词条 | James Everett Chase |
释义 |
| name = James Everett Chase | image = | office = 35th Mayor of Spokane, Washington | term_start = 1982 | term_end = 1986 | predecessor = Ron Bair | successor = Vicki McNeill | party = | birth_date = March 29, 1914 | birth_place= Wharton, Texas | death_date = {{death date and age|1987|05|19|1914|3|29}} | death_place= Spokane, Washington | resting_place = Fairmount Memorial Park Spokane, Washington | spouse = Eleanor Barrow Chase (1918–2002) (m.1942) | children = 1 son | profession = Politician, Businessman | religion = Episcopal | footnotes = }}James Everett "Jim" Chase (March 29, 1914 – May 19, 1987) was an American politician in Spokane, Washington.[1][2][3] He was elected mayor in 1981 by a landslide 62 percent to 38 percent margin, and became the state's first African American mayor.[4][5][6] Early life and workChase was born in Wharton, Texas[7] and grew up in Ballinger, Texas.[8] He came to Spokane in 1934, accompanied by two friends from Ballinger, Harry Blackwell and Elmo Dalbert.[9] The three men moved to Spokane after completing a term of service with the Civilian Conservation Corps—after taking up residence in the city, they found employment in a hotel.[9] Chase went on to run an auto body repair shop together with his friends. He was a co-owner of Blackwell and Chase Body and Fender Repair from 1940-1942, supervisor of the body repair shop at Geiger Field for the U.S.A.F. during World War II, and co-owner of Chase and Dalbert Body and Fender Repair from 1945 until his retirement in 1981.[7][10] Civic involvementFor the entirety of the 1960s, Chase was the president of Spokane's branch of the NAACP. Under his leadership, the NAACP focused their attention in the specific areas of discrimination in housing, public accommodations, and employment. Chase and the NAACP of Spokane campaigned for investigations into claims of housing discrimination based on color. They went before the Washington State Board Against Discrimination (WSBAD) on May 4, 1961. The Board found several real estate companies guilty of discriminatory practices. In the 1960s in Spokane, some businesses "continued to restrict black trade."[11] Chase and the NAACP took up the case of a visiting student at Gonzaga University who was denied service at a barber shop. Although this student was visiting, Chase and the NAACP used the opportunity to "bring exposure to this local public accommodations incident." The NAACP of Spokane, under Chase, encouraged African Americans to "file their employment complaints with the WSBAD."[12] Though limited in their authority, the WSBAD investigated many claims of unfair employment practices in Spokane. In late 1969, Chase realized that "he was ready to pass the torch to a 'younger' activist with 'fresh ideas,'" and the office passed to another local activist, Joseph Trim.[13] Service on the Spokane city councilPrior to his election as mayor at age 67, Chase was a city council member for six years, a seat which narrowly he won in 1975,[14] becoming the first African American city council member in Spokane's history.[15] Chase quickly established himself as a critic of the council's inefficiency, raising objections at council meetings over the slow pace of the council's agenda and the wasted money that resulted from the council's inaction. He became well-known for his emphasis on transparency in government, and for his advocacy for social services, particularly for young people: in both 1978 and 1979, Chase was very vocal in defense of the Spokane Area Youth Committee when the council considered cutting its funds, and at one point threatened to resign from the council if the measure had prevailed.[16] He was re-elected in 1979 by a three-to-one margin and was the first council member to retain a seat in six years.[17][18] Service as Spokane's mayorOn November 3, 1981 Chase became Spokane's first African American mayor.[19] In a "low key" campaign against Wayne Guthrie, James Chase "garnered 72 percent of the vote."[20] Mayor Chase had a leadership style that was different from anyone else. He was considered steady and honest with good helping of common sense, along with "dignity." Chase was extremely "careful to avoid political confrontations with his constituents."[19] After his inauguration, Chase "hit the ground running."[19] He instituted a "1% for Art" program, which put art in city buildings.[19] This legacy of this program continues today in the Chase art gallery outside of City Hall. During his tenure as mayor, Chase helped Spokane "move beyond the race issue to accept an African American mayor."