes for aircraft production plant for World War Two, and later became the Rootes/Chrysler/Peugeot car plant which was closed in 2006 and has since been demolished.

Engine Assembly plants

  • Engine Manufacturing Centre, Wolverhampton. A £500 million facility located at the i54 site in Staffordshire close to Wolverhampton where the Ingenium family of modular diesel and petrol engines are built. The plant was officially opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on Thursday 30 October 2014.
  • Chery Jaguar Land Rover, Changsu, China.[47]

Planned facilities[48][49]

  • JLR Slovakia, Nitra, Slovakia[50][51] (production planned to start in 2018)
  • Software engineering facility, Shannon, Ireland
  • Storage depot, Stone, Staffordshire

Co-operations

  • The Magna Steyr company in Graz, Austria[52] builds the E-Pace (from 2017) and the I-Pace (from 2018).

Products

Jaguar Land Rover currently sells vehicles under the Jaguar and Land Rover marques.

NOx emissions ratings

In March 2019, Jaguar Land Rover became the first European car producer to submit new cars from its marques to AIR Index to receive NOx emissions ratings.[53]

AIR Index ratings for JLR cars (Euro 6 allows up to 80 mg/km NOx emission)
ModelYearFuelNOx
measured
(mg/km)		AIR Index
rating
Jaguar E-Pace HSE 2.0I 180hp2019Diesel14A
Land Rover Range Rover Evoque TD4 2.0I 180hp2019Diesel17A
Land Rover Discovery 3.0 TD6 HSE2018Diesel33A
Land Rover Discovery Sport 2.0I 180hp2019Diesel34A

Future electrification

In September 2017, Jaguar Land Rover announced that all new Jaguar and Land Rover models launched from the 2020 model year will have an all-electric or hybrid powertrain option,[54]

In October 2017, JLR announced that their electrification programme will start with the Range Rover Sport P400e for the 2018 model year, a plug-in hybrid model due in the showrooms in late 2017.[55] and be followed by the launch of a plug-in hybrid Range Rover due in 2018 for the 2019 model year,[56]

Jaguar Land Rover paid $49.5 million in fines for missing its American Corporate Average Fuel Economy targets over the 2009–13 model years.[57]

Current Jaguar products

  • Jaguar XE (compact executive car)
  • Jaguar XF (executive car & estate)
  • Jaguar XJ (full-size luxury car)
  • Jaguar F-Type (sports car)
  • Jaguar E-Pace (subcompact luxury SUV)
  • Jaguar F-Pace (compact luxury SUV)
  • Jaguar I-Pace (compact luxury electric SUV)
Jaguar XE Jaguar XF Jaguar XJ Jaguar F-Type Jaguar E-Pace Jaguar F-Pace Jaguar I-Pace

Current Land Rover products

  • Land Rover Discovery Sport (high end subcompact luxury SUV)
  • Land Rover Discovery (mid-size luxury SUV)
  • Range Rover Evoque (subcompact luxury SUV)
  • Range Rover Velar (high end compact luxury SUV)
  • Range Rover Sport (mid-size luxury SUV)
  • Range Rover (full-size luxury SUV)
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Land Rover Discovery Sport Land Rover Discovery Range Rover Evoque Range Rover Velar Range Rover Sport Range Rover

Sales

In the year ended 31 March 2013, Jaguar Land Rover sold a total of 374,636 units, of which 316,043 were Land Rovers and 58,593 were Jaguars.[58] In that period 21.6% of sales were in Europe (excluding the United Kingdom and Russia), 20.6% in China, 19.3% in the United Kingdom, 16.8% in the United States, 4.8% in Asia Pacific (excluding China) and 16.9% in the rest of the world.[58] In 2015, Jaguar Land Rover became the biggest car manufacturer in UK, producing 489,923 cars and overtaking Nissan, the previous leader.[59]

In January 2014, the Wall Street Journal reported that Jaguar Land Rover, sold a record 425,006 vehicles in 2013 as demand for its luxury vehicles increased in all major markets including in China, North America and Europe.[60]

It sold a total of 604,009 vehicles during 2017, comprising 431,161 Land Rover vehicles and 172,848 Jaguar vehicles.[61]

