| 词条 | James H. Fields | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=James H. Fields |birth_date={{Birth date|1920|6|26}} |death_date={{Death date and age|1970|6|17|1920|6|26}} |birth_place=Caddo, Texas |death_place= |placeofburial= Houston National Cemetery Houston, Texas |placeofburial_label= Place of burial |image= |caption= |nickname= |allegiance=United States of America |branch=United States Army |serviceyears= |rank=Captain |commands= |unit=10th Armored Infantry Battalion, 4th Armored Division |battles=World War II |awards=Medal of Honor Silver Star Bronze Star Purple Heart French Croix de Guerre with palm |relations= |laterwork= }} James H. Fields (June 26, 1920 – June 17, 1970) was a United States Army captain and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration for valor—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in France during World War II. BiographyFields was born in Caddo, Texas on June 26, 1920. He graduated from Mirabeau Lamar High School in Houston, Texas in 1939. He attended the University of Oklahoma before he was drafted into the U.S. Army from Houston in February 1942,[1] and by September 27, 1944 was serving as a first lieutenant and a platoon commander in Company A, 10th Armored Infantry Battalion (redesignated from the 10th Armored Infantry Regiment in September 1943), 4th Armored Division. On September 27, he led First platoon located on top of Hill 265 since the night before, in a morning counterattack on enemy positions in Rechicourt, France. During the attack, he left cover to aid a wounded soldier (medic) in his platoon and was himself severely wounded in the face and head by shrapnel. Although his injuries left him unable to speak, he refused to evacuated himself and continued to lead his men with hand signals and written notes. When two machine guns began firing on his platoon, he left cover again and silenced the enemy emplacements. Fields and his platoon with the loss of their medics, successfully defended the hilltop for six hours in actions that also involved enemy tanks. He was awarded the Medal of Honor five months later, on February 27, 1945. Fields was the first person decorated in the field with the Medal of Honor by General George S. Patton Jr. He was also promoted to captain. Once Fields received his Medal of Honor, General George S. Patton Jr. had him sent back to the United States. General Patton stated in his book, "War as I knew It": "I told Gaffey I did not want Lieutenant Fields sent to the front any more, because it has been my unfortunate observation that whenever a man gets the Medal of Honor or even the Distinguished Service Cross, he usually attempts to outdo himself and gets killed, whereas, in order to produce a virile race, such men should be kept alive". He was an independent oil operator in Texas after the war, and died on June 17, 1970 at age 49. He was buried on June 20 in the Houston National Cemetery, in Houston, Texas. Awards and decorationsField's military awards include:
Medal of Honor citationFields' Medal of Honor citation reads: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty, at Rechicourt, France. On September 27, 1944, during a sharp action with the enemy infantry and tank forces, 1st Lt. Fields personally led his platoon in a counterattack on the enemy position. Although his platoon had been seriously depleted, the zeal and fervor of his leadership was such as to inspire his small force to accomplish their mission in the face of overwhelming enemy opposition. Seeing that 1 of the men had been wounded, he left his slit trench and with complete disregard for his personal safety attended the wounded man and administered first aid. While returning to his slit trench he was seriously wounded by a shell burst, the fragments of which cut through his face and head, tearing his teeth, gums, and nasal passage. Although rendered speechless by his wounds, 1st Lt. Fields refused to be evacuated and continued to lead his platoon by the use of hand signals. On 1 occasion, when 2 enemy machineguns had a portion of his unit under deadly crossfire, he left his hole, wounded as he was, ran to a light machinegun, whose crew had been knocked out, picked up the gun, and fired it from his hip with such deadly accuracy that both the enemy gun positions were silenced. His action so impressed his men that they found new courage to take up the fire fight, increasing their firepower, and exposing themselves more than ever to harass the enemy with additional bazooka and machinegun fire. Only when his objective had been taken and the enemy scattered did 1st Lt. Fields consent to be evacuated to the battalion command post. At this point he refused to move further back until he had explained to his battalion commander by drawing on paper the position of his men and the disposition of the enemy forces. The dauntless and gallant heroism displayed by 1st Lt. Fields were largely responsible for the repulse of the enemy forces and contributed in a large measure to the successful capture of his battalion objective during this action. His eagerness and determination to close with the enemy and to destroy him was an inspiration to the entire command, and are in the highest traditions of the U.S. Armed Forces.[2] See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Army|World War II}}
References1. ^[https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&tf=F&q=james+h+fields+texas&bc=&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=7100204 WWII Army Enlistment Records] 2. ^ War Department, General Orders No. 13 (February 27, 1945)- Military Times; Retrieved 19 May 2011 {{ACMH}}
|publisher=United States Army Center of Military History |title=Medal of Honor recipients - World War II (A–F) |work=Medal of Honor citations |date=June 8, 2009 |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-a-f.html |accessdate=2008-02-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616211621/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-a-f.html |archivedate=June 16, 2008 |df= }} External links
11 : 1920 births|1970 deaths|Place of death missing|American army personnel of World War II|United States Army Medal of Honor recipients|People from Houston|Lamar High School (Houston, Texas) alumni|United States Army officers|Burials at Houston National Cemetery|Recipients of the Silver Star|World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor |
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