[19] However, this didn't stop racial tensions from building. In April of 1983, Chase came under fire from equal rights groups for allowing a planned white supremacist group to rally in downtown Spokane. The Church of Jesus Christ Christian Aryan Nations group, led by Richard Butler, was given a permit to "peaceably" assemble. The date for the rally was set for June 26th, 1983, and was to meet at the clock tower in Riverfront Park. In spite of pressure from various civil rights groups to stop the rally on the claims that it would "endanger public safety, mayor Chase chose to follow the letter of the law. Mayor chase was quick to point out that "freedom of speech is the cornerstone of democracy," he also stated that: "First Amendment rights protect both white supremacists and minorities." Mayor Chase made it very clear that the he was not intimidated by the group. He stated: "I'm not afraid of those guys, I'm going to that rally." With a major police force present, the rally eventually took place with relatively little violence.[21] With Chase's landslide victory and his unique leadership style, Spokane ushered in a new era of civil rights. It gave hope to Black Spokanites and "fulfilled a dream of some of the elders in the black community."[19] When his first term was coming to an end, Chase had back surgery that included a "long and painful recovery."[19]Chase announced that he would not be seeking another term. He remarked, "You hate to leave something that's going this good, you really do. The other part of it is, you're glad to leave something that's going this good. You know it will keep going on."[19] LegacyOver his career, Chase earned a number of accolades. In 1983, the Spokane Black Centennial Committee held their celebration in honor of James and his wife, Eleanor. Chase earned Eastern Washington University's President's Medal in 1985, while Governor Booth Gardener declared December 12, 1985 to be James Chase Day.[2] Chase is famed for the Chase Youth Commission, a group advocating youth issues within Spokane, including the Chase Youth Awards and the Chase Youth issues forum. The youth commission is considered as a city commission and allows 8 adults and 7 youth to join every year. Chase Middle School in Spokane is also named after him. Personal lifeShortly after arriving to Spokane, Chase joined an African Methodist Episcopal Church, where he sang baritone for the choir. He also played saxophone in a local jazz band. Chase met his future wife, Eleanor Barrow when she was 15 years old—they remained friends for a number of years, and were married in 1942 by Reverend Ernest Mason at Holy Trinity Episcopal Church in the West Central neighborhood of Spokane.[2] Their first son, Roland, was born the following year. Chase died from cancer at age 73 at Sacred Heart Hospital in Spokane.[22] His funeral at St. John's Episcopal Cathedral was attended by over one thousand mourners from all walks of life,[23] and he was buried at Fairmount Memorial Park.[24] References1. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=q1ROAAAAIBAJ&sjid=d-4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=7198%2C6276045 |newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Peck |first=Chris |title=Jim Chase: He's ready; is Spokane? |date=October 29, 1981 |page=6}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CSdXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hO8DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2582%2C3035044 |newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last1=Bennett |first1=Jeanne |last2=Bonino |first2=Rick |title=Jim Chase, man who loved being city's mayor, is dead |date=May 20, 1987 |page=A1}} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2008/sep/21/spokanes-black-mayor-left-his-mark/ |newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Kershner |first=Jim |title=Spokane’s black mayor left his mark |date=September 21, 2008 |accessdate=February 9, 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web | last = Kershner| first = Jim| title = Chase, James E. (1914–1987)| work=Essay 5099| publisher=HistoryLink| date = 2008-11-30| url = http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=8788| accessdate = 2009-03-04}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6fhLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0-4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=4980%2C1823857|newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Bonino |first=Rick |title=Chase mayor race winner |date=November 4, 1981 |page=A1}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dANMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TfkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5318%2C720798 |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=(Washington)|last=Floyd |first=Doug |title=Chase savors a stunning win |date=November 4, 1981 |page=1}} 7. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Williamson |first1=Jerrelene |title=African Americans in Spokane |date=2010 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=0738570117 |page=126}} 8. ^Quintard Taylor, Interview with James and Eleanor (Barrow) Chase, 2 November 1972. Black Oral History Interviews, 1972-1974. Held in the Washington State University Libraries – Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections. 9. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Mack |first1=Dwayne |title=Black Spokane: The civil rights struggle in the inland northwest |date=2014 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman, OK |isbn=9780806144894 |page=16}} 10. ^{{cite archive |first=Jim |last=Chase |item =Resume |type =Textual record |date =1983? |file =6 |box=7 |collection =Chase Family Collection |collection-url =https://www2.northwestmuseum.org/museum/detail-chase-family-collection-58715.htm |institution=Eastern Washington State Historical Society/Northwest Museum of Arts & Culture |accession=Ms. 159}} 11. ^{{Cite book|title=Black Spokane|last=Mack|first=Dwayne|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-8061-4489-4|location=Norman, OK|pages=100-116}} 12. ^{{Cite book|title=Black Spokane|last=Mack|first=Dwayne|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-8061-4489-4|location=Norman, OK|pages=100-116}} 13. ^{{Cite book|title=Black Spokane|last=Mack|first=Dwayne|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-8061-4489-4|location=Norman, OK|pages=126-127}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6O9LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=be0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6461%2C1794518|newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Roberts |first=Jack |title=Three councilmen go down to defeat |date=November 5, 1975 |page=1}} 15. ^Daniel K. Oliver was erroneously cited in All Through the Night, The History of Black Americans in Spokane, 1860-1940, a history published in 1979 by Joseph Franklin, as being the city's first black councilman in 1896-1897, and other sources subsequently repeated that claim, but genealogical and genetic evidence shared by Oliver's descendants in 2015 established that the identification had been mistaken, as explained in this Spokesman-Review article from April 29, 2015. 16. ^{{cite book |last1=Mack |first1=Dwayne |title=Black Spokane: The civil rights struggle in the inland northwest |date=2014 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman, OK |isbn=9780806144894 |page=131}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-1pOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=K_kDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4524%2C1868536 |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=(Washington)|last=Floyd |first=Doug |title=Voters bounce two |date=November 7, 1979 |page=1}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=y0pOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Ku4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2212%2C4336229|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Rose |first=Robert L. |title=Winners and losers do not mince words |date=November 8, 1979 |page=10}} 19. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book |last1=Mack |first1=Dwayne |title=Black Spokane |date=2014 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman, Oklahoma |isbn=978-0-8061-4489-4}} 20. ^{{cite news |last1=Collier |first1=Aldore |title=The Mayor Few People Know |work=Ebony |issue=August |date=1984}} 21. ^{{cite news |last1=Prager |first1=Mike |title=Stop Aryan Nations rally, group tells mayor |publisher=Spokesman Review |date=May 20, 1983}} 22. ^{{cite book |last1=Mack |first1=Dwayne |title=Black Spokane: The civil rights struggle in the inland northwest |date=2014 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman, OK |isbn=9780806144894 |page=145}} 23. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DCdXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hO8DAAAAIBAJ&pg=5908%2C4330498 |newspaper=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Bonino |first=Rick |title=1200 mourners say good-bye to Jim Chase |date=May 23, 1987 |page=A6}} 24. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dANMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TfkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3298%2C728463 |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=(Washington) |last=Crompton |first=Kim |title=First lady |date=November 4, 1981 |page=3}} External links
10 : 1914 births|1987 deaths|Washington (state) city council members|Mayors of Spokane, Washington|African-American mayors|African-American people in Washington (state) politics|20th-century American politicians|People from Wharton, Texas|Civilian Conservation Corps people|Deaths from cancer in Washington (state) |
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