References

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2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.landrover.co.uk/explore-land-rover/unstoppable-spirit/gerry-mcgovern.html |title=Gerry McGovern – Unstoppable Spirit – Land Rover UK |publisher=Landrover.co.uk |date=2018-08-22 |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
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8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jaguar.com/int/en/jaguar_ownership/company/heritage/1989_1996.htm |title=The Years 1989 to 1986 |publisher=Jaguar Cars Ltd. |accessdate=19 June 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624005733/http://www.jaguar.com/int/en/jaguar_ownership/company/heritage/1989_1996.htm |archivedate=24 June 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
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15. ^{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/09/19/uk-autos-jlr-idUKTRE78I16A20110919|title=Tata's Jaguar Land Rover picks UK for new plant|date=19 September 2011|agency=Reuters|accessdate=20 September 2011}}
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21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/21/us-jaguar-chery-idUSBRE82K0HV20120321|title=Jaguar Land Rover seals JV with China's Chery|date=21 March 2012|agency=Reuters|accessdate=21 March 2012|first=Henry|last=Foy}}
22. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/mar/21/jaguar-land-rover-chery-automobile-china|title=Jaguar Land Rover and Chery Automobile agree deal to sell vehicles in China|date=21 March 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|accessdate=21 March 2012|location=London}}
23. ^{{cite news| url= http://www.indianexpress.com/news/jaguarlr-to-generate-4-500-jobs-in-uk/968286/| title= JaguarLR to generate 4,500 jobs in UK |work=The Indian Express| date=29 June 2012}}
24. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2234642/Jaguar-Land-Rovers-built-time-China-milestone--1billion-deal-accelerate-global-sales.html |title=Jaguar and Land Rovers to be built for first time in China under 'milestone' £1billion deal to accelerate global sales |first=Ray |last=Massey |newspaper=The Daily Mail |date=19 November 2012 |accessdate=16 December 2014}}
25. ^{{cite web|url= http://europe.autonews.com/article/20140404/ANE/140409917/jaguar-land-rover-begins-production-trials-at-china-assembly-plant |title=Jaguar Land Rover begins production trials at China assembly plant |date=4 April 2014 |publisher=Automotive News |accessdate=16 December 2014}}
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31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenia.org.uk/ingenia/articles.aspx?Index=965 |publisher=Ingenia |accessdate=14 May 2015 |title= R&D Investment Makes Good Business Sense}}
32. ^{{cite web|url= https://automotivelogistics.media/news/jaguar-land-rovers-first-overseas-engine-plant-opens-china |title=Jaguar Land Rover’s first overseas engine plant opens in China |date=25 July 2017|publisher=Automotive Logistics|accessdate=3 August 2017}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-43756202|title=Jaguar Land Rover to shed 1,000 contract staff|date=13 April 2018|website=BBC News|accessdate=13 April 2018}}
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37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/gl/en/investor-relations/news/2015/05/26/jaguar-land-rover-reports-full-year-results-for-fiscal-201415/|title=Jaguar Land Rover results for the year ended 31 March 2015|accessdate=26 May 2015|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover Ltd}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/media/23101/q4-fy14-investor-presentation-v5.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803034238/http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/media/23101/q4-fy14-investor-presentation-v5.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=3 August 2014|title=Jaguar Land Rover results for the year ended 31 March 2014|accessdate=21 February 2015|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover Ltd}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/pdf/Q4_FY2013_Investor_Presentation.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806181531/https://www.jaguarlandrover.com/pdf/Q4_FY2013_Investor_Presentation.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=6 August 2018|title=Jaguar Land Rover Results Under IFRS for the year ended 31 March 2013|accessdate=1 June 2013|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover Ltd}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/pdf/Investor_Presentation_FY2011-2012.pdf|title=Jaguar Land Rover Results Under IFRS for the period ended 31 March 2012|accessdate=13 July 2012|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover Ltd|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617131828/http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/pdf/Investor_Presentation_FY2011-2012.pdf|archivedate=17 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}
41. ^{{cite web|url= http://annualreport2016.jaguarlandrover.com/assets/jlr_ar_2014-15.pdf |title=Annual Report 2014-15|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover|accessdate=21 September 2016}}
42. ^{{cite web|url= http://automotivelogistics.media/interview/jlr-ensuring-logistics-not-victim-success |title=JLR part 1: Ensuring logistics is not a victim of success|work=Automotive Logistics |date=30 September 2016 |author=Christopher Ludwig|accessdate=24 February 2017}}
