| 词条 | Junkers EF 132 | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The EF 132 was a planned jet bomber, under development for the Luftwaffe during World War II.[1] It was the last aircraft project development undertaken by Junkers during the war, and was the culmination of the Ju 287 design started in 1942.[1] DesignThe shoulder-mounted wings were swept back 35° and featured a small amount of anhedral.[2] Six Junkers Jumo 012 jet engines, each of which developed 24.5 kN (5,500 lbf) of thrust, were buried in the wing roots. Wind tunnel results showed the advantages of having the engines within the wing, rather than causing drag by being mounted below the wing surfaces. Several wooden mockups were built of the wing sections, in order to find the best way to mount the engines without wasting too much space while at the same time providing maintenance accessibility. The trailing edge flaps were designed to be split flaps, and the goal was to make the gearing and operation simple. Because of the high placement of the wings to the fuselage, an unbroken bomb bay of 12 m (39 ft 4 in) could be utilized in the center fuselage. The tailplanes were also swept back and the EF 132 had a normal vertical fin and rudder. An interesting landing gear arrangement was planned, that consisted of a nose wheel, two tandem main wheels beneath the center rear fuselage, and outrigger-type wheels under each outer wing. A fully glazed, pressurized cockpit located in the extreme fuselage nose held a crew of five. Armament consisted of two twin 20 mm cannon turrets (one located aft of the cockpit, the other beneath the fuselage) and a tail turret containing another twin 20 mm cannons. All of this defensive armament was remotely controlled from the cockpit, and a bomb load of 4,000–5,000 kg (8,820–11,020 lb) was envisioned to be carried. Tests and outcomeA windtunnel model was tested in early 1945, and a full-scale wooden mockup was also built at the Dessau Junkers facility. The development stage had progressed far when the Red Army reached the Dessau complex and took possession of the Junkers Ju 287, EF 131 and EF 132 designs and components. In October, 1946 the whole complex and the German engineers were transferred to GOZ No.1 (Gosoodarstvenny Opytnyy Zavod, State Experimental Plant), at Dubna in the Soviet Union, to continue development of the EF 131 and EF 132. Design work on the EF 132 continued under Dr. Brunolf Baade at OKB-1 (the design bureau attached to GOZ No.1), under order of Council of Ministers directive No.874-266, an unpowered example was constructed to gather additional data, but only slow progress was made before the project was terminated on 12 June 1948, by CoM directive 2058-805. Specifications (EF 132, as designed){{aircraft specifications/switch|plane or copter?= plane |jet or prop?= jet |ref= |crew=Five |capacity= |length main= 101 ft 1 in |length alt= 30.80 m |span main= 106 ft 4 in |span alt= 32.40 m |height main=27 ft 7 in |height alt= 8.40 m |area main= 1,730 ft² |area alt= 161 m² |airfoil= |empty weight main=69,000 lb |empty weight alt=31,300 kg |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main=143,300 lb |max takeoff weight alt=65,000 kg |more general= |engine (jet)= Junkers Jumo 012 |type of jet=turbojets |number of jets=6 |thrust main=5,500 lbf |thrust alt=24.5 kN |thrust original= |afterburning thrust main= |afterburning thrust alt= |max speed main= 502 kn, 578 mph |max speed alt= 930 km/h |cruise speed main= |cruise speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |range main= 1,900 nmi, 2,175 mi |range alt= 3,500 km |ceiling main=33,792 ft |ceiling alt=10,300 m |climb rate main= 2,834 ft/min |climb rate alt=15.5 m/s |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |guns=3 × 20 mm cannons each in remotely controlled dorsal, ventral and tail turrets |bombs=5,000 kg (11,023 lb) of bombs |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent|related=
|similar aircraft=
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|see also= }} References1. ^1 Junkers Ju EF 132 Luft '46 entry 2. ^Schemes of EF132 External links{{commons category|Junkers Ju EF 132}}
3 : German bomber aircraft 1940–1949|World War II jet aircraft of Germany|Junkers aircraft |
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