43. ^{{cite web|url= http://automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/jlr-part-2-big-cat-hunting-outbound-efficiencies |title=JLR part 2: The big cat is hunting for outbound efficiencies|work=Automotive Logistics|date=30 September 2016 |author=Christopher Ludwig|accessdate=24 February 2017}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://automotivelogistics.media/news/land-rover-assembly-begins-in-india |title=Land Rover assembly begins in India – Automotive Logistics |publisher=Automotivelogistics.media |date= |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://automotivelogistics.media/news/evocative-logistics-at-chery-jlr |title=Chery JLR puts complex logistics plan into action – Automotive Logistics |publisher=Automotivelogistics.media |date= |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://automotivelogistics.media/news/jaguar-land-rover-opens-plant-brazil-local-supply |title=Jaguar Land Rover opens plant in Brazil for local supply – Automotive Logistics |publisher=Automotivelogistics.media |date= |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
47. ^https://www.ft.com/content/2bfdae04-6d5f-11e7-bfeb-33fe0c5b7eaa
48. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25247483 | publisher=BBC News | title=Jaguar Land Rover confirms Brazil car factory plans | date=5 December 2013}}
49. ^{{cite news| url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303997604579240033481099004 |title=Jaguar Land Rover to Start Making Cars in Brazil| work=The Wall Street Journal}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.leftlanenews.com/jaguar-land-rover-settles-on-slovakia-for-new-plant-89342.html |title=Jaguar Land Rover settles on Slovakia for new plant |publisher=Leftlanenews.com |date=2015-08-11 |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://automotivelogistics.media/news/jlr-considers-slovakia-for-plant-citing-supply-chain-and-logistics-benefits |title=JLR targets Slovakia for plant, citing supply chain and logistics benefits – Automotive Logistics |publisher=Automotivelogistics.media |date= |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
52. ^{{cite web|url=http://automotivelogistics.media/news/magna-will-assemble-vehicles-for-jaguar-land-rover-in-graz |title=Magna will assemble vehicles for Jaguar Land Rover in Graz – Automotive Logistics |publisher=Automotivelogistics.media |date= |accessdate=2018-08-28}}
53. ^{{cite web |date=7 March 2019 |title=JLR tests new cars with AIR index, new diesel engines among cleanest for NOx emissions |url=http://www.autocarpro.in/news-international/jlr-tests-new-cars-with-air-index--new-diesel-engines-among-cleanest-for-nox-emissions-42329 |website=Professional Autocar |accessdate=7 March 2019}}
54. ^{{cite press release |title=Every Jaguar and Land Rover Launched from 2020 will be Electrified |url=http://media.jaguarlandrover.com/news/2017/09/every-jaguar-and-land-rover-launched-2020-will-be-electrified |access-date=22 December 2017|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover |date=7 September 2017}}
55. ^{{cite news |last1=Glon|first1=Ronan |title=Land Rover begins electrification push with plug-in Range Rover Sport P400e |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/cars/land-rover-range-rover-sport-p400e-performance-specs-range/ |access-date=22 December 2017|work=Digital Trends|publisher=Designtechnica Corporation|date=4 October 2017}}
56. ^{{cite news |last1=Edelstein |first1=Stephen |title=Land Rover continues its electrification push with a Range Rover plug-in hybrid |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/land-rover-range-rover-p400e-140424533.html |access-date=22 December 2017|publisher=Yahoo! Finance |date=11 October 2017}}
57. ^{{cite web |title=CAFE PIC Civil Penalties |url=https://one.nhtsa.gov/cafe_pic/CAFE_PIC_Fines_LIVE.html |website=one.nhtsa.gov |publisher=US Department of Transportation |accessdate=6 January 2019}}
58. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/media/14149/jaguar_land_rover_automotive_plc_annual_report_2012-2013.pdf|title=Jaguar Land Rover Annual Report 2012/2013|accessdate=4 February 2014|publisher=Jaguar Land Rover}}
59. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/jan/21/jaguar-land-rover-biggest-uk-carmaker|title=Jaguar Land Rover races past Nissan to become UK's biggest carmaker|accessdate=22 January 2016|work=The Guardian}}
60. ^{{cite news | url= https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303819704579316370292236120?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303819704579316370292236120.html|work=The Wall Street Journel |date=12 January 2014|title=Jaguar Land Rover Posts Record Sales for 2013 }}
61. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/gl/en/investor-relations/news/2015/01/12/jaguar-land-rover-december-1415-sales/ |title=JAGUAR LAND ROVER REPORTS STRONG FULL YEAR SALES FOR 2014 |publisher=Jaguar Land Rover |date=12 January 2015 |accessdate=14 March 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20150315113344/http://www.jaguarlandrover.com/gl/en/investor-relations/news/2015/01/12/jaguar-land-rover-december-1415-sales/ |archivedate=15 March 2015 |df=dmy-all }}

External